Formation of saddle dolomites in Upper Cambrian carbonates, western Tarim Basin (northwest China): Implications for fault-related fluid flow

The saddle dolomites occur more intensely in cores closely to fault than that in cores far away from the fault in Upper Cambrian carbonate of western Tarim basin, suggesting that formation of the saddle dolomites is likely related to fault-controlled fluid flow. They partially fill in fractures and vugs of replacement dolomite. The saddle dolomites exhibit complex internal textures, commonly consisting of core and cortex. In comparison with the matrix dolomites, the saddle dolomites show lower Sr-content and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios, higher Fe- and Mn-content, and more negative δ¹⁸O values. Combined with high Th (100–130 °C) of primary fluid inclusions, it is suggested that the saddle dolomites precipitated from hydrothermal fluid derived from the deep evaporite-bearing Middle Cambrian strata, and the magnesium source may be due to dissolution of host dolomite during hydrothermal fluid migration. Fault activity resulted in petrographic and geochemical difference of the core and cortex of the saddle dolomites. The cores precipitated from the formation water mixed by deep brines at the early stage of fault activity, and the cortexes precipitated from the deep fluid with higher temperatures through the Middle Cambrian later. In summary, the formation of the saddle dolomites implies a hydrothermal fluid event related to fault activity, which also resulted in high porosity in Upper Cambrian carbonate in western Tarim Basin.     

西北冰洋表层沉积物中重金属的赋存形态研究

用连续提取法对选自西北冰洋的32个表层沉积物进行分析,测定了Cr、Cu、Pb在全样中及其在P1-2、P3、P4、P5中的含量.结果表明随着离岸距离增加,水深加深,Cr、Cu、Pb含量呈增高的趋势.研究区陆架沉积物中Cr、Cu、Pb含量分别为60.66、14.77、16.65μg/g;深海沉积物中Cr、Cu、Pb的含量分别为80.40、41.70、25.62μg/g.元素赋存形态分析表明,Cr、Cu、Pb主要赋存在残渣态,残渣态中三元素的含量平均值分别为64.97、19.67、17.56μg/g,占元素总量的比例分别为93.58%、75.02%和83.76%.三元素在各赋存形态中的含量分布是:Cu为残渣态>有机质和硫化物态>铁锰氧化态>可交换及碳酸盐态;Pb和Cr则为残渣态>铁锰氧化物态>有机质硫化物态>可交换态及碳酸盐态.研究区重金属元素在不同赋存形态中的含量分布与北太平洋深海沉积物中类似.     

西太平洋暖池研究综述

西太平洋暖池（Western Pacific Warm Pool）是全球海温最高的海域,汇聚了巨大的热能,在地球气候系统中具有非常重要的作用。本文综述了近30年来有关西太平洋暖池的研究进展,包括西太平洋暖池的维持机制、在不同时间尺度西太平洋暖池的变异特征和物理机制,以及西太平洋暖池的观测和数值模拟等领域的研究进展。西太平洋暖池的维持是现有地形下大气过程和海洋过程相互作用导致的,在季节内到世纪尺度均存在很强的变化。其中：季节内变化的驱动机制主要包括与大气季节内振荡(Madden Julian Oscillation)相关的对流和海表面热通量变化,以及海洋波动等海洋动力过程;季节变化主要是太阳辐射的季节变化导致;在年际尺度上,西太平洋暖池作为El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation的一部分而振荡具有显著年际变化;太平洋代际振荡（Pacific Decadal Oscillation）和大西洋代际振荡（Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation）驱动着西太平洋暖池的年代际变化;世纪尺度的变化显示全球变暖背景下西太平洋暖池存在扩张趋势。人类对西太平洋暖池的系统观测始于海洋观测卫星的使用,随后历经WCRP/TOGA、TAO/TRITON、TOGA-COARE、WOCE、Argo、SPICE、NPOCE等多个观测计划,极大促进了西太平洋暖池的研究。但截止到第五次耦合模式比对计划（Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5）,多数气候模式仍未能克服热带模拟偏差,对西太平洋暖池的模拟效果较差,表明在西太平洋暖池动力学的理解和模拟方面仍有较大进步空间。     

南海冬季之西边界流：1998年2月的水文结构与体积输运

The unique survey in December 1998 mapped the entire western boundary area of the South China Sea(SCS),which reveals the three-dimensional structure and huge volume transport of the swift and narrow winter western boundary current of the SCS(SCSwwbc) in full scale. The current is found to flow all the way from the shelf edge off Hong Kong to the Sunda Shelf with a width around 100 km and a vertical scale of about 400 m. It appears to be the strongest off the Indo-China Peninsula, where its volume transport reached over 20×10~6 m~3/s. The current is weaker upstream in the northern SCS to the west of Hong Kong. A Kuroshio loop or detached eddy intruded through the Luzon Strait is observed farther east where the SCSwwbc no more exists. The results suggest that during the survey the SCSwwbc was fed primarily by the interior recirculation of the SCS rather than by the"branching" of the Kuroshio from the Luzon Strait as indicated by surface drifters, which is likely a near-surface phenomenon and only contributes a minor part to the total transport of the SCSwwbc. Several topics related to the SCSwwbc are also discussed.     

西太平洋暖池1990s中期的年代际扩张对夏季登陆中国台风的影响

应用美国联合预警中心(Joint Typhoon Warning Center,JTWC)的台风最佳路径资料、美国国家海洋大气局(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,NOAA)的扩展海表面温度资料以及美国国家环境预报中心(National Centers for Environmental Prediction,NCEP)和美国国家大气科学研究中心(National Center for Atmospheric Research,NCAR)的大气环流场资料,研究了20世纪90年代西太平洋暖池(简称暖池)年代际扩张对西北太平洋台风和登陆中国沿岸台风的影响。研究发现,相比于暖池扩张前期(1965—1992),后期(1993—2013)台风生成在西北太平洋中部区域(10°—20°N,135°—145°E)显著减弱,在10°—20°N,145°—160°E区域和南海北部区域则表现出增多的特点。台风移动路径变异特征呈现为移动进入南海和登陆中国东部沿岸的西行和西北行路径减少,登陆日本的转向型路径增多,同时登陆我国海南岛和东南部沿岸的台风增多。进一步探查这种影响的可能原因发现,与暖池扩张密切相关的太平洋年代际变化引起的纬向环流的变异是西北太平洋中部台风生成减少的主要原因;而南海北部台风生成增多则归因于南海区域局地环流特征的变异。同时,南海北部台风生成增多是登陆我国海南岛和东南沿岸台风增多的主要决定因素。     

宁夏南部“南北古脊梁”岩溶裂隙水流系统分析

运用构造控水分析、水化学同位素等方法,对宁南“南北古脊梁”岩溶裂隙水系统进行了深入的分析与讨论。该区储水空间以岩溶裂隙为主,岩溶水的空间分布明显受SN向大型断裂构造控制。岩溶地下水以大气降水起源为主,并表现为多元水混合而成。水质分布呈现南优北劣的分带特征,北部水一岩相互作用形式为溶滤一蒸发浓缩型,呈高矿化咸水,南部为溶滤一混合型,呈低矿化淡水。根据水动力场和水化学场特征,划分了3个相对独立的岩溶水子系统。     

辽西凌源牛营子盆地晚三叠世--中侏罗世地层层序及区域对比

本文根据重新理清的辽西凌源牛营子盆地晚三叠世-中侏罗世地层层序及时代,讨论其区域地层对比.晚三叠世晚期的邓杖子组是一套崩滑流为主的碳酸盐角砾,其为区域印支期构造运动的造山记录,与京西、冀北杏石口组、辽西北票羊草沟组(坤头菠罗组)可以对比;早侏罗世水泉沟组与京西、冀北南大岭组、辽西北票兴隆沟组层位相当,且各组火山岩时代基本相同;中侏罗世早期郭家店组底部含煤段与京西上窑坡组、冀北下花园组中部、辽西北票组中上部植物组合面貌一致;中侏罗世中期郭家店组砾岩段是燕山期构造变形主幕的产物,北京西山龙门组、冀北下板城下花园组上部、辽西北票海房沟组都是该期的记录,层位相当;辽西中侏罗世中晚期蓝旗组底部的时代为158±1Ma,与京西、冀北髫髻山组安山岩的同位素年龄总体一致.这说明差异较大的燕山板内造山带三叠纪-中侏罗世盆地的沉积记录显示了相似的演化规律.     

鲁西孟家屯一种细粒斜长角闪岩的锆石SHRIMP年代学

在对鲁西孟家屯地区一种细粒斜长角闪岩变质侵入体的矿物岩相学和锆石微区特征研究的基础上,通过锆石离子探针测定获得了2604±11Ma的变质作用年龄。结合孟家屯岩组的年龄资料和鲁西地区的岩浆活动时代特征,认为鲁西地区在2.65~2.6Ga时期是一个强烈的构造活动时期,与同时期华北地台其他地区的构造活动有很大的差异,具有其独特的地质演化历史。     

湘西地区晚震旦世黑色岩系地层层序、沉积环境与成因

在对湖南大庸、新晃、沅陵、溆浦和黔阳等地上震旦统—早寒武世初期露头层序地层学的研究表明,湘西地区上震旦统内部存在３个与视海平面变化相对应的超层序,其上限大致可以留茶坡组顶部区域性成磷事件的出现为标志。黑色岩系的形成是海平面上升的结果,尽管该岩系具有色深、层薄和富含有机质的共同特点,但不同层位黑色岩系的岩石化学成分和微量元素组成不同,因此具有不同的沉积环境和形成机制。经研究,晚震旦世金家洞组第二段和寒武纪初期黑色岩系的形成与海底火山和深大断裂的热泉喷流作用有关;而金家洞组第四段和留茶坡组下部黑色岩系的形成     

Early Cretaceous precious fossil-bearing beds in Weijialing－Yaolugou of Jianchang Basin , western Liaoning

The Jianchang Basin is one of the main localities of the precious fossils of Jehol Biota in western Liaoning. The fossil-bearing horizons are mainly in the Yixian- and J iufotang formations. In the Weijialing－Yaolugou of southwest Jianchang Basin, many precious fossils have been found at Luojiagou Bed of the 2nd Member of the Yixian Formation and at Xidian Bed of the 1st member of the Jiufotang Formation. The geologic setting, sedimentary environment and paleogeography of the precious fossil-bearing beds were also studied.