豫西萑香洼金矿床成矿机制探讨：流体包裹体和稳定同位素证据

萑香洼金矿位于华北陆块南缘熊耳山地区，是大型的构造蚀变岩- 石英脉复合型金矿床。该矿床热液成矿作用经历了4个阶段：黄铁矿- 石英阶段（Ⅰ）、石英- 黄铁矿阶段（Ⅱ）、石英- 多金属硫化物阶段（Ⅲ）和碳酸盐阶段（Ⅳ）。为查明成矿流体的类型、性质、演化特征及成矿物质来源，对脉石英流体包裹体进行了系统的显微测温、成分及H、O、S同位素测试分析，在此基础上，探讨了成矿机制。研究结果表明，第Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ阶段主要发育CO 2- H 2O- NaCl型包裹体和NaCl- H 2O型包裹体，以富液相包裹体为主，同时发育少量富气相包裹体，第Ⅳ阶段仅发育NaCl- H 2O型包裹体。从早到晚，各成矿阶段包裹体的均一温度分别集中在260~320℃、220~280℃、180~240℃和120~180℃，盐度分别集中在5%~9%NaCleq、7%~12%NaCleq、5%~10%NaCleq和0%~2%NaCleq，成矿流体由早阶段的中温低盐度热液体系向晚阶段的低温低盐度热液体系演化。石英- 硫化物（Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ）阶段流体气相成分以H 2O、CO 2为主，含少量的H 2S、N 2、C 2H 6、CH 4、CO、H 2等，液相成分中金属阳离子以Na+为主，阴离子以SO 42-、Cl-为主；碳酸盐阶段成矿流体中多数离子含量较早阶段出现了降低。H- O同位素研究结果表明：第Ⅰ阶段至第Ⅲ阶段的成矿流体δ18O 水分别为3. 8‰~11. 9‰（均值7. 7‰）、3. 3‰~8. 2‰（均值5. 2‰）、1. 2‰，相应的δD分别为-96‰~-72‰（均值-84‰）、-98‰~-67‰（均值-87‰）、-90‰，早阶段成矿流体与岩浆热液特征相似，随着成矿作用的进行，大气降水出现一定程度的混入；萑香洼金矿δ34S的值介于-24. 2‰~0. 6‰，其中成矿早阶段未分馏的δ34S的值主要在0值附近，认为萑香洼金矿硫源与早白垩世岩浆- 热液系统或幔源流体相关，二者或参与成矿。萑香洼金矿为早白垩世区域岩石圈减薄、伸展环境下形成的“克拉通破坏型金矿床”。     

Aproposed Area for Study of Accessory Section and Point of Terrestrial Permian—Triassic Boundary

After the establishment of the global stratotype section and point (GSSP) of the Permian-Triassic boundary (PTB), the definition of the accessory section and point (ASP) of the terrestrial Permian-Triassic boundary (TPTB) is now on the agenda. However, all good TPTB sections so far known have the following shortcoming:(1) the exact TPTB horizon is difficult to define paleontologically with high-resolution, and (2) accurate correlation between marine and terrestrial PTBs in hard to attain. In order to enhance the understanding of the nature of the global life crisis in both the marine and terrestrial environments across the Paleozoic-Mesozoic transition, these shortcomings need to be addressed. In western Guizhou and eastern Yunnan, Southwest China, some fossiliferous PTB sections which include marine, paralic and terrestrial are well-developed, allowing bed-to-bed correlation of the PTB sequences. Fortunately, the marine PTB sequence in this area is almost the same as found at the Meishan Section, where the GSSP of the PTB is located, which may provide a reliable auxiliary marker for high-resolution demarcation of the TPTB. These features fund in estern Guizhou and eastern Yunnan make this area a good place to study the ASP of the TPTB, so we propose to study the ASP of the TPTB in this area.     

粤北晚古生代盆地压实流体的性状

盆地构造演化、流体系统、矿化作用是当代矿床学研究的新课题。盆地演化过程中,压实流体系统温度场、动力场和地球化学场可以通过地质研究和数字模拟来重塑。粤北晚古生代沉积盆地存在三种类型的矿化流体。大宝山型流体与岩浆热动力作用有关,形成海底火山热液沉积多金属矿床;凡口型流体与深部建造的循环热液有关,形成中低温海底热泉喷溢沉积铅锌银汞矿床;红岩型流体与盆地成岩压实水有关,形成低温单一黄铁矿矿床。粤北晚古生代盆地沉积物主要由透水性较好的粗碎屑物质和碳酸盐组成,沉积建造厚度较薄,数字模拟结果表明,盆地压实流体系统难以形成较高的地热储和流体势,不可能形成自身的突发喷溢。但在同生断裂作用引导下,流体在沉积层的特殊部位汇聚形成红岩型低温黄铁矿矿床。     

Cikidang Hydrothermal Gold Deposit in Western Java, Indonesia

Abstract. The Cikidang gold deposit, discovered in 1991, is located within the Bayah dome, a Tertiary-Quaternary volcanic zone at west end of Java, which is well known as a gold district (e.g., Pongkor and Cikotok mines). Typical low-sulfidation quartz-adularia-sericite(-calcite) vein deposits represent the gold deposit in the district.
The Cikidang vein system comprises four sub-parallel quartz-adularia-sericite(-calcite) veins that are rich in manganese oxide and limonite with very poor amount of sulfides. These vary from 0.5 to 2.7 m thick and extend for up to 1,000 m long. The vein trends roughly N-S and dip 60 to 86° toward west. The ore grades vary from trace to 74.9 g/t Au and 1.2 to 225.0 g/t Ag. A K/Ar age determination on adularia yielded 2.4 Ma for the Cikidang vein.
The ore minerals are represented by electrum, argentite, aguilarite and pyrite. Electrum shows the compositional ranges of Ag (50–65 atom %). The gangue minerals are dominated by quartz with variable amounts of calcite, sericite, adularia, clay minerals, manganese oxide and limonite. The vein textures are so variable as banded, colloform, comb, brecciated and massive. Host rocks, composed of Miocene lapilli tuff and breccia, suffered from pervasive hydrothermal alterations. Wall rocks adjacent to the vein are characterized by argillic and propylitic alteration.
The fluid inclusion study of the Cikidang vein shows homogenization temperatures ranging from 170 to 260°C. Salinities are low, generally below 3 wt% NaCl equivalent. Oxygen isotope results suggest meteoric water in origin for ore fluids responsible for the Cikidang deposit.     

广东干旱害的气候成因及其防御对策

分析了广东干旱害的气候成因 ,特别对 1998年下半年以来广东气候异常、旱情严重、春耕生产受阻作了具体分析 ,并提出了防御干旱害的对策。     

广东河台金矿硫化物地球化学特征及地质意义

河台金矿是广东省最大的金矿, 被认为是典型的剪切带型金矿。尽管矿床产于云开群变质岩中, 但是在产出时间和空间展布上又与云楼岗和伍村岩体有密切关系, 再加上成矿的多阶段性, 导致对成矿流体及物质来源一直存在争议。河台金矿的金主要以自然金形式产出, 与黄铁矿、黄铜矿、磁黄铁矿等矿石矿物紧密共生。本文对河台金矿田热液成矿期金-硫化物阶段的黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿进行了微量元素和Sr-Nd同位素分析, 以进一步示踪成矿流体及物质来源。两种硫化物Co/Ni比值为0.36~3.33, 显示主要为热液成因。Hf/Sm、Nb/La、Th/La值<1, 暗示成矿热液是以富Cl–的流体为主; Y/Ho比值为12.0~33.0, 与糜棱岩有明显区别; (87Sr/86Sr)i值为0.707 078~0.713 545, εNd(t)为–19.36 ~ –15.12, 位于华夏板块元古代基底和EM1富集地幔之间。这些特征暗示成矿流体的多源性。黄铁矿∑LREE/∑HREE值介于5.53~15.4, 在球粒陨石标准化图中呈明显右倾, δEu值为0.48~0.75, 具有明显的Eu负异常, 与糜棱岩特征相似, 暗示成矿物质主要来自围岩。结合前人年代学研究结果, 推测印支期在混合岩化和韧性剪切作用下, 变质流体将云开群中的成矿物质运移到剪切带中, 使Au初步富集; 燕山期地壳深部华夏板块中—古元古代基底重熔产生的岩浆流体混入少量地幔流体, 为剪切带中成矿物质发生活化迁移提供载体和动力, 并在局部再次富集形成工业矿体。     

Living coccolithophores in the western Pacific Ocean with mesoscale eddies

Living coccolithophores(LCs) are regarded as a group of calcifiers and play important roles in global carbon cycle.This study used microscopic observations of LCs in the western Pacific Ocean to investigate their community structure and biodiversity,especially to test whether local physical traits(mesoscale eddies) could explain their biogeographic distributions during autumn of 2017.The coccolithophore calcite inventory based on carbon-volume transformation was estimated in this study.A total of 28 taxa of coccospheres and 19 types of coccoliths were identified from 161 samples.Gephyrocapsa oceanica was the most predominant species in all the coccolithophore community,followed by Florisphaera profunda,Emiliania huxleyi,Umbilicosphaera sibogae,Gladiolithusflabellatus and Umbellosphaera tenuis.The abundance of coccospheres and coccoliths ranged from 0 to 26.8×10~3 cells/L and from 0 to 138.5×10~3 coccoliths/L,averaged at 4.2×10~3 cells/L and 10.9×10~3 coccoliths/L,respectively.This study indicated that coccolithophore community in the survey area can be clustered into four groups.Three ecological niches of coccolithophores were characterized by their vertical profiles and multivariate statistical analysis.Coccolithophore abundance and species composition were remarkably different among warm-eddy region,G.oceanica dominated warm-eddy region,while F.profunda dominated warm-eddy and none-eddy region.The average values of estimated particulate inorganic carbon,particulate organic carbon were0.197 μg/L and 0.140 μg/L,respectively.The current field study widened the dataset of coccolithophores in western Pacific Ocean.     

Early warning research on salt-alkalization desertification in western Songnen Plain

Desertification is an environmental issue in the world. The salt-alkalization desertification land area formed by both primary and secondary salt-alkalization has extended in a large scale, which has become a significant eco-environmental problem. Based on the characteristics of eco-environment and the situation ofdesertification in western Songnen plain, this paper reports the analyzes of its formation in background and cause. An early warning system on the salt-alkalization desertification is established and the GIS technology is used to abstract the information of desertification evaluation index. Supported by the integrated technology of the GIS and ANN, the orientation and quantitative result of desertification are gained, which is helpful to the eco-environment protection and resource development in western Songnen Plain.     

抓住机遇全面推进湛江开发区建设

本文介绍湛江开发区成立１０周年来取得的巨大成就，分析其存在的主要问题及原因，认为只有始终坚持“一个中心，两个基本点”的方针，订制开发区发展战略目标和规划部署，发展高新技术，才能促进开发区的全面建设。