内蒙古鲁新井田水文地质条件研究

矿产资源开发导致了地下水失衡,地下水失衡又给矿产开发造成了极大的安全隐患,近年来,矿产资源开发与地下水环境保护之间的矛盾愈发凸显。通过对内蒙古鲁新井田典型的水文地质条件进行分析研究,分析采矿导致地下水失衡机理,深入剖析矿井开采充水条件及矿山开发对地下水环境的影响,合理提出了促进矿产开发与地下水保护相互协调的对策建议,为实现"采矿保水"协调统一提供了基础地质依据。为类似地区矿产开发过程中遵循自然规律,趋利避害,保障生产安全,保护地下水环境安全,实现资源绿色开发有较好的指导借鉴作用。     

Fuzzy Optimization Neural Network Approach for Ice Forecast in the Inner Mongolia Reach of the Yellow River/Approche d'Optimisation Floue de Réseau de Neurones pour la Prévision de la Glace Dans le Tronçon de Mongolie Intérieure du Fleuve Jaune

Abstract

In ice forecasting, a key problem is the forecast of freeze-up and break-up dates. Ice-water mechanics and the principle of heat-exchange were mainly adopted in previous research. However, the mathematical models in these studies are complex and many parameters are required in relation to upstream and/or downstream gauging stations. Moreover, too many assumptions or simplifications for these parameters and constraints directly lead to low accuracy of the models and limitations as to their practical applications. This paper develops a fuzzy optimization neural network approach for the forecast of freeze-up date and break-up date. The Inner Mongolia reach lies in the top north of the Yellow River, China. Almost every year ice floods occur because of its special geographical location, hydrometeorological conditions and river course characteristics. Therefore, it is of particular importance for ice flood prevention to forecast freeze-up date and break-up date accurately. A case study in this region shows that the proposed methodology may allow obtaining useful results.     

新变种矿物——铌铁锐钛矿及其共生矿物钕易解石

铌铁锐钛矿是含铌、铁的锐钛矿变种。呈土黄色、褐棕色,板状或土粒状。反射率589nm,15.9％,显微硬度H_v=275.9kg/mm~2。计算比重4.4g/cm~3。主要化学成分Nb_2O_534.92—44.3％,TiO_2 29.38—37.58％,Fe_2O_3 14.94—17.19％。化学式:(Ti_(0.44)Nb_(0.31)Fe_(0.25))_(1.00)O_2X射线分析表明该矿物属四方晶系,α=3.828±0.002,c=9.682±0.009,空间群I4_1/amd,Z=4。 共生矿物钕易解石,深红色者变生现象轻微;浅黄色钕易解石与铌铁锐钛矿可能形成于稍晚、较低温度条件下的矿化过程。     

内蒙古中部二叠纪碱性花岗岩及其地球动力学意义

西伯利亚板块南缘白音乌拉－东乌珠穆沁旗带的碱性花岗岩（Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ年龄２７６－２８６Ｍａ）生成于张性的构造环境，较西伯亚板块同中朝板块之间晚泥盆世－早石炭世的碰撞事件晚约６０Ｍａ，属于造山后的Ａ型花岗岩，可作为造山作用结束的标志。但在中朝板块北缘晚石炭世－二叠纪只发育钙碱性的晚造山花岗岩，直到三叠纪才出现碱性正长岩。相邻两大板块边缘之间岩浆活动的非对称性可能是受板块间面积和质量差别的制约。     

内蒙古乌拉山金矿带中大桦背花岗岩与金矿床成因联系探讨

乌拉山金矿带大体背花岗岩成因属陆壳（改造）重熔型。花岗岩在成矿作用中的贡献，不仅能直接提供矿源，而且更重要的是间接提供矿源，花岗岩与金矿床在成因上、空间上、时间上有着密切联系，是形成（花岗岩）与被形成（矿床）的关系。指明乌拉山金矿具有三位一体成矿地质条件，即大古代变质岩系是金等成矿元素的提供者──—成矿基础，中生代构造──—岩浆活动是金等成矿元素的地质营力──—关键成矿作用，随之而进行的是金沿着构造裂隙（与之配套的断裂构造）集中、沉淀的成矿作用。     

内蒙古苏尼特左旗交其尔推覆构造带的发现及其地质意义

内蒙古苏尼特左旗中部交其尔一带发现一条近ＥＷ向延伸的推覆构造带。上元古界－下古生界浅变质岩以低角度向北推覆于晚古生代花岗岩基之上．推覆构造上盘的浅变质岩中发育有一套轴面向南倾的同斜倒转褶皱系，并伴有一系列向南倾的叠瓦状逆冲断面。下盘花岗岩中发育有较宽的糜棱岩带．沿推覆构造带分布有一系列的飞来峰及构造窗。这一构造带的发现，为纬向构造带的存在提供了有力证据，并显示了晚古生代末期以来地壳沿经线方向的强烈缩短。     

南丹铁陨石物态方程用于地核的研究

从南丹铁陨石的物态方程和地球的PREM模型出发,求得内外地核交界面处的物质密度为12.83-13.419/cm~3,温度为5440-5680K;地心处物质密度为13.12-13.73g/cm~3,温度为5660-5990K,推估内地核可能由铁镍合金组成.     

内蒙甲生盘层控硫铅锌矿床汞的岩石地球化学特征

本文以526个岩石样品的Hg、Zn测定及闪锌矿单矿物Hg的热释温度测定为基础,探讨了甲生盘层控硫铅锌矿床Hg的岩石地球化学异常特征,提出了以Hg×100/Zn为指标研究成矿后侵入体的热力对Hg的驱赶作用的可能性。从岩体向外250m的距离内,该比值逐渐从2升高到7。原生Hg异常的研究有利于解释该地壤中汞气异常的形成。已经证实,壤中汞气测量对寻找这类矿床是有效的。     

Characteristics of seasonal and spatial variations of primary production over the southeastern Bering Sea shelf

In situ primary production data collected during 1978–1981 period and 1997–2000 period were combined to improve understanding of seasonal and spatial distribution of primary production in the southeastern Bering Sea. Mean daily primary production rates showed an apparent seasonal cycle with high rates in May and low rates in summer over the entire shelf of the southeastern Bering Sea except for oceanic region due to lack of data. There was also an increasing trend of primary production rates in the fall over the inner shelf and the middle shelf. There was a decreasing trend of primary production rates between late April and mid-May over the inner shelf while there was an abrupt increase between late April and mid-May over the middle shelf and the outer shelf. In the shelf break region, there was an increasing pattern in late May. These suggest that there was a gradual progression of the development of the spring phytoplankton bloom from the inner shelf toward the shelf break region. There was also a latitudinal variability of primary production rate over the middle shelf, probably due to either spatial variations of the seasonal advance and retreat of sea ice or horizontal advection of saline water in the bottom layer. Annual rates of primary production across the southeastern Bering Sea shelf were 121, 150, 145, 110, and 84 g C m⁻² yr⁻¹ in the inner shelf, the middle shelf, the outer shelf, the shelf break, and oceanic region, respectively. High annual rates of primary production over the inner shelf can be attributed to continuous summer production based on regenerated nitrogen and/or a continuous supply of nitrogen at the inner front region, and to fall production. There were some possibilities of underestimation of annual primary production over the entire shelf due to lack of measurement in early spring and fall, which may be more apparent over the shelf break and oceanic region than the inner shelf, the middle, and the outer shelf. This study suggests that the response of primary production by climate change in the southeastern Bering Sea shelf can be misunderstood without proper temporal and seasonal measurement.