Studies of multiple stellar systems – III. Modulation of orbital elements in the triple-lined system HD 109648

The triple-lined spectroscopic triple system HD 109648 has one of the shortest periods known for the outer orbit in a late-type triple, 120.5 d, and the ratio between the periods of the outer and the inner orbits is small, 22:1. With such extreme values, this system should show orbital element variations over a time-scale of about a decade. We have monitored the radial velocities of HD 109648 with the CfA Digital Speedometers for 8 yr, and have found evidence for modulation of some orbital elements. While we see no definite evidence for modulation of the inner binary eccentricity, we clearly observe variations in the inner and the outer longitudes of periastron, and in the radial velocity amplitudes of the three components. The observational results, combined with numerical simulations, allow us to put constraints on the orientation of the orbits.     

The time-scale of escape from star clusters

In this paper a cluster is modelled as a smooth potential (due to the cluster stars) plus the steady tidal field of the Galaxy. In this model there is a minimum energy below which stars cannot escape. Above this energy, however, the time-scale on which a star escapes varies with the orbital parameters of the star (mainly its energy) in a way which we attempt to quantify, with both theoretical arguments and computer simulations. Within the limitations of the model we show that the time-scale is long enough to complicate the interpretation of full N -body simulations of clusters, and that stars above the escape energy may remain bound to the cluster for about a Hubble time.     

刚性承压板下深部岩体压缩蠕变参数反演

为获得岩体深部的压缩蠕变力学参数,进行了现场刚性承压板中心孔变形试验。推导出了圆形刚性承压板在均布荷载作用下中心孔深部岩体广义Kelvin模型的瞬时弹性变形。基于黏弹性理论,经过拉普拉斯变换和逆变换,进一步得到了黏弹性变形的计算公式。采用了以瞬时弹性模量、黏弹性模量和黏弹性系数为反演值的迭代优化反演法,并将计算公式程序化。该方法应用于一大型水电站坝区边坡工程,有效获得了坝区软弱岩体深部的压缩蠕变力学参数,克服了以往仅以岩体表面位移进行力学参数反演的缺陷。     

甘肃省公路沿线典型地段含盐量对冻胀盐胀特性影响的试验研究

季节冻土区含盐土公路路基在季节性冻胀、盐胀和融沉作用下,发生大量的道路病害,给道路的安全运营带来了严重的隐患。在考察大量现场道路病害的基础上,针对甘肃省季节冻土区公路沿线盐渍化道路病害比较严重的地段,选取几种典型的盐渍土进行室内冻融循环试验来研究它们在周期波动温度条件下冻胀、盐胀和融沉特性,进一步探讨盐渍土地区道路病害产生的机制。试验结果发现,含盐量对路基土冻胀、融沉和盐胀等变形过程有明显的影响,不同的含盐量路基土膨胀机制不同。含盐量较高的土体,变形主要由盐胀引起,没有明显的融沉变形;含盐量较低的路基土,变形主要由冻胀和融沉引起,可能存在盐胀;对于无盐但冻胀敏感性路基土,其变形主要由冻胀和融沉引起。另外,开放系统下盐渍土反复冻融循环后含水率重新分布,含水率普遍增加,且形成了两端含水率高、中间低的现象。     

基于界面元法的向家坝重力坝深层抗滑稳定分析

重力坝的深层抗滑稳定分析多采用刚体极限平衡分析方法和非线性有限元法,但通常的刚体极限平衡法不能反映坝基岩体渐近失稳过程和破坏的力学机制,非线性有限元法则难以解决坝基中软弱结构面位移不连续问题。结合向家坝工程,建立了泄④坝段的计算模型,采用界面元法进行了大坝深层抗滑稳定分析,给出了坝基中破坏区的范围和分布,以及坝基的渐进破坏过程和可能滑体的抗滑稳定安全系数等成果,为坝基处理措施提供了重要的技术参考依据。研究结果表明,所建立的分析方法可以自然描述坝基岩体各种介质的错动、张开和滑移等不连续变形的特征,可用于重力坝坝基的深层抗滑稳定 分析。     

广州飞碟训练中心高边坡稳定性分析

以广州飞碟训练中心人工高边坡工程为背景,讨论了人工高边坡设计中的若干关键技术问题,介绍了边坡设计方案。基于相同物理模型和边界条件,先后运用不同极限平衡理论分析该高边坡稳定性,分析了不同极限平衡法计算结果的差异和原因,以及极限平衡法在边坡计算中的限制。运用有限元强度折减法进行相同条件下的计算,并对不考虑锚索加固和考虑锚索加固的边坡计算结果进行比较,分析边坡变形特征和破坏机制,指出有限元折减强度法的优势。     

近地小行星(10302) 1989 ML和(4660) Nereus的轨道特征及演化分析

近地小行星(10302) 1989 ML和(4660) Nereus作为下一代深空探测的候选目标一直备受关注. 在考虑太阳系主要天体的动力学背景下, 通过计算最大Lyapunov指数(MLE)及MEGNO (Mean Exponential Growth factor of Nearby Orbits)指数讨论它们的稳定性. 同时, 对每个小行星, 在其观测误差范围内按多元正态分布各选取1000个克隆粒子, 通过统计分析显示这两个小行星在10万年内可能的运动范围, 给出半长径-偏心率空间中的出现次数分布图, 并统计小行星与地球或其他大行星之间的密近交汇及碰撞的概率. 此外还对这两个小行星的标称轨道进行长期共振、Kozai共振及平运动共振的动力学分析. 综上得出结论, 1989 ML处在平运动共振主导的区域, 发生密近交汇的概率较小, 从而其轨道相对较稳定; 而Nereus处在地球的密近交汇区域, 轨道极不稳定.     

Hansen系数递推的效率

探讨了偏心率函数的递推方法的效率, 给出了一种成批递推方法, 其计算效率明显优于直接计算方法, 而且递推是正向的. 采用该成批递推方法递推时, 偏心率函数的量级从小到大变化, 可以保证递推的精度.     

Performance of displacement finite elements for modelling incompressible materials

It is well established that severe numerical difficulties may arise when the displacement finite element method is used to analyse the behaviour of incompressible solids and this is particularly true for axisymmetric problems. These numerical difficulties are caused by excessive kinematic constraints and are reflected by strong oscillations in the calculated stress distribution and overestimations of collapse loads. The purpose of this paper is to present new displacement finite element formulations which are particularly suitable for axisymmetric analysis of incompressible materials. A direct comparison is made of the performance of various displacement finite elements in the analysis of elastic or plastic incompressible materials under axisymmetric loading conditions. Particular attention is focused on the performance of various axisymmetric displacement elements in predicting the stress field of incompressible or nearly incompressible materials. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Orbital elements of Minor Planets

Orbital elements of the numbered minor planets 4209 - Briggs, 5177 - Hugowolf and preliminary orbital elements of the unnumbered minor planets 1988 RL4, 1989 CE8 and 1989 DJ are given.