全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1426篇 |
免费 | 470篇 |
国内免费 | 1101篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 32篇 |
大气科学 | 2357篇 |
地球物理 | 120篇 |
地质学 | 111篇 |
海洋学 | 72篇 |
天文学 | 24篇 |
综合类 | 101篇 |
自然地理 | 180篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 19篇 |
2023年 | 39篇 |
2022年 | 70篇 |
2021年 | 79篇 |
2020年 | 91篇 |
2019年 | 112篇 |
2018年 | 84篇 |
2017年 | 82篇 |
2016年 | 67篇 |
2015年 | 94篇 |
2014年 | 160篇 |
2013年 | 156篇 |
2012年 | 169篇 |
2011年 | 161篇 |
2010年 | 136篇 |
2009年 | 157篇 |
2008年 | 140篇 |
2007年 | 202篇 |
2006年 | 164篇 |
2005年 | 147篇 |
2004年 | 116篇 |
2003年 | 93篇 |
2002年 | 66篇 |
2001年 | 75篇 |
2000年 | 49篇 |
1999年 | 38篇 |
1998年 | 34篇 |
1997年 | 38篇 |
1996年 | 29篇 |
1995年 | 22篇 |
1994年 | 34篇 |
1993年 | 15篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 23篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2997条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Leiming Ma 《地球科学进展》1986,35(6):551-560
Numerical weather prediction, which is the major basis of current weather forecast, has some shortcomings, such as the understanding of the law of atmospheric motion, the assimilation and application of observation data, the expression of model physics, etc., leading to the forecast error of weather. The rapid development of artificial intelligence technology in recent years provides a new possibility for the advancement and innovation of weather forecast. In this paper, the background of the development of artificial intelligence, the current situation of the application of artificial intelligence technology to weather forecast and the future development trend are mainly described to account for this possibility. After that, the idea for development of weather forecast technology based on the integration of artificial intelligence and numerical forecast is put forward. Particularly, this study stresses that, in order to advance the AI algorithm of weather forecast in the future, it is requested to focus on the nonlinear and chaotic characteristics of atmospheric motion leading to the uncertainty of forecast. Starting from the essence of mathematics and physics, we need to realize the hybrid modeling of mathematics and physics, not only to establish the framework of input-output mapping, but also to provide solutions to the bottleneck problems of weather forecast. 相似文献
92.
The characteristics of simulated air flow over Andaman Islands are studied with a two-dimensional version of the University
of Virginia meso scale model (UVMM). Using the observed synoptic data as initial conditions, 24 hr simulations are obtained
for a day each in April and November. These days are chosen to study the variations in the simulated flow pattern under different
synoptic conditions including precipitation effects. A large scale condensation scheme is employed to consider the effect
of latent heat release on the perturbations. The results show that the latent heat released by condensation strengthens the
intensity of perturbations and the topography accelerates the arrival of sea breeze by about an hour. The model-simulated
results, given in graphical form, are discussed and compared with available observations. 相似文献
93.
A large sample of summertime data from the McGill Radar Weather Observatory was analyzed to determine the variation with altitude
of the horizontal extent of individual rainshowers. For echoes defined by a reflectivity factor of 39 dBz (equivalent to a
rainfall rate of about 10 mm/h) it was found that the mean area of the total population of echoes decreases linearly with
altitude from approximately 20 km2 at 2 km to 11 km2 at 8 km. Subsets of the total population were investigated, consisting of only the echoes penetrating the altitudes of 6,
7, and 8 km. On the average these relatively tall echoes are much greater in horizontal extent than the total population.
Whereas the sizes of the total population of echoes at any altitude are distributed approximately exponentially in terms of
the square root of area, the sizes of the “survivors” that extend to high altitudes may be described by the gamma distribution
with a mean value decreasing approximately linearly with height above 3 km and a dispersion of 0.55. Some characteristics
are also reported for echoes defined by reflectivities of 31 dBz and 47 dBz. Estimates are given of the fraction of the total
area in a horizontal plane that contains echoes in each of these categories. 相似文献
94.
A large sample of radar reflectivity data from essentially a full summer of operation was analyzed to determine the horizontal
extents and internal structure of rain areas observed at altitude levels from 2 to 10 km. Results are given on the size distributions
of individual cells or patches defined by reflectivity thresholds approximately 4 dBz apart, on the dependence of mean size
on altitude and reflectivity threshold, and on the interior structure of the patches as characterized by the number and sizes
of higher-threshold patches contained in each echo. In a more detailed analysis of internal structure, the data were restricted
to convective echoes in which certain prescribed reflectivities, ranging from about 30 to 50 dBz, were exceeded. It was found
that the dependence of mean quantities, such as patch area, on reflectivity and altitude could be approximately described
by simple functions, but that the scatter of observations about the mean was usually large. 相似文献
95.
浅谈自动气象站的防雷设计要点 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
运用当代防雷领域中的有关理论,对自动气象站容易遭受雷击的原因和途径进行分析,提出了自动气象站的防雷设计要点。 相似文献
96.
天气雷达的发展大致经历了4个阶段,其主要用于监测强对流天气、定量估计降水,是气象部门的重要探测和监测手段之一。新一代天气雷达观测的实时回波强度(Z)、径向风速(V)、速度谱宽(W)的回波图像中,提供了丰富的有关强对流天气的信息,综合使用Z、V、W的图像分析,有利于较准确和及时地监测灾害性天气。云南滑坡泥石流灾害高发区与云南暴雨中心有很好的对应关系,云南滑坡泥石流灾害空间分布与暴雨空间分布的空间相关系数为0.19,通过了0.05的显著性水平检验,也进一步说明云南暴雨在滑坡泥石流灾害发生中起着重要作用。以2004年7月5日德宏州特大山洪泥石流灾害为例子,探讨了新一代天气雷达在泥石流灾害的临阵预警中的应用。 相似文献
97.
S. Abhilash Someshwar Das S. R. Kalsi M. Das Gupta K. Mohankumar John P. George S. K. Banerjee S. B. Thampi D. Pradhan 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2007,164(8-9):1491-1509
Pre-monsoon rainfall around Kolkata (northeastern part of India) is mostly of convective origin as 80% of the seasonal rainfall
is produced by Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCS). Accurate prediction of the intensity and structure of these convective
cloud clusters becomes challenging, mostly because the convective clouds within these clusters are short lived and the inaccuracy
in the models initial state to represent the mesoscale details of the true atmospheric state. Besides the role in observing
the internal structure of the precipitating systems, Doppler Weather Radar (DWR) provides an important data source for mesoscale
and microscale weather analysis and forecasting. An attempt has been made to initialize the storm-scale numerical model using
retrieved wind fields from single Doppler radar. In the present study, Doppler wind velocities from the Kolkata Doppler weather
radar are assimilated into a mesoscale model, MM5 model using the three-dimensional variational data assimilation (3DVAR)
system for the prediction of intense convective events that occurred during 0600 UTC on 5 May and 0000 UTC on 7 May, 2005.
In order to evaluate the impact of the DWR wind data in simulating these severe storms, three experiments were carried out.
The results show that assimilation of Doppler radar wind data has a positive impact on the prediction of intensity, organization
and propagation of rain bands associated with these mesoscale convective systems. The assimilation system has to be modified
further to incorporate the radar reflectivity data so that simulation of the microphysical and thermodynamic structure of
these convective storms can be improved. 相似文献
98.
多部多普勒雷达同步探测三维风场反演系统 总被引:18,自引:5,他引:18
“我国重大气候和天气灾害的形成机理与预测理论研究”项目首次启用双多普勒雷达组网同步观测,如何从同步观测的暴雨资料中反演三维场,具有重要的理论和现实意义,根据项目需要,建立了国内首套多部多普勒天气雷达同步探测三维风场反演软件系统,并反演出2001年7月13日由双多普勒雷达同步观测到的一个中β尺度暴雨系统的三维风场,结果显示,该三维风场结构合理,系统能满足外场试验的要求。 相似文献
99.
100.
烟台海域海难事故气象条件分析及预防对策 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
通过对1990-1999年烟台辖区海域海难事故资料及烟台海区相关气象资料统计分析,得出烟台沿海及附近海域难事故发生的一般规律及其与气象的关系,并提出了海难事故的预防对策。 相似文献