黔东南地区金矿遥感弱信息自动提取技术研究

笔者以TM多光谱遥感数据为数据源,利用MPH矿化弱信息定量化提取技术,在植被土被覆盖严重、地质条件复杂的黔东南地区进行金矿遥感找矿试验研究,获得了良好的效果。本文主要介绍使用MPH技术的参数和方法流程及其处理的结果。     

Improved First-Order Approximation of Group Velocities in Weakly Anisotropic Media

A first-order approximation of the group velocity is derived for qP and qS waves in weakly anisotropic media. The formula gives an explicit expression of the group velocity in terms of elastic parameters and wave normal and is independent of any reference isotropic media. The approximated group velocity differs from the first order phase velocity in direction and in magnitude, the difference being of the first order in direction and the second order in magnitude. The accuracy of the approximate formula is tested on two examples of TI media. The formula well approximates the qS-waves group velocity surface even in the presence of triplications.     

煤系高岭石—醋酸钾复合体的热行为

用煤系高岭石与醋酸钾合成夹层复合体，并利用热分析（TA）、红外光谱（IR）和X射线衍射（XRD）等手段研究其热行为特征。夹层复合体在低于300℃左右的条件下相当稳定，当温度进一步升高，夹在高岭石层间的醋酸钾就会发生熔化，在此阶段脱羟基作用发生。复合体脱羟基所需的温度比纯高岭石发生同样作用所需的温度要低得多。红外光谱研究发现，高岭石复合体中不同性质羟基团的脱羟基作用的发生遵循着一个固定的顺序。     

临汾盆地弱震活动特征初探

本文从临汾台网记录到的地震观测资料入手，对临汾盆地近１０年的地震活动从弱震活动的基本特征，３．０级以上地震的活动特点，候马４．８级地震震例分析等方面进行了初步的探讨，从而对临汾盆地未来几年的地震活动趋势有所判断。     

The mechanism of small mining tremors from amplitude inversion

A method of inverting seismic wave amplitudes from mining tremors is proposed to reveal their mechanism. A simple shear-implosive model of a mechanism is proposed. The shapes of theoretical and observed radiation patterns are compared in the least squares norm and the parameters describing the shear-slip together with the ratio of implosive and shear dislocations are optimized. The efficiency of the method, even in the case of a small number of stations, is demonstrated by applying it to weak mining tremors from two mine regions in Czechoslovakia.The weak mining tremors are found to be of a predominantly shear mechanism with a clear coincidence of nodal planes to local tectonics, which could imply their tectonic nature.     

Latent and sensible heat fluxes under active and weak phases of the summer monsoon of 1986

An analysis of the meteorological data collected by the research vessel ORV Sagarkanya for the mean latent and sensible heat fluxes over the Arabian Sea has indicated appreciable changes between active and weak phases of the southwest monsoon of 1986. We suggest that: (a) the presence of a core of low level winds associated with the Somali jet and its southward shift during the season, along with (b) a ridge in surface pressure over the central Arabian Sea could be responsible for the deficit in monsoon rainfall along the west coast of India in 1986.     

用交流电阻率法探测煤矿导(含)水构造

分析了煤矿井下地球物理场的特殊性,指出电阻率法的频率域测量方法具有压制工业干扰能力强、克服电极接地条件差的优点,适用于煤矿井下作业环境的需求。煤矿井下实际探测结果说明,交流电阻率法在三维空间内异常定位准确,适用于煤层是否存有导(含)水构造的采前探测。     

软弱岩体钻孔变形测试研究

介绍了在软弱岩体中静荷载测试中钻孔弹模计法的原理和方法,并将该法运用到现场,得到了软弱岩体的压力变形的两种特殊形式。现场结果表明,该方法是对软弱岩体测试的一种比较好的方法。     

东亚夏季风强弱年物理量的逐候变化及其对松嫩流域降水的影响

用施能定义的东亚夏季风指数,分别找出典型夏季风强弱年1961和1980年,分析水平风速、假相当位温、高度等的逐候变化特征与盛夏季节松嫩流域逐候降水量的关系。分析表明:东亚夏季风强弱对松嫩流域盛夏降水量有显著影响。在强夏季风年,较大的南风、较高的假相当位温、较深的东亚大槽使降水持续偏多。同时还发现,无论夏季风强弱,假相当位温高值总是与多降水相联系。     

拱坝坝基加固的三维数值模拟

天然的坝基中总是存在不同程度的地质缺陷,坝基的加固处理是大坝建设的重要内容.应用三维有限元数值模拟方法,采用模拟岩石体渐进破坏过程的超载法和强度折减法,对含软弱夹层的拱坝坝基在加固前后的安全度给出了定量的结果,对加固措施的效果作出了定量的评价,并根据计算对比分析对加固设计进行细部优化,使其达到最佳效果,可为坝基加固处理设计提供直接依据.研究表明,通过采用有限元数值模拟方法,对坝基岩石体的安全性可以定量地做出评价,具有明显的优越性.