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111.
112.
In this paper, the process of oasis-desert circulation (ODC) is simulated by MM5V3.5 model through designing an ideal oasis-desert scheme and assuming that initial atmosphere is at rest (V = 0). The findings showed that the key of forming special oasis boundary structure is the difference of energy and water between oasis and desert. The evaporation of oasis surface consumes heat energy, and the low temperature of oasis causes an oasis breeze circulation (OBC), which drives an ODC with a downdraft over the oasis and an updraft over the desert. Later, the cold, dry and stable boundary over oasis is gradually formed, on the contrary,the atmospheric boundary over desert on the edge of oasis is hot, humid and unstable and its height is about 600 hPa. The updraft over the desert forms a wet ring that acts as a vertical wall weakening the low-level moisture exchange between the oasis and desert. The downdraft of OBC increases the atmospheric stability that reduces the oasis evaporation. The low-level outflow from the oasis (into the desert) prevents the dry, hot air flowing from the desert into the oasis.Thus an oasis self-preservation mechanism may be formed due to OBC. The horizontal area influenced by oasis is twice as oasis area and the vertical range is four times as oasis. The ODC is strong in the daytime and reaches the strongest at 17:00, and the influenced area is the largest at 20:00. 相似文献
113.
This paper presents a model for the analysis of the diffraction of plane waves at a cavity in an infinite homogeneous linear elastic medium supported by a segmented lining. An elastic boundary layer is introduced between the cavity lining and the infinite medium. The boundary layer is simulated by ‘elastic boundary conditions’ in which the stress is proportional to the relative displacement of the lining and of the surrounding medium boundary. A closed‐form analytical solution of the problem was obtained using the Fourier–Bessel series, the convergence of which was proven. It was shown that the number of series terms required to obtain a desired level of accuracy can be determined in advance. Using amplitude–frequency response analysis it was shown that the boundary layer produces additional ‘pseudo‐resonance’ frequencies that depend on the layer properties. These frequencies are almost identical to the eigenvalues obtained from the simple analysis of a segmented elastically supported lining. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
114.
Cryogenic structure (patterns made by ice inclusions) in seasonally frozen and permafrost-af-fected soils result from ice formation during freezing. Analysis of cryogenic structures in soils is essential to our understanding of the cryogenic processes in soils and to formulating land use management interpretations. When soils freeze, the freezing front moves downward and attracts water moving upward resulting in mainly horizontal lenticular ice formation. Platy and lenticular soil structures form between ice lenses in upper active layer. The reticular soil structure usually forms above the permafrost table caused by freeze-back of the permafrost. The upward freeze-back resulted in platy soil structure and the volume changes following the annual freeze-thaw cycle resulted in vertical cracks. The combined result is an ice-net formation with mineral soils embedded in the ice net. The upper permafrost layer that used to be a part of the active layer has an ice content exceeding 50% due to repeated freeze-thaw cycles over time. The mineral soils appear in blocks embedded in an ice matrix. The permafrost layer that never experienced the freeze-thaw cycle often consists of alternate layers of thin ice lens and frozen soils with extreme hard consistence and has relatively lower ice content than the ice-rich layer of the upper permafrost. Ice contents and thaw settling potentials associated with each cryogenic structure should be considered in engineering and land use interpretations. 相似文献
115.
周立涛 《南京气象学院学报》2004,27(1):128-130
弱逼近元在完备格中有许多重要的性质,对于刻划连续格、完全分配格起着重要的作用。在Domain中引入弱逼近元的概念,研究了弱逼近元的一个重要性质,从而得到连续Domain的一个充要条件。最后,以Scott开滤子为基础,得到了连续Domain的一个刻划定理。 相似文献
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117.
某滑坡软弱夹层抗剪强度取值方法的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
文章主要针对软弱夹层抗剪强度取值所存在的争议,通过对贵州新街子滑坡的软弱夹层分别选择比例极限、屈服极限及峰值作为剪应力值,采用最小二乘法获得比例抗剪强度、屈服抗剪强度和峰值抗剪强度。以参数选取中应用较为成熟的反分析方法推求力学性质参数c、φ值作为判据对以上3种参数进行比较。计算结果表明:本滑坡软弱夹层中由于含泥量较大,而且粘塑性较强,屈服抗剪强度和反分析得到的抗剪强度偏差最小,比例抗剪强度偏差最大,峰值抗剪强度居中。并以此3种抗剪强度进行天然状态下滑坡稳定性验算,结果表明选用比例极限抗剪强度与当前滑坡的地质现象不符,选用峰值极限抗剪强度安全储备较低,而选取屈服极限抗剪强度最为合理。用此参数进行设计,滑坡已经得到了良好的治理。在取值研究中认为采用试验与反分析相结合的方法确定滑坡稳定性计算参数是比较合理的。以上结论为滑坡中软弱夹层抗剪强度取值的选择提供了重要的依据。 相似文献
118.
119.
基于分层的面状地图符号设计 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
根据面状符号的结构特征和实现机制 ,提出了基于分层的面状地图符号设计方法 ,把面状符号分为若干层 ,每层采用一种填充方式 ,并在基于VC 的Cartosymbol软件中实现。结果表明 ,该方法既便于地理现象的表达 ,又便于计算机实现。 相似文献
120.
Inversion for elastic parameters in weakly anisotropic media 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Xuyao Zheng 《Geophysical Journal International》2004,159(3):1077-1089