空间数据挖掘在海域天然气水合物资源评价中的应用

海域天然气水合物早期勘探阶段多使用地震调查方法,利用BSR和速度异常等指标圈定水合物矿体进行资源评价、优选预测勘探目标。阐明了空间数据挖掘技术在天然气水合物早期勘探评价阶段的应用,并通过珠江口盆地东部海域多道地震速度分析中所获速度异常信息,应用核密度估计方法,定量地划分了2个天然气水合物有利分布区(面积分别为18 km2和70 km2),进而为后期天然气水合物试采生产提供了重要依据及基础数据。     

兴海6．6级地震灾害调查与损失评估

2000年9月12日青海省兴海县发生6．6级地震，青海省地震局为本次地震进行了地震灾害调查和损失评估。     

An open source GIS‐based Planning Support System: Application to the land use plan of La Troncal,Ecuador

Planning Support Systems (PSS) comprise a wide variety of geo‐technological tools related to GIS and spatial modeling aimed at addressing land planning processes. This article describes the OpenRules system, a PSS based on a previous system called RULES. Among OpenRules new features are its architecture, based exclusively on free and open source software, and its applicability to all land use types, including rural and urban uses. In addition, OpenRules incorporates an unlimited number of land evaluation factors and a new objective in land use spatial allocation. OpenRules has been programmed in Java and implemented as a module of the free GIS software gvSIG, with full integration between the GIS and the decision support tools. Decision support tools include multicriteria evaluation, multiobjective linear programming and heuristic techniques, which support three basic stages of land use planning processes, namely land suitability evaluation, land use area optimization and land use spatial allocation. The application of OpenRules to the region of La Troncal, Ecuador, demonstrates its capability to generate alternative and coherent solutions through a scientific and justified procedure at low cost in terms of time and resources.     

GeoEye-1立体像对在公路勘测中的应用研究

高分辨率遥感影像获取公路沿线空间地理信息速度快、信息丰富,其立体像对可定位测图。对基于0.5 m分辨率GeoEye-1立体像对在公路勘测中的应用技术进行了研究,给出了利用GeoEye-1立体模型制作公路数字高程模型和大比例尺测图的流程,采用GPSRTK布设地面控制点,通过空三平差消除RPC模型系统误差,实验结果表明可提高GeoEye-1立体像对定位测量精度。对GeoEye-1立体像对在公路勘测设计中的产品类型和应用模式进行了探讨和展望。     

AN EVALUATION OF SEVERAL TURBULENCE SCHEMES FOR THE PREDICTION OF MEAN AND TURBULENT FIELDS IN COMPLEX TERRAIN

A prognostic three-dimensional mesoscale model has been developed andused in one- and two-dimensional modes to evaluate ten local turbulenceclosure schemes. The schemes ranged from first-order to the two-equationprognostic schemes. Predictions by the models were compared for aone-dimensional convective boundary layer using mixed layer scaling andmeasurements to interpret the results. Two-dimensional simulations were alsoperformed for a sea-breeze flow and for flow over a hill. The results showedthat for all of the models considered, minor differences were produced in themean meteorological fields and in the vertical scalar fluxes, but majordifferences were apparent in the velocity variances and dissipation rate.Predicted tracer concentrations were very sensitive to the turbulence modelformulation for dispersion from a point source in the convective boundarylayer, particularly for the prediction of maximum concentrations. Predictedtracer concentrations from a surface volume source for the two-dimensionalsimulations were similar for all models, although the degree of mixing in themorning growth period produced some differences. Generally, good results forthe mean meteorological fields can be obtained with first-order schemes, evenif they underpredict the magnitude of turbulence in the convective boundarylayer, and reasonable tracer concentrations can also be obtained with thesemodels provided near-source effects are not important. The two-equationprognostic models performed best for the prediction of turbulence in theconvective boundary layer.     

延庆地震台地电阻率改造影响的分析研究

对延庆地震台地电阻率的观测系统进行改造后的变化特征进行了初步研究,介绍了电极和外线路改造技术环节,并通过改造前后观测资料的对比分析对改造后的观测系统情况进行了评价。     

Application of matter-element model in soil nutrient evaluation of ecological fragile region

On the basis of the soil environment investigation in Da'an City, Jilin Province, China, 40 soil samples from main land use types were obtained and tested by standard method. Soil organic matter (SOM), total N (TN), total P (TP), total K (TK), available N (AN), available P (AP) and available K (AK) were chosen as the evaluation factors. A regional soil nutrient evaluation model was developed based on the matter-element model. The results show that the soil samples with nutrient grade Ⅱ-Ⅴ respectively account for 10%, 30%, 32.5% and 27.5%, and those with grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ account for 60% in all samples. The relationship between soil nutrients and land types indicates that the nutrients of farmland are relatively good, with 41.7% of soil samples with the nutrient grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ. The nutrients of saline-alkali land and sandy land are the worst, with 100% of soil samples with the nutrient grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ. And the ratios of soil samples grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ in grassland and wasteland are respectively 62.5 % and 54.55%. Generally speaking, the soil nutrients status in Da'an City is poor, 60% of soil samples are in poor and extremely poor conditions, indicating that the soil has been severely eroded. Being a relatively superior evaluation method with more accurate resuits and spatial distribution consistency, matter-element analysis is more suitable for regional soil nutrient evaluation than previous models.     

四川盆地新场气田须家河组二段储层评价

新场气田位于四川盆地西部,是川西地区主力气田之一。通过对该区多口井的岩石学以及电性、物性特征进行分析研究,认为须家河二段储层岩石类型复杂,储集空间类型多样,储层平均孔隙度3.17%,平均渗透率2.78×10-3μm2,为典型的低孔低渗特征,根据气田须二段储层的特点,结合孔渗关系曲线以及含气性等参数,对该区储层进行分类评价,认为Ⅲ类储层是须家河组中主要的储层类型,并对该区天然气有利富集区的平面展布规律进行综合评价。     

探讨建立基于Web的中国南极环境评估系统

本文根据“马德里协议”与ATCM通过的其他相关议案对南极环境管理、监测和环境影响评估的要求,在系统研究澳大利亚南极局自2003年起运行的南极环境评估系统[1]的基础上,探讨如何建立中国南极环境评估系统(Ch inese Antarctic Environm entEvaluation System,CAEES)。该系统在设计中将结合中国南极考察活动的特点、规模、发展战略以及环境保护要求,涵盖一系列静态或动态的南极环境要素数据,同时综合相关学科专家的评估意见。该系统拟采取基于W eb的数据库技术来实现南极环境的实时动态评估以及中国南极环境状况报告(Ch inese Ant-arctic Environm ental Report,CAER)的自动生成。     

鄂尔多斯盆地地温场与烃源岩演化特点

通过对鄂尔多斯盆地地壳结构、岩石热导率和生热率的综合研究，盆地莫霍面现今平均温度为５６８．５℃。各层面地温场展布可归纳为三种展布形式，分别以莫霍面、中元古界底面和侏罗系底面为代表。对应于生油门限的范围是侏罗系底面（现今平均温度为４５．８℃）－寒武系底面（现今平均温度为１１７．３℃）．生油门限的上界，在盆地西北部为１３００ｍ左右，在盆地南缘为１７００ｍ左右，在盆地东部为１２００ｍ左右．