福建明溪盖洋地区震旦纪火山岩及古火山构造恢复

明溪盖洋地区广泛发育的震旦纪火山岩，均已遭受区域变质，前人多数是从变质岩角度对其作研究，笔者是从火山岩及火山作用角度，在调研变质火山岩岩石宏观与微观特征的同时，着重调查古火山构造，研究不同火山产物空间分布特征，寻找残存的古火山构造形迹，并结合遥感资料信息。初步恢复古火山中心，为研究这一时期火山活动特点乃至南平-宁化构造-岩浆带的演化及古构造环境提供了新的资料。     

Geochemical Characteristics of Volcanic Rocks of the Laochang Ag Polymetallic Deposit,Lancang,Yunnan Province,China

In terms of major element, trace element and REE geochemical characteristics ofvolcanic rocks in the area studied and by making use of the TiO2-K2O-P2O5,The-Hf-Ta and Zr-Nb-Y trianglar diagrams and the environmental discrimination diagrams of incompatible ele-ment distribution pattems,the authors have drawn some conclusions that are different from those by previous workers.It is concluded that volcanic rocks in the Laochang Ag polymetallic deposit at Lancang,Yunnan belong to continental within-plate alkali basalts, and that their geotectonic setting seems to be at the northeastern margin of East Gondwana Land.     

新疆东天山沙泉子地区地球化学特征及找矿预测

新疆东天山沙泉子地区位于雅满苏—沙泉子成矿区的东段 ,地层简单 ,但岩性复杂。受沙泉子深大断裂及沙泉子火山机构共同作用 ,地球化学异常表现为以 Cu- Zn- Ag- Mo为主的内环、以 Pb- Zn(Cu- As- Sb)为主的中环和以 Au或 Au- Ag- As- Sb异常区为主的外环 ,从中心至外围 Cu、Zn等异常强度、规模逐渐减弱 ,Au、As、Sb异常逐渐增强 ,在元素的空间分布上表现出Cu、Zn、Pb、Ag— Pb、Zn、As、Sb(Ag)— Au、As、Sb的元素分带现象。提出沙泉子北、苦水北二处找矿预测远景区 ,有较好的找矿前景     

赣南临江盆地余田群双峰式火山岩的Rb-Sr年代学研究

位于南岭构造岩浆带东段,受三南—寻邬断裂带控制的临江中生代火山沉积盆地内发育一套由玄武岩及流纹质火山岩组成的十分典型的双峰式火山岩组合。对临江地区余田群菖蒲组中存在的双峰式火山岩组合进行了Rb-Sr同位素定年研究,确定其基性端元(玄武岩)和酸性端元(流纹岩)的Rb-Sr等时线年龄分别为(173.7±2.5)Ma和(174.9±3.9)Ma,从而确认余田群菖蒲组双峰式火山岩的形成时代为中侏罗世。这为南岭东段在燕山早期发生的伸展裂解构造事件提供了可信的同位素年龄证据。     

Seismological study on the crustal structure of Tengchong volcanic-geothermal area

Introduction The Tengchong volcanic-geothermal area is located on the northeast edge of the collision zone between Indian and Eurasian plates, and belongs to Eurasian volcanic zone (the MediterraneanHimalayanSoutheast Asia volcanic zone). In Tengchong area, the Quaternary volcanic, geothermal and seismic activities are all intensive. These phenomena have been drawing the attention of many geoscientists in the world. Their studies are concerned with geology, geophysics, geochemistry, and cr…     

The effects of secular disequilibrium on (U-Th)/He systematics and dating of Quaternary volcanic zircon and apatite

The (U-Th)/He dating method applied to U-rich phases such as zircon and apatite has sufficient sensitivity and precision to be of potential use for dating relatively recent geologic events such as volcanic eruptions. However, in phases with crystallization ages less than ∼1 Ma, chemical fractionation within the ²³⁸U decay series may modify the He ingrowth rate, causing He ages computed from the secular equilibrium age equation to be incorrect. The resulting systematic error depends on the [²³⁰Th/²³⁸U] activity ratio of the dated phase when it is erupted, and on the eruption age. Zircons, which exclude Th relative to U, will likely have secular equilibrium He ‘ages’ that underestimate the eruption age by up to a few tens of %, decreasing with increasing eruption age. Apatites tend to accommodate U and Th with little fractionation, so apatite secular equilibrium He ages will be nearly concordant with eruption age. If minerals are erupted immediately after crystallization, the disequilibrium effect can be reasonably accounted for based on Th/U systematics. However, crystals are likely to reside for unknown but potentially long periods in a magma chamber, such that the degree of secular disequilibrium will be reduced prior to the onset of He accumulation. (U-Th)/He analyses of co-genetic phases that fractionate the U/Th ratio differently, like apatite and zircon, can be used to better constrain eruption age, as well as to provide insights into magma chamber residence time. We illustrate this approach with (U-Th)/He analyses of zircons and apatites of the Pleistocene-age Rangitawa Tephra, New Zealand.     

In‐situ gamma‐ray spectrometric study of weathered volcanic rocks in Hong Kong

In‐situ gamma‐ray spectrometry (GRS) measurements were conducted at 35 sites in Hong Kong where volcanic rocks with varying extent of weathering were exposed. Elemental analyses using X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry were carried out on samples collected from these 35 plus 22 other locations to assess the feasibility of using the GRS method to quantify the extent of weathering. The Parker weathering index, varying within a range of 0·0–0·8 for the samples studied, was used as a geochemically based reference scheme for correlating the gamma‐ray spectrometric results with the extent of weathering. For the former 35 sites, the concentrations of the three major radioelements, K, U and Th, determined by in‐situ GRS were compared to laboratory‐determined values from the samples. The study reveals that no significant change occurs to the contents of the three radioelements during the initial state of weathering. But once the rocks become highly weathered, further progression of weathering is accompanied by a systematic removal of K and an increased dispersion of U and Th. The results show that K content, which is indicative of the extent of weathering, can be retrieved reliably with the gamma‐ray spectrometry technique. The study has given support to the potential use of the downhole spectral gamma method for evaluation of weathering grade and the detection of subsurface clay‐rich levels. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

福建戴云山巨型环状体的成因探讨

通过对戴云山巨型环状体西南端上涌地区4幅1：5万区域地质调查，结合区域地质资料综合研究，从火山产物及火山构造空间分布格局分析，初步认为它是以石牛山地区为中心的大型破火山组合群体，其中包括不同时期，不同级别，不同类型的火山构造，是大型破火山经过多期，多旋回，继承性和迁移喷发，同一时期，旋回火山构造多呈同心环状（卫星式）分布，不同时期，旋回火山构造往中心迁移叠置或继承套叠构成巨型环状火山构造面貌。