西天山阿吾拉勒二叠纪陆相长英质火山岩铜银矿矿床模式

通过对西天山二叠纪陆相火山岩及成矿作用的研究,指出铜银矿床与长英质火山岩一石英钠长斑岩有直接关系,并从成矿构造背景、产出地质环境、矿床地质特征等方面总结出二叠纪陆相长英质火山岩铜银矿床矿床模式。     

云南北衙表生金矿形成与保存探讨

通过对云南北衙地区表生金矿形成的地质背景、矿床特征等的研究,重点探讨了其特殊的形成与保存条件。认为北衙地区的表生金矿是“古砂矿”,它的巨大蕴藏量主要得益于其特殊的形成与保存条件：丰富的原生金矿为其提供充足的成矿物质,特别发育的古喀斯特洞穴为“古砂矿”提供了特殊的储存空间,强烈的气液爆破作用形成的热水角砾盖层为其提供了良好的保存条件。     

青藏高原及邻区新生代火山岩Sr-Nd-Pb同位素特征

笔者在综合分析最近十多年来的Sr、Nd、Pb同位素资料基础上,重点研究了青藏高原及邻区新生代火山岩岩浆源区在时空上的变化规律。结果表明：①冈底斯中段火山岩的岩浆源区逐渐从普通地幔向EMⅡ方向演化;西段晚期火山岩源区的演化方向为俯冲带壳幔混合源→造山带上地壳源→下地壳源。②西羌塘岩浆源区主要为不具富集或亏损的幔源物质;囊谦盆地、大理海东火山岩源区较深,为大洋型软流圈地幔 消减组分混合源;藏北羊湖、雄鹰台—鲸鱼湖、西昆仑以及北羌塘巴毛穷宗火山岩的岩浆源区为EMⅡ;鱼鳞山超钾质火山岩为经历了大陆地壳物质强烈交代作用的EMⅡ型岩浆源区;西秦岭火山岩源于亏损地幔,腾冲新生代火山岩源区为受到地壳物质交代的EMⅡ。③西羌塘、可可西里、西昆仑和腾冲新生代火山岩具两种演化趋势——鱼鳞山、普鲁、雄鹰台—鲸鱼湖岩区和腾冲火山群向EMⅡ方向演化,而泉水沟、黑石北湖、阿什库勒则分别沿0Ma的地幔—上地壳混合线方向演化。④青藏高原及邻区新生代火山岩至少存在4种不同的岩浆源区。     

山东昌乐-临朐火山岩流体包裹体成分研究及其意义

山东昌乐-临朐地区火山岩内的橄榄石和辉石中舍有大量的流体包裹体,流体来源于地幔。采用激光拉曼光谱技术对部分火山岩流体包裹体样品进行分析,获得了包裹体中挥发分的成分和相对含量。结果表明,该区岩浆中舍有大量的CO2和水,CO2是气相包裹体中的主要成分。同时在包裹体内存在H2、CO、H2S、CH4等还原性气体,说明流体来源于还原环境。此外,少量低碳烷烃的出现为天然气无机成因提供了证据。     

Size-Resolved Characterisation of Soluble Ions in the Particles in the Tropospheric Plume of Masaya Volcano, Nicaragua: Origins and Plume Processing

We present the first application of a multi-stage impactor to study volcanic particle emissions to the troposphere from Masaya volcano, Nicaragua. Concentrations of soluble SO₄ ^2–,Cl^–, F^–, NO₃ ^–, K⁺, Na⁺,NH₄ ⁺, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ were determined in 11 size bins from 0.07 m to >25.5 m. The near-source size distributions showed major modes at 0.5m (SO₄ ^2–, H⁺,NH₄ ⁺); 0.2 m and 5.0 m (Cl^–) and 2.0–5.0 m(F^–). K⁺ and Na⁺ mirrored the SO₄ ^2– size-resolvedconcentrations closely, suggesting that these were transported primarily asK₂SO₄ and Na₂SO₄ in acidic solution, while Mg²⁺ andCa²⁺ presented modes in both <1 m and >1 m particles. Changes in relative humidity were studied by comparing daytime (transparent plume) and night-time (condensed plume) results. Enhanced particle growth rates were observed in the night-time plume as well as preferential scavenging of soluble gases, such as HCl, by condensed water. Neutralisation of the acidic aerosol by background ammonia was observed at the crater rim and to a greater extent approximately 15 km downwind of the active crater. We report measurements of re-suspended near-source volcanic dust, which may form a component of the plume downwind. Elevated levels ofSO₄ ^2–, Cl^–, F^–,H⁺, Na⁺, K⁺ and Mg²⁺ were observed around the 10 m particle diameter in this dust. The volcanic SO₄ ^2– flux leaving the craterwas 0.07 kg s^–1.     

SHRIMP dating of volcanic rocks from Ningwu area and its geological implications

Preciselydatingofvolcanicrocksisfundamentaltotheunderstandingofthegeologicalevolutionofabasin.However,involcanicrocks,particularlyinthecaseofintermediate-maficrocks,thezirconpopulationsarecomplicatedbecauseofthecommonoccurrenceofinheritance(orcores)and/or…     

五大连池火山区地热显示及开发前景探讨

回顾与总结了三次五大连池火山区的地热普查与测量概况，展示了五大连池地热资源的开发前景。     

Volcanic Eruption Induced Floods. A Rainfall-Runoff Model Applied to the Vesuvian Region (Italy)

Explosive events are commonly accompanied or followed byheavy rains. These eruption-induced storms together with thedeposition of large amounts of ash contribute to destabilise thehydrological cycle in the areas affected by volcanic eruptions.Flooding of the region surrounding the active volcano can easilyfollow, increasing the complexity of the volcanic crisis and itsmanagement. This is particularly true in the case of Vesuvius,that is not only characterized by a dramatic volcanic hazard, butit is also located within an area that is normally prone to flood hazard. A complete assessment of the impact associated with explosive volcaniceruptions should involve a flood hazard assessment for the region.This work represents a first attempt to address the problem: atopographically based rainfall-runoff model was here applied to theVesuvian area where two main sub-basins were analysed. The modelwas applied to evaluate the role of selected parameters on the totaldischarge at the basins' outlet. These parameters were chosen amongthose likely to be affected by an explosive event and were variedthrough a reasonable range. Results confirm that the deposition oflarge amounts of ash can affect the temporal evolution of the dischargeand its maximum value, for a given precipitation event. The simulationspresented outline the need for a detailed flood forecasting study for theVesuvian area, that should be included within the hazard mitigation strategies.     

羌塘赤布张错地区新生代火山岩研究

根据K-Ar同位素年代学研究成果，将赤布张错新生代火山活动划分为3期：第Ⅰ期(40．1～35．1Ma)火山喷发较弱，形成小范围分布的细粒安粗岩和斑状粗面岩；第Ⅱ期(26．5～17．6Ma)火山喷溢最为强烈，形成大面积厚层黑色气孔状安粗岩；第Ⅲ期(5．5～4．61Ma)由潜火山作用形成球粒状、斑状粗面岩岩丘。新生代火山岩系包括高钾钙碱性系列和钾玄岩系列，高钾钙碱性火山岩形成于始新世，属于壳源岩浆系列；钾玄岩系火山岩形成于中新世一上新世，属于幔源岩浆系列。由老到新，岩石系列由高钾钙碱性系列一钾玄岩系列演化，岩性由安粗岩一粗面岩演化。