直立堤前海床的局部冲刷

对不规则波作用下直立堤前海床的局部冲刷进行了研究。研究了由于波浪作用导致床面的底沙运动,从而造成提前海床的局部冲刷,即所谓的“相对粒沙”的情况。报导了;(1)堤前海床面为水平、堤下无基床情况下的堤前局部冲刷,以及堤下有明基床时基床尺度对堤前局部冲刷的影响;(2)堤前海床面为斜坡面时堤前的局部冲刷,以及当堤下有明基床时基床尺度对堤前局部冲刷的影响;(3)从波浪作用下床面边界层的理论分析出发,对于在不规则波作用下,离堤面愈远处的冲刷坑深度愈小的事实给出了解释。     

An analysis of horizontal dispersion due to the drift current with an Ekman layer

An analytical method for describing horizontal matter dispersion in shear currents is presented using a tensor expression from the point of view that matter dispersion due to the shear effect should be one of the principal mixing dilution processes. Although the behavior of horizontal dispersion is considerably more complicated than common longitudinal dispersion, the present study elucidates the vertical structure of dispersion and the dispersing process from the initial to the stationary stage, besides the usual depth-averaged dispersion coefficient at the stationary stage. As one of the typical applications of horizontal dispersion, dispersion due to the pure drift current with an Ekman layer is examined theoretically using the present method. This examination reveals that the displacement of the centroid and the major axis of dispersion are twisted in the vertical direction more than the direction of the current vector forming the Ekman spiral; that the variance increases in proportion to the third power of the elapsed time; and that the dispersion coefficient at the stationary stage remains constant, independent of the depth normalized by an Ekman layer thickness. Such dependence of the dispersion coefficient in the steady current is shown to be different from that in the oscillatory current, which is inversely proportional to the depth normalized by a Stokes layer thickness. This is considered to be induced by the difference of the vertical profiles of the first order moment in both currents, that is, the shear region of the first order moment is restricted around the floor by the alternation of the current shear in the oscillatory current while it is diffused in the whole depth in the steady current.     

Correction of atmospheric effect on ADEOS/OCTS ocean color data: Algorithm description and evaluation of its performance

This paper first describes the atmospheric correction algorithm for OCTS visible band data used at NASDA/EOC. Sharing a basic structure with Gordon and Wang’s Sea WiFS algorithm, it uses 10 candidate aerosol models including the “Asian dust model” introduced in consideration of the unique feature of aerosols over the east Asian waters. Based on the observations at 670 and 865 nm bands, the algorithm selects a pair of aerosol models that account best for the observed spectral reflectances, and synthesizes the aerosol reflectance used for the atmospheric correction. Two different schemes for determining the value of the parameter for the aerosol model selection are presented and their anticipated estimation error is analyzed in terms of retrieved water reflectance at 443 nm. The results of our numerical simulation show that the standard deviation of the estimation error of the “weighted average” scheme is mostly within the permissible level of ±0.002, reducing the error by 18% on average compared to the “simple average” scheme. The paper further discusses the expected error under the old CZCS-type atmospheric correction, which assumes constant aerosol optical properties throughout the given image. Although our algorithm has a better performance than the CZCS algorithm, further analysis shows that the error induced by the assumption taken in the algorithm that the water-leaving radiance at 670 nm band is negligibly small may be large in high pigment concentration waters, indicating the necessity for future improvements.     

香河地区亚微米气溶胶粒子尺度谱分布特征

为了解香河地区气溶胶尺度谱的基本特征,自2012年5月起,利用扫描电迁移率粒径谱仪(SMPS)对河北香河地区的亚微米(13.8~723.4 nm)气溶胶尺度谱分布进行了近2 a的测量。基于该数据集,分析了气溶胶尺度谱的季节变化和日变化特征及气象要素对气溶胶浓度的影响。结果发现,观测期间埃根核模态(20.0~100.0 nm)、积聚模态(100.0~723.4 nm),以及总的气溶胶数浓度、表面积浓度和体积浓度均值分别为7.0×103cm~(-3)、7.5×103cm~(-3)、14.9×103cm~(-3)、1125μm2·cm~(-3)和50μm~3·cm~(-3)。香河地区积聚模态的粒子数浓度接近华北地区其他污染测站的结果,但高于发达国家的测值。冬季气溶胶的平均浓度最高(18.1×10~3cm~(-3)),而春季最低(12.3×10~3cm~(-3))。不同季节,气溶胶的数谱分布主要为单峰分布,平均峰值直径约为105 nm。气溶胶浓度的日变化受机动车排放的影响显著,存在早晚两个高值中心,分别出现在早上的06:00—09:00和晚上的19:00—21:00。风速、风向对气溶胶数浓度的影响较大,低风速(2 m/s)和南风条件,尤其是吹西南风时,气溶胶浓度的增加显著。     

纸房地区晚古生代海相火山岩组合特征及构造环境

纸房地区位于准噶尔东北晚古生代沟－弧－盆系和准噶尔南陆缘活动带。晚古生代海相火山岩相岩石组合较复杂。在晚古生代岛弧带、弧前海沟带、弧后盆地或陆缘活动带等构造环境下发育有不同的火山岩组合     

中国东部含金矽卡岩矿床分布规律 与深部地球物理背景研究

在收集整理中国大陆上十几条地学断面、数十条地震剖面、大地电磁剖面、地壳上地幔剪切波资料的基础上,对含金矽卡岩矿床的深部地球物理背景进行了深入的研究,作者认为岩石圈剪切带是控制含金矽卡岩矿床的最主要的深部地球物理背景条件。壳内低速高导层因与地幔流体分布有关,同样对含金矽卡岩矿床有控制作用、大（ 深） 断裂带的交汇部位控制着与矿有关的中酸性侵入岩浆,可以利用这些因素的共同制约作用进一步圈定含金矽卡岩矿床和铜伴生金矽卡岩矿床分布的远景预测区。     

新疆东昆仑祁漫塔格地区上三叠统火山岩岩石成因初探

新疆东昆仑祁漫塔格地区分布着一套上三叠统、喷发韵律明显的陆相火山岩和火山碎屑岩,它们起源于地下深部富集稀土元素的异常地幔,经历了一次从基性－中性－酸性的岩浆连续演化过程,是东昆仑构造演化转折期的产物。     

大山片麻岩地质特征及侵位机制研究

大山片麻岩的原财为奥长化岗石,呈不规则状侵入柳树河子片麻岩中,年龄２７亿年左右,太古代阜平运动晚期侵位的。侵位与当时区域上大规模的韧性剪切作用密切相关。由于剪切带各相关位置的位移量的差异,形成空间,给岩浆被动就位了有利场所,形成大山片麻岩古深成岩体。     

浅谈火山构造的分级分类体系

通过对前人有关火山构造分级分类方案的清理,归纳和总结,提出区域性火山构造分级分类体系及组合式火山构造分级分类体系,二者构成了一套较完整的火山构造分级分类系统。区域性火山构造体系划分的理论基础是火山作用的构造属性,火山活动与区域性全球性构造活化有关,共分四级四类;组合式火山构造体系是应用火山构造组合理论,低级火山构造通过并列式或叠置式组合方式,逐级组合归并为高级火山构造的分级分类方法,共分四级十五类     

次火山岩型和斑岩型矿床地质对比

国内外资料表明,次火山岩型和斑岩型两类矿床在找矿标志和找矿方向上存在较大差别,在同时代的火山岩区,斑岩型铜矿化和次火山岩型铜矿化可以共存,但是,两者不是单一成矿阶段的产物,而是与同源多阶段侵入活动有关的不同成矿作用的产物。