Mt. Melbourne volcano,antarctica: Evidence of seismicity related to volcanic activity

Characterization of the microseismic activity (M _L <2.0) has been performed at Mt. Melbourne since 1990. We recorded a group of low frequency events with common morphological characteristics, i.e., an emerging onset, an unclear second phase and a sharply dropping coda. Spectral analysis of events recorded at more than one station indicates that the seismogram characteristics and spectral content are largely due to source effects. A polarization filter applied to a set of three component data revealed a first phase made up ofP waves followed (after about 0.9–1.4 sec.) by a second phase probably composed ofSH-type waves. Particle motion analysis detected a seismic ray angle direction mainly between N70°E and N110°E and apparent angle of incidence between 35° and 48° for the first phase. The studied seismicity was localized in an area on the eastern slope of Mt. Melbourne Volcano which presents a surface temperature anomaly (Mazzarini andSalvini, 1994). We formulate two hypotheses for the type of earthquakes recorded: 1) long-period events involving active presence of magmatic fluids in the source processes; 2) or the result of fracturing processes (shear?) in a medium characterized by transition between brittle and plastic behaviors. In the latter hypothesis the superficial thermal anomaly may be a symptom of this behavior at depth and is confirmed by the lown values observed for the exponential fit in the codaQ analysis.     

“硅化带(帽)”成因、分类及找矿意义

本文论论了浙东南中生代火山岩区“硅化带（帽）”的地质特征、成因、分类及其找矿意义。提出风化淋滤型“硅帽”是叶蜡石、地开石、明矾石等的找矿标志,中低温热液交代充填型“硅化带”是银金铅锌火山矿床的找矿标志     

Hydrocarbon- Generating Model of the Area Covered With Volcanic Rock

The distribution of Oil & gas fields shows their close relationship with the most active tectonic regions. This is not a coincidence but having a scientific reasons. The crustal active regions, refer to the places where the active natural earthquake, volcanic activities, underground water happened, and the areas of the leaking off of natural gas to the surface of the crust. The magma of volcanic activities brings the organic "kitchen range body" hydrocarbon- generating model and inorganic genetic hydrocarbon to the regions covered by volcanic rock. Underground water brings a catalytic hydrocarbongenerating model for organic matter, and the leaking- off of H2 and CO2 contributes a synthetic hydrocarbon - generating model. Volcanic activities bring the assemblage of Source, Reservoir and Seal formed by the sediments and magma the sedimentary basins, and the hydrocarbon - generating system with a "water - volcano" binary structure is formed. All these conditions are favorable and excellent for the formation of oil & gas fields. The distribution of American oil & gas fields have very close relationship with the mines of Fe, Mn, Ct, Mo, W and V, deposits of Zn, Cu, V, Pb, Al and Hg, and the deposits of fluorite, sulfur, potassium salt, phosphate and halite, and the distribution of sulfate- chloride of river water. The reason why few oil & gas fields discovered in the regions covered by volcanic rock in western America maybe because of the view of "inconsistency between petroleum and volcano". Further more, It's very difficult to carry out a geophysical exploration in such kinds of regions.This paper examined a few hydrocarbon-generating models (systems) mentioned above and came up with some fresh ideas on the exploration in the areas covered with volcanic rocks.     

浊流砂体综合解释技术

在高分辨率地震勘探和区域地震地层学研究的基础上,从牛庄油田实际出发,针对三角洲沉积体系中复杂的岩性油藏的特点,总结了一套较完善的浊流砂体综合解释方法,介绍了层位标定、人机联作定量解释以及综合解释等技术环节.钻探验证结果证明了方法的有效性.     

试论斑岩铀矿成矿系列

本为作多年来在火山岩型铀矿领域的工作总结。章详细论述了斑岩铀矿成矿系列的特征，认为大部分火山岩型铀矿床的形成与火山活动晚期、最晚阶段的岩有着密切的关系。这些斑岩主要是花岗斑岩、霏细斑岩、石英斑岩。     

多旋翼无人机群自主探测大气边界层气象要素的模式分析

深入研究大气边界层气象现象的发生、发展、消散机制,需要获取三维同步气象要素数据,而现有探测技术与手段难以提供.因此,提出利用多旋翼无人机群进行自主探测大气边界层气象要素的探测模式,并就探测模式的背景与意义、特点与优势、流程与可行性,以及需要进一步研究的相关科学问题进行了分析,认为多旋翼无人机群自主探测大气边界层气象要素的探测模式针对性、灵活性、机动性、可操作性强,并具有自主动态同步探测、自主智能追踪探测等功能.     

中国地区大气气溶胶辐射强迫及区域气候效应的数值模拟

利用太阳直接辐射日总量和日照时数等多年观测资料,反演了中国地区大气气溶胶0.75 μm光学厚度的年、月平均值,分析了我国大气气溶胶状况的时空分布特征。据此,在中国区域气候模式中考虑气溶胶的辐射影响,模拟中国地区气溶胶直接辐射强迫的大小及气候响应的季节变化特征。计算结果表明: 我国大气气溶胶光学厚度多年平均分布状况是以四川盆地为大值中心向四周减少;长江中下游武汉附近和南疆盆地为另两个大值中心;青藏高原为气溶胶低值区;我国绝大部分地区春季气溶胶光学厚度值最大,各地气溶胶光学厚度最小值出现的季节则有所不同。气溶胶辐射强迫介于-5.3～-13 W/m2之间;辐射强迫具有春、夏季大,秋、冬季小,冬季南方偏大,夏季北方偏大的特征。气溶胶辐射强迫的分布与其光学厚度的分布基本一致。由于气溶胶的影响,中国大陆地区地面气温均有所下降,四川盆地到长江中下游地区以及青藏高原北侧到河套地区降温最为明显,分别可达-0.4℃和-0.5℃。气候响应具有明显的季节特征。地面气温的变化除与辐射强迫的大小有关外,还受大气环流的影响。     

Field experiment and numerical study on active vibration isolation by horizontal blocks in layered ground under vertical loading

In this paper, a series of field experiments were carried out to investigate the active vibration isolation for a surface foundation using horizontal wave impedance block (WIB) in a multilayered ground under vertical excitations. The velocity amplitude of ground vibration was measured and the root-mean-square (RMS) velocity is used to evaluate the vibration mitigation effect of the WIB. The influences of the size, the embedded depth and the shear modulus of the WIB on the vibration mitigation were also systematically examined under different loading conditions. The experimental results convincingly indicate that WIB is effective to reduce the ground vibration, especially at high excitation frequencies. The vibration mitigation effect of the WIB would be improved when its size and shear modulus increase or the embedded depth decreases. The results also showed that the WIB may amplify rather than reduce the ground vibration when its shear modulus is smaller or the embedded depth is larger than a threshold value. Meanwhile, an improved 3D semi-analytical boundary element method (BEM) combined with a thin layer method (TLM) was proposed to account for the rectangular shape of the used WIB and the laminated characteristics of the actual ground condition in analyzing the vibration mitigation of machine foundations. Comparisons between the field experiments and the numerical analyses were also made to validate the proposed BEM.     

一个中纬电离层E层理论模式

本文建立了一个中纬电离层E层理论模式. 该模式从NO+,O２＋,O+和N２＋这四种主要离子的连续性方程出发,通过数值模拟得到中纬电离层E层电子和各种离子密度随时间和高度的变化情况. 计算结果能较好地反映出E层电子密度峰值（NmE）或E层临界频率（foE）的日变化、季节变化以及随太阳活动的变化趋势. 将模式的计算结果与武汉地区测高仪的观测数据进行比较,结果证明模式能够较为客观地反映中纬电离层E层的实际形态. 针对以往电离层E层理论模式存在的主要问题,本文还进一步讨论了几种重要因素,包括二次离化源,λ<150?谱段的辐射通量,吸收截面以及NO分布对于模式计算结果的影响.     

长江中下游宣城水东地区早白垩世酸性火山岩年代学、地球化学及岩石成因

位于长江中下游的宣城水东地区发育一套酸性火山岩,主要由流纹质角砾岩、流纹岩和珍珠岩组成。本文对该套火山岩进行了详细的锆石U-Pb年代学、主量元素、微量元素以及Nd-Hf同位素研究。LA-ICP MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示3种岩性的火山岩年龄分别为133.2±0.8、133.4±0.8和131.5±0.9 Ma。主量元素组成上,这套酸性火山岩具高硅(72.51%~81.79%)、富钾(K_2O/Na_2O=2.04~14.93,平均6.72)、贫钙镁(Ca O=0.19%~1.57%,Mg O=0.06%~0.29%)的特征,属于弱过铝质(A/CNK=1.02~1.24)的高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列岩石。微量元素方面,轻重稀土元素分馏明显[(La/Yb)_N=5.43~9.17],具明显的负铕异常(Eu/Eu~*=0.44~0.60),富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)Rb、Th、K和Pb等,亏损Ba、Sr、Nb、P和Ti等元素,表现出壳源的特征。全岩Sr-Nd和锆石Hf同位素组成变化范围相对较小,(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i为0.707 3~0.708 8,εNd(t)值为-7.05~-5.56,εHf(t)为-8.6~-1.3。结合区域地质研究成果,认为宣城水东地区酸性火山岩可能是在约135 Ma古太平洋板块俯冲作用之后的伸展-拉伸环境下,由新元古代早期新生地壳重熔而成。