一种改进的快速特征点匹配方法

如何进行快速特征点匹配是计算机视觉领域研究的热点问题之一,基于层级式K均值聚类的分类树算法能对特征点实现快速分类。然而,当用该方法进行特征点匹配时不仅会产生大量误匹配点,而且还会丢失许多匹配点。本文对该方法进行研究后,从建树和匹配两个方面对算法进行了改进,使其更加适合于特征点匹配。实验结果表明,改进后的分类树算法能够在保持原算法匹配速度快特点的同时还能够有效降低误匹配率和漏匹配率。     

三维地图符号的基本理论研究

随着现代科学技术的发展,电子地图和三维GIS的发展,使传统的纸质的二维地图已经不能满足国民经济的发展和社会的需要,迫切需要三维地图。三维地图的表达主要是通过三维地图符号来实现的,因而三维地图符号就成为目前需要解决的技术难点和研究热点。本文就三维地图符号的特征,三维地图符号与二维地图符号的关系,三维地图符号的视觉变量以及三维地图符号目前需要解决的难题等基本问题进行了初步的总结和研究;并用ARCINFO软件设计了道路的三维符号。     

地震三维矢量反射波场

三分量反射地震的本质是三维矢量反射波场.与应力有关的岩体内部细结构是导致三维矢量反射波场的普遍原因.本文讨论三维矢量反射波场所涉及的理论方法、数据处理、观测解释及介质信息提取等问题,总体格架是通过我国自主创新发展从原构造成像提升到构造-岩体内部细结构的复合成像.     

Study on numerical simulation to water lowering in an open coal mine digging

In view of the situation of excavation of open coal mine for the underground water disaster, we should carry out simulation studies for the numerical value of the water lowering project and improve the accuracy and the level of the water lowering project. On the basis of the hydrological geological conditions of certain open mine digging, a more reasonable seepage numerical model was built according to MODFLOW. It was simulated in advance that the process of the confined water level descending with the time, and combining with the actual observations to test the correctness of the model. The calculation showed that the results coincided well with the results of actual measurement. Based on this, different water lowering numerical simulations were built for the open coal mine digging. It could be simulated and forecast that the changes of the groundwater level in drainage process within and outside the mine pit, and it was quantitatively assessed that the possible water lowering result of the opencast water drainage process, which provide an important basis for the actual water lowering project and the possible project disposal.     

遥感地质可视化解译知识库建设

利用地理信息系统强大的空间分析功能,通过可视化技术,建立了遥感地质解译知识库模型。按专家解译方法的思想构建了知识库数据结构。并详细地描述了以影像特征库和解译标志库为核心的知识库体系,辅以解译示例库和可视化解译,介绍了知识库模型结构及建设的关键技术,为遥感地质自动可视化解译提供了数据模型基础。     

Interpreting a Pareto set of operating options for water grids: a framework and case study

Multi-objective optimisation is being increasingly applied in water supply management to identify optimal operating options. However, a key challenge in the implementation of multi-objective optimisation is interpreting the large and multidimensional Pareto-optimal set. This paper shows how cluster, visual and post-optimisation analysis can aid the decision maker in addressing this challenge. This is demonstrated for a case study based on South East Queensland Water Grid, Australia, as part of a broader operational planning framework. Firstly, cluster analysis identifies a smaller set of representative options to aid in visual analysis. Secondly, visual analysis techniques are used to identify the trade-offs between objectives, the relationships between decision variables and objective performance, and to shortlist promising operating options. Finally, post-optimisation analysis techniques identify efficient operating options from the Pareto set, based on decision-maker preferences. Together these techniques can be used to identify a shortlist of operating options, for further consideration using multicriteria analysis.     

Spatial Distribution of Seismic Landslides in the Areas of 1927 Gulang M8.0 Earthquake

The 1927 Gulang M8.0 earthquake has triggered a huge number of landslides, resulting in massive loss of people''s life and property. However, integrated investigations and results regarding the landslides triggered by this earthquake are rare; such situation hinders the deep understanding of these landslides such as scale, extent, and distribution. With the support of Google Earth software, this study intends to finish the seismic landslides interpretation work in the areas of Gulang earthquake (VIII-XI degree) using the artificial visual interpretation method, and further analyze the spatial distribution and impact factors of these landslides. The results show that the earthquake has triggered at least 936 landslides in the VIII-XI degree zone, with a total landslide area of 58.6 km². The dense area of seismic landslides is located in the middle and southern parts of the X intensity circle. Statistical analysis shows that seismic landslides is mainly controlled by factors such as elevation, slope gradient, slope direction, strata, seismic intensity, faults and rivers. The elevation of 2 000-2 800 m is the high-incidence interval of the landslide. The landslide density is larger with a higher slope gradient. East and west directions are the dominant sliding directions. The areas with Cretaceous and Quaternary strata are the main areas of the Gulang seismic landslides. The X intensity zone triggered the most landslides. In addition, landslides often occur in regions near rivers and faults. This paper provides a scientific reference for exploring the development regularities of landslides triggered by the 1927 Gulang earthquake and effectively mitigating the landslide disasters of the earthquake.     

Stationary underwater cameras assess more efficiently clear-water mangrove fish assemblages: A comparison of non-extractive techniques

Research in aquatic ecology requires adequate sampling designs if the underlying processes that govern population and community dynamics are to be understood. Adequate sampling design is particularly important for organisms inhabiting environments such as mangroves. Thus, collecting quantitative ecological data remains a major challenge. Here, we analysed the structural and temporal dynamics of a tidal cycle and mangrove fish assemblages at 15 sites along the Brazilian central coast. Specifically, we used two non-extractive sampling techniques, which included stationary underwater visual census (s-UVC) and stationary underwater wide-camera census (s-UWC). Our results showed that by reducing potential observer effects, the s-UWC protocol maximized fish counts, yielding more accurate and precise estimates. In contrast, although the s-UVC technique was a useful approach, this technique did not yield precise density and richness estimates. Furthermore, the negative effect associated with the presence of an observer (i.e., diver) was a significant constraint to the observer-based technique. Furthermore, the methods were more similar for the high tide samples and more divergent for the flood tide and ebb tide samples. These pronounced divergences among tidal periods allowed the application of a temporal mixed-sampling protocol (i.e., unbalanced temporal samples) based on s-UWC without the loss of statistical power. Methodological gains also were felt with a reduction in the costs associated with the presence of a trained observer in water and overcoming of constraints positively related to depth limitations. Overall, the s-UWC protocol adequately captures species using different stages of the tide to enter the mangroves.     

国产高分辨率卫星影像云检测方法分析

云检测方法大都针对特定的传感器或依赖多个波段,对参数要求高,而国产高分辨率卫星影像通常包含波段数较少,多数云检测方法不适用。本文采用深度学习的方法,以融合后的高分一号影像为例,应用基于双重视觉注意机制模型进行云检测,并与人工采集、全卷积网络模型的检测结果进行对比。理论分析和研究结果表明：基于双重视觉注意机制的模型云检测结果与人工采集进行对比,正确率为0.986 4;通过增加云样本数量和非云样本数量可有效解决模型对道路、河流、居民地的误检测问题;基于双重视觉注意机制的模型与全卷积网络模型相比,云边界更为准确,模型适用性更强。利用较少的波段信息进行云检测为国产其他高分辨率卫星影像云检测提供了参考。