浙东某山区危石加固实录

针对浙东某山区危石的危害、规模、分布特征和稳定状况,提出了支撑加固方案,经过比选优化,根据施工反馈信息的调整,最终采用人工挖孔桩支挡柱加固方案,施工后效果良好。本文详细介绍了治理的设计思路与施工过程。     

海底管线维护中底床表层稳定粗化层的构建

以东方岸外海域为例,计算了极端天气下不同水深条件构建稳定粗化层抛石颗粒的临界粒径;分析了影响粗化层稳定的不同因素,并对人工抛石构建粗化层提出建议。结果显示,在东方岸外30m和60 m水深处,沉积物的中值泥沙粒径至少为30.33 mm和3.99 mm,才能抵御极端浪流的冲刷,且抛石层的厚度应至少为80.9mm和10.8mm,抛石层至少覆盖原始床沙的70%。粗化层的稳定性受颗粒隐蔽暴露效应、砂组分百分比、粗化层颗粒级配、覆盖厚度及覆盖百分比的共同影响,而抛石构建稳定粗化层的实质是对抛石粒径的合理选取及对细粒组分百分比的有效控制。另外,抛石级配的合理选择应受到重视,在施工过程中则需保证覆盖百分数和粗化层的覆盖厚度。粗细混合投放或者分层投放有利于更好地构建稳定粗化层。以上述方法构建稳定粗化层可为海底管道工程设施的维护提供有效支持。     

厚层近海回填抛石填土层钻孔灌注桩施工技术

烟台港万华工业园码头工程改造项目,设计采用φ600、1000 mm的钻孔灌注桩。上部为厚层近海回填抛石填土层,钻进困难,极易塌孔,成孔难度大,采用大型旋挖钻机带护筒跟管钻进成孔,内外二层套管护壁,穿过回填层及混砂层后,采用泥浆护壁旋挖钻机继续钻进,护筒不再跟进,既可保证成孔质量又能降低施工成本。外护筒可在灌注完成后拔出,重复利用,减少工程造价。     

石质构件风化层内力学性能变化规律研究

石质构件风化层内力学参数随深度变化的规律是石质古建筑稳定性、耐久性和保护方案研究中重要的内容。本文针对古建筑石质构件风化层不便取样,风化岩样加工易破坏和室内试验只能得出试件整体的力学参数,不能反映风化层内力学参数由表及里逐渐变化的不足,综合运用现场声波测试和室内试验对义乌宋代古月桥(建于1213年)风化条石的抗压强度、弹性模量与深度的关系进行了研究。研究表明,风化层内岩石弹性模量、抗压强度与未风化区域的比值随深度呈较好的负指数关系。     

动刚度和动力触探在强夯地基检测中的应用

随着碎石土强夯地基的推广应用，解决如何对其进行快速有效地检测，提供其准确的强度及变形参数问题，具有重要的经济及安全意义。提出了一种利用平板静力载荷试验、动力触探、地基动刚度测试三种基本手段，建立相关数学模型，主要应用后两种手段进行联合检测的新思路。并将相关数学模型以经验公式的形式进行了总结，对碎石土强夯地基的检测具有指导意义。     

四川省的一种潜在优势石材资源--铁路道碴用岩石

全国铁路大提速,现有铁路设施急需改造,新建铁路也将按照新的速度标准进行设计和施工。因此,铁路道碴必须按新的质量标准进行更换。市场需求迫切,容量空间巨大,我省此类石材资源具有量大、质优、区位分布合理等优势,应重视和加强铁路道碴石材资源的勘查评价,为四川铁路的全面提速,提供坚实的物质基础。     

STONE COVER ON DESERT HILLSLOPES: EXTENT OF BIAS IN DIAMETERS ESTIMATED FROM GRID SAMPLES AND PROCEDURES FOR BIAS CORRECTION

Grid-based samples of surface stone covers are widely employed for the determination of grain properties such as mean diameter. However, this method has an inherent bias that is related to clast size. Studies failing to correct for this effect have inadvertently reported stone diameters weighted by the area that each stone exposed on the sampling plane. Monte Carlo methods are used to generate and sample synthetic veneers of surface stones, like those found on many dryland hillslopes, but having pre-determined population distribution characteristics. Uncorrected grid samples from such stone veneers are shown to yield estimates of mean diameter that are in error by up to several hundred per cent. Formulae are provided which permit accuracy of a few per cent to be obtained with samples of 100–300 stones. Slightly larger samples are required accurately to estimate edge length- and area-weighted mean diameters than for traditional volume-weighted means.     

Yield design of dry‐stone masonry retaining structures—Comparisons with analytical,numerical, and experimental data

Over the past few years, there has been a steady increase in the interest in dry‐stone walling not only to preserve existing constructions but also to build new ones. Yet, dry masonry's expansion is slowed down by the lack of scientific knowledge to assess its reliability. This study aims at contributing to the construction of this scientific frame using a simplified model based on yield design and homogenization, which can be directly exploited for engineering purposes. A new analytical expression of the ultimate load is thus established. Then, the validity of the method is assessed by comparisons with limit equilibrium analysis, distinct element method, and field trials. Finally, possible improvements of the model are discussed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

SMW围护结构在某块石土层基坑中的应用

为确保某块石土层基坑的顺利开挖,结合工程实际,对工程概况、工程地质与水文地质条件及方案选择等主要问题作了分析,提出以H型钢、压密注浆、高压旋喷的SMW工法作为防水、挡土体系,结合砼支撑及锚杆的结构形式,取得了较好的预期效果,充分地体现了安全、经济、合理的特点。