矩谱法求磁性体质心的若干问题

B K Bhattachryya(1975)推导的求磁性体质心的矩谱公式理论严谨,计算速度快,并且有不需要预先知道磁性体磁化率的特点。在该公式的基础上,本文对求质心的各种影响因素作了细致讨论,推导出了提高求解质心精度的改正公式。     

Eulerian spatial moments for solute transport in three-dimensional heterogeneous,dual-permeability media

A Eulerian analytical method is developed for nonreactive solute transport in heterogeneous, dual-permeability media where the hydraulic conductivities in fracture and matrix domains are both assumed to be stochastic processes. The analytical solution for the mean concentration is given explicitly in Fourier and Laplace transforms. Instead of using the fast fourier transform method to numerically invert the solution to real space (Hu et al., 2002), we apply the general relationship between spatial moments and concentration (Naff, 1990; Hu et al., 1997) to obtain the analytical solutions for the spatial moments up to the second for a pulse input of the solute. Owing to its accuracy and efficiency, the analytical method can be used to check the semi-analytical and Monte Carlo numerical methods before they are applied to more complicated studies. The analytical method can be also used during screening studies to identify the most significant transport parameters for further analysis. In this study, the analytical results have been compared with those obtained from the semi-analytical method (Hu et al., 2002) and the comparison shows that the semi-analytical method is robust. It is clearly shown from the analytical solution that the three factors, local dispersion, conductivity variation in each domain and velocity convection flow difference in the two domains, play different roles on the solute plume spreading in longitudinal and transverse directions. The calculation results also indicate that when the log-conductivity variance in matrix is 10 times less than its counterpart in fractures, it will hardly influence the solute transport, whether the conductivity field is matrix is treated as a homogeneous or random field.     

用不完整的地震资料估计地震矩年变化率

在充分考虑现有地震资料的不完备性和震级服从两端截去泊松分布的条件下,建立了用历史地震资料和现代地震资料及考古地震资料计算地震矩年变化率的方法。计算了西南地区几个地震带的地震矩年变化率,并与地质资料得到的结果进行了比较,结果表明该方法是切实可行的     

Some aspects of head‐variance evaluation

We compare two methods of evaluating head covariance for two‐dimensional steady‐state flow in mildly heterogeneous bounded rectangular aquifers. The quasi‐analytical approach, widely used in stochastic subsurface hydrology, is based on the Green's function representation, and involves numerical four‐fold integration. We compare this approach with a numerical solution of the two‐dimensional boundary‐value problem for head covariance. We show that the finite differences integration of this problem is computationally less expensive than numerical four‐fold integration of slowly‐convergent infinite series. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

武定地震序列的震源参数与频率特征

利用武定地震序列数字化记录地震图资料研究了直接用速度谱和位移谱测定地震矩的方法,结果给出前者的误差比后者小５０％,两者无系统差。对序列地震震源参数的研究结果给出,地震矩Ｍ０在１０１２～１０１６（Ｎ·ｍ）之间,震源破裂半径ａ在１００～３５０ｍ范围,震源距ｒ或震级ＭＬ与近场波谱拐角频率ｆ０相关性不明显,序列地震应力降Δσ多数在１０～８０ＭＰａ的范围,表明武定地震序列是在高应力背景下发生的爆发性地震群。     

弹簧钢球式安全离合器在钻机中的应用

分析了钻机在过程中经常发生机械事故的主要原因,提出了解决这一问题的方法,即在钻机内的传动轴上安装弹簧钢球式安全离合器在钻机中的经过反复试验论证辽一方法的可行性。     

Moment magnitudes of two large Turkish earthquakes on February 6, 2023 from long-period coda

Two large earthquakes (an earthquake doublet) occurred in south-central Turkey on February 6, 2023, causing massive damages and casualties. The magnitudes and the relative sizes of the two mainshocks are essential information for scientific research and public awareness. There are obvious discrepancies among the results that have been reported so far, which may be revised and updated later. Here we applied a novel and reliable long-period coda moment magnitude method to the two large earthquakes. The moment magnitudes (with one standard error) are 7.95±0.013 and 7.86±0.012, respectively, which are larger than all the previous reports. The first mainshock, which matches the largest recorded earthquakes in the Turkish history, is slightly larger than the second one by 0.11±0.035 in magnitude or by 0.04 to 0.18 at 95% confidence level.     

基于监测数据的深水水下井口循环弯矩计算方法

水下井口的疲劳完整性是海洋油气田长期安全开采的前提。工业界往往采用贴应变片直接测量水下井口应变来计算弯矩和疲劳损伤,但水下井口应变片粘贴困难且不能长时间连续工作。采用对水下井口监测方法,基于隔水管—防喷器组—水下井口的运动和力学特性,考虑防喷器组惯性力矩建立系统耦合动力学方程,最终形成基于监测数据的水下井口循环弯矩计算方法。以南海某深水水下井口为例,建立隔水管—防喷器组—水下井口系统有限元模型并进行动态分析,提取隔水管底部张力、转角、防喷器组加速度及转角等参数,代入所建立的系统耦合动力学模型,得到水下井口弯矩与有限元计算结果吻合良好。研究表明只需通过在线监测获得所需的输入数据,无需监测水下井口应变即可获取水下井口循环弯矩。建立的系统耦合动力学模型可为水下井口疲劳完整性评估提供理论依据。     

内蒙古中西部地区中小地震矩震级研究

基于S震相"S窗"内的波形信号识别、品质因子Q(f)和22个台站场地响应,利用2009~2016年3月内蒙古中西部地区地震的波形资料,反演了182次中小地震的震源波谱参数,得到这些小震的零频幅值及其拐角频率,据此计算了这些地震的地震矩M_0、矩震级M_W和应力降Δσ。利用回归分析方法得到了近震震级与矩震级、矩震级与应力降的关系式。分析表明,近震震级与矩震级、矩震级与应力降呈线性关系。可见,将矩震级纳入地震的快报与正式目录中,可以丰富地震观测报告内容,更好地为地震应急和地震科研服务。