706矿点钻孔放射性水异常的揭露评价

本文总结了706矿点水中放射性元素的富集、迁移、分布特点及其与水的化学成分的关系,作者评价了该区放射性水异常的铀成矿远景,并进一步指导了水化学找矿工作。另外,根据该矿点的水文地质条件和氡的迁移规律,定量预测了盲矿体赋存的空间位置。     

Hypocenter distribution and focal mechanism of AE events during two stress stage creep in Yugawara andesite

More than a thousand acoustic-emission (AE) hypocenters were determined in a cylindrical andesite specimen under two-stage uniaxial creep at stresses of 204 and 214 MPa. Strains were monitored for 6 peripheral points at the middle part of the cylindrical specimen's wall. The strain data indicate gradual increase of nonuniform deformation during steady creep and strong intensification of the nonuniformity during acceleration creep and, therefore, biased stress distribution within the specimen. The correlation between dilatant strain and AE hypocenters was investigated for whether or not tensile cracks emit AE. The region with high AE activity shows only a small dilatant strain. This negative correlation between AE and the dilatant region may eliminate tensile cracks as possible AE sources. A composite focal-mechanism solution of local AE events, covering a wide solid angle of the focal hemisphere, indicates that shear fractures emit AE waves. The direction of the compressional axis in this solution shows a significant deviation from that inferred from the applied external force, suggesting that the local stress field is governed by preexisting weak zones that are, presumably, produced by tensile cracks within the specimen. AE hypocenters tended to form clusters during steady creep under the constant compressional stress. During acceleration creep caused by a small step increase of the external stress, the preceding clusters disappeared while a new cluster appeared in an incipient fault plane. This suggests that changes in seismicity pattern such as migrations or quiescences of swarm—important clues for earthquake predictions—may be caused by an instantaneous change in the tectonic-stress levels.     

华北地台东北部前寒武纪地壳演化与铀成矿旋回

本文以研究华北地台东北部前寒武纪地壳演化为基础,阐明了该区不同地质构造单元中铀的分布与富集规律。根据铀矿化与铀源体的空间分布关系、硫同位素组成、稀上元素分布模式及同位素年龄等资料,论述了该区前寒武纪铀成矿作用具有同源性相多阶段复成因的特点。在此基础上,提出了铀成矿旋回的概念,并将华北地台东北部前寒武纪构造区存在的铀矿化划分为晚太古代、早元古代和中-晚元古代三个成矿旋回。     

The importance of atmospheric input of terrestrial organic material to deep sea sediments

The concentrations of lipids were determined in atmospheric particle, gas and rain samples collected from the tropical North Pacific to assess lipid sources, transport mechanisms and fluxes to the ocean surface. Four lipid compound classes (aliphatic hydrocarbons, fatty alcohols, fatty acid esters, and salts) all unequivocally show a terrestrial vascular plant source. These aerosol lipids originate from wind erosion of Asian and American soils and direct emission from vegetation. The major fluxes result from rain rather than dry deposition. These fluxes are large enough to have a major potential impact on the inventory of terrestrially derived lipid material found in deep-sea sediments. This has been showm for n-alkanes, fatty alcohols, fatty acids, total lipids and for organic carbon. By comparing atmospheric and sediment trap fluxes with sediment accumulation rates, it is suggested that some biogenic terrestrial material is more protected from degradation than marine-derived material.     

中国沉积变质型铀矿床矿化特征和成矿条件探讨

我国沉积变质型铀矿床主要产在华北地台的太古界、元古界的变质岩系中,都在古老基底剥蚀面之上,有花岗岩侵入或混合岩化。古地理环境为滨海-浅海相中近古海岸线的基底洼地。矿化特点因地段不同而异:远离花岗岩地段,矿体呈似层状,与地层产状基本一致,受层位、岩性控制,铀矿物是沥青铀矿,粒度小,沿层理定向排列;近花岗岩外接触带或混合岩化地段为巢状矿体,铀矿物是晶质铀矿,粒度大,呈脉状、网脉状产出。与国外澳北区铀矿床相比,两者基本相似,但我国铀矿化分布空间大,形成时间长,无盖层。矿床形成过程为:沉积阶段形成了富铀     

花岗岩中铀性状的实验研究—铀的可溶性及含铀溶液的酸性演化

实验主要针对内生条件下花岗岩中铀的可溶性进行的。恒压(500bar)变温(200—400℃,个别达480℃)以及恒温(300℃)变压(100—1500bar)状态下的实验结果表明,花岗岩中铀的最大溶解度多发生在温度低于250℃、压力(P_(H_2O))低于500bar(个别小于1000bar)的范围内。铀最易溶解在碳酸溶液中。伴随压力的降低,碳酸盐和富含碳酸的溶液溶解铀的能力显著增强。含铀溶液随着温度的降低,呈碱性—酸性—碱性演化。     

对铀资源形势和勘察任务的分析

本文从分析铀市场价格规律入手，指出在铀市场价格连续下跌以后，于２０００年可能有回升现象；在分析全球铀的产需情况后指出，自１９９０年开始出现自然铀的需求量大于生产量的趋势；在分析国内产需发展趋势的基础上指出，不能盲目满足于现有地质储量，而应密切注视商业铀储量和发展核电对铀的需求量之间的关系。最后，在综合分析全球铀经济地质形势的基础上，认为我国应把地质工作重点转移到以寻找低成本铀资源为中心的轨道上来，     

南岭南部铀矿与地下水的放射性关系

在铀矿的区凋、普查工作中,发挥水化学找矿的优势,提高找矿效果的关键是如何正确地解释、评价所找到的水异常。为此就必须弄清工作区内铀矿与地下水放射性之间的关系。本文根据南岭南部地区多年的水化找矿资料,从水文地球化学角度阐明了地下水放射性在空间上的变化规律和放射性水的分市特征。从已知铀矿床水异常特征分析中提出了矿致水异常的五项标志,这对我国南方潮湿大陆地区水异常的解释与评价有着普遍的实用意义。