新型同径分层止水工艺在地热探采深井的应用

原平大营地热探采结合深井完钻井深3088 m,为探明494~3088 m变质岩地层的水文地质参数和水源补给情况,基于岩心和测井资料划分4个抽水试验段,且试验后需要恢复目的含水层。根据“一孔同径分层止水”原则,设计了管内止水托盘止水、管外止水伞止水的新型同径分层止水工艺。该工艺简化了井身结构,避免了管外投粘土球、注水泥等堵塞含水层的情况。现场实施表明,该工艺止水效果完全满足水文地质抽水试验要求,可为同类工程提供经验和借鉴。     

中国对钢铁资源的长期需求预测

钢铁工业是我国的支柱产业,对国内钢铁的长期需求进行科学预测,可以为我国经济发展的战略发展进行科学决策提供重要依据。由于我国铁矿资源不能满足国民经济发展需求,对钢铁需求的预测,不仅对我国钢铁工业布局和全球产业链配置具有重要参考价值,更对我国企业海外矿山投资具有重要指导意义。本文通过模型组合预测了"十二五"期间我国对钢的需求及其供需平衡,抛砖以引业内外人士高水平长期预测之玉。     

东海陆坡及邻近槽底天然气水合物成藏条件分析及前景

在西太平洋边缘海中,东海是唯一没有获得天然气水合物样品的边缘海。利用已有的地震资料、海底温度资料等,从沉积物来源、沉积地层厚度、烃源岩条件、沉积速率、海底温度—压力条件等方面对东海水合物成藏条件进行了分析。认为冲绳海槽沉积物源丰富,沉积厚度大,且发育烃源岩地层。冲绳海槽较高的沉积速率主要分布于冲绳海槽槽底沉积中心,以及西部陆坡连接海底峡谷底部的三角洲区域。根据冲绳海槽实测的海底温度数据,整个冲绳海槽地区600m以深的范围都能够满足水合物发育的温度、压力条件。以温度梯度为30℃/km计算,冲绳海槽中水合物稳定域的最大厚度为650m。冲绳海槽盆地中普遍发育的底辟构造、背斜构造等局部构造,以及网格状断裂系统,为烃类气流体的向上及侧向运移创造了有利条件,成为天然气水合物发育的有利区带。根据已经发现的BSR特征来看,东海地区天然气水合物前景广阔。     

基于GIS的南宁市细网格立体农业气候资源分析研究

根据气象台站最新30年的气候观测资料和台站地理信息,建立了南宁市主要气候要素的空间分析模型。在GIS的支持下,对无测站地区500 m×500 m网格单元上的气候要素值进行了推算,并利用反距离权重插值法进行残差订正,制作了南宁市农业气候资源的细网格立体分布图,分析了南宁市气候资源的特点及时空分布规律,为该市气候资源的合理开发利用提供了科学依据。     

深部矿产资源立体地球化学勘查方法技术体系

深部矿产资源的勘查是战略性矿产资源勘查的一个重要方面。找矿实践证明，化探方法技术在矿产勘查乃至深部找矿中发挥了重要的、不可或缺的作用。找矿工作的不断深入和找矿难度的不断加大，促使化探方法技术不断的发展和完善，在传统方法技术的基础上，研发出了许多新的方法技术。本文从方法论和系统论的角度出发，对现有的找寻深部隐伏矿盲矿的有效化探方法技术进行了系统的归纳和总结，提出了立体地球化学勘查方法技术体系的概念，将立体地球化学勘查方法技术划分为地面地球化学测量方法技术和地下地球化学测量方法技术，建立了深部矿产资源立体地球化学勘查方法技术体系。不同的方法技术有不同的优势和不同的适用条件，实际工作中应当根据不同的勘查阶段，不同的勘查目的和不同的地质地球化学条件选择不同的立体方法技术组合才能发挥出最大效益，取得最大效果。     

Geological investigations at a high altitude, remote coal mine on the Northwest Pakistan and Afghanistan frontier, Karakoram Himalaya

The Northwest Pakistan and Afghanistan frontier is located one of the most remote, inaccessible, and inhospitable part of the Himalayan orogenic belt. In this region, two of the world's largest and most distinct mountain belts intersect; the Karakoram Himalaya (mainly in Pakistan) and the Hindu Kush (mainly in Afghanistan). Located at high altitude, in a remote part of Northwest Pakistan, close to the border with Afghanistan, tribal villagers began excavating a series of adits into the steep mountain slopes, beneath glaciers, to extract valuable coal and carbonaceous shale resources. These were discovered in 1996, by the villagers, whilst hunting, and may represent some of the highest mine workings in the world. Small-scale mining operations subsequently developed using rudimentary mining methods and the mine became known as the Reshit or Pamir Coal Mine.The coal deposits are sedimentary, highly disturbed and tectonised, having been subjected to multiple phases of orogenic crustal deformation. The coal occurs as discrete lenses, several tens of metres in their lateral dimension, between steeply dipping, overturned and thrusted limestone beds of Jurassic age. The coal provided a vital, alternative source of fuel for the villagers since the local, traditional fuel supply was wood, which had become severely depleted, and imports of kerosene from neighbouring China and Afghanistan were too expensive.The mining operations experienced severe problems. These included several collapses of mine entrances, the failure of the adits to intersect the coal-bearing zones, the potential threat of geological hazards, mining-induced hazards and harsh high-altitude operating conditions, particularly during the winter months. International aid was provided to assist the villagers and a geological investigation was commissioned to investigate the problems at the mine.The geology of Karakoram Himalaya is relatively poorly understood. Until recently the region was restricted to foreign visitors and large areas of this mountain belt are virtually unmapped. Existing geological and topographic maps are difficult to obtain or are unavailable due to the close proximity of political frontiers, national borders and security reasons. The mineral resource potential of this region is virtually unknown. Few western geologists have visited this area due to its inaccessibility and political constraints, being situated close the frontiers with China, Afghanistan, and the disputed Pakistan and India territory of Kashmir.The Pakistan and Afghanistan border, is once again, now closed to foreign visitors. The objectives of this paper are to document the occurrence of coal and carbonaceous shale, at high altitude, in the Karakoram Himalaya and to provide details on the geology, geological hazards, reserves and labour-intensive mining operations. These observations and information may provide the basis for future mineral exploration, mining-geology, mining-engineering, feasibility studies and engineering geological investigation in the Karakoram Himalaya.     

甚低频电磁法龙头山银铅锌矿床勘查中的应用

随着找矿、勘探与开发生产实践的不断深入,表露矿与浅部矿渐趋减少,找矿难度逐渐增大,找到一种简捷、迅速的勘查、探矿方式,迫在眉睫.根据实践证明,甚低频电磁法是较为理想的选择.在运用甚低频电磁法时,通过对所测数据进行Fraser滤波等技术处理,并且结合矿区地质研究控矿规律及矿体赋存规律,从而有效地圈定掩盖区异常地质体及其产状和展布方向,预测矿体空间赋存部位,为深部找矿提供依据.     

北京市地下水动态监测示范工程的建设和应用

北京市地下水动态监测示范工程是北京市科委的重大项目,从1999年开始建设,到2004年4月全面完成.本文详细介绍了该项目的建设及开发内容,以及在北京市地下水动态监测工作中的应用情况.     

地浸砂岩型铀矿床微磁异常研究及其找矿意义

通过认真研究中国新疆某盆地410，411和412三个已知地浸砂岩型铀矿床的航磁资料，发现这些矿床上方均存在航磁微磁异常。根据地浸砂岩型铀矿的成矿地球化学机制，对航磁微磁异常的形成机理作了进一步探讨，结合试验区的实际预测成果指出，与氧化一还原过渡带有关的地浸砂岩型铀矿床上方存在微磁异常，高精度航磁完全能探测得到它。航磁微磁异常是此类矿床的特征异常之一，对此类铀矿床具有直接的指示意义，可以作为一种直接标志信息运用于前期成矿预测。     

对地裂缝地球物理勘察综合采集解释软件系统的可行性和需求的初步分析

运用软件工程的可行性、需求分析基本理论和方法，较为详细地对地裂缝地球物理勘察综合采集解释软件系统的经济可行性和技术可行性进行分析，并对该系统的需求从问题分析、需求描述、需求规格简要说明三个方面进行初步分析。证明了地裂缝地球物理勘察综合采集解释软件系统是可行的；地裂缝地球物理勘察综合采集解释软件系统的需求分析细化后形成的需求规格说明是可以预见的；本软件系统的市场潜力巨大，值得进一步研究分析。