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911.
912.
中国南方碳酸盐台地从震旦纪到志留纪十分发育,它对认识中国南方沉积地壳演化和油气勘探具有重要意义。90年代以来,中国南方碳酸盐台地从台地内部结构研究发展到对碳酸盐台地边缘、台地几何形态、台地边缘形态的研究,并把它们的形成和演化与大地构造、全球海平面变化、沉积层序、动力演化过程结合起来,进行碳酸盐台地发展、演化、沉降、生长的定量模拟、此外,还特别重视重大地质事件和非现实主义沉积作用探索。中国南方早古生代碳酸盐台地,随着扬子板块的裂谷拉张、被动大陆边缘构造热沉降和前陆挠曲,经历了碳酸盐台地产生、发展和消亡的完整威尔逊旋回动力演化、最终这个巨大的碳酸盐台地因挠曲沉降淹没和大量碎屑岩覆盖而消亡,是具有非常良好远景的油气资源探区。 相似文献
913.
藏南帕里至达吉地带的上地壳结构特征──REFTEK顺带广角地震观测结果分析 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
本文主要介绍1992年中美喜马拉雅和青藏高原深剖面与综合研究项目第一阶段(INDEPTHI-1)广角地震观测资料利用Seis81程序(Cerveny,1981)进行二维解释所获得的帕里一达吉地带的上地壳结构特征。主要成果为:(1)前寒武结晶基底之顶界表现为R1界面。据本项目地质调查,藏南拆离系(STDS)在帕里以北约10km处出露,向北缓倾并向地下延伸。认为R1界面不仅是结晶基底之顶界的反映,而且STD可能沿着R1界面展布,也即R1界面同时是一条沉积盖层和基底之间的拆离层。R1界面埋深3±0.6—11±0.6km。(2)上述拆离层在萨马达一达吉之间,以R1界面之上的负速度梯度楔状体(LVL)为特征。LVL可能是STDS活动时拖带下沉的中生代特提斯沉积,或可能是含水破碎带。(3)在结晶基底内部存在第二条拆离带(LVZ),表现为T2反射波组。LVZ在帕里埋深8.5±0.6km,向北陡倾,至萨马达为22.5±0.6km深;再向北,倾角变缓,至达吉之下,达27±0.6km深。LVZ在帕里─萨马达之间,厚仅0.5km;至达吉,增厚至5km;也具楔形负速度梯度带性质;它可能是花岗岩局部融熔体之反映...更多。(4)在萨马达─达吉。 相似文献
914.
黄骅坳陷歧古1井古生界烃源岩的二次生烃演化 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10
黄骅坳陷歧古1井的古生界烃源岩自形成以来经历了复杂的构造—埋藏史,并发生多次生烃演化。基于详细的构造-埋藏史研究,并结合矿物包裹体分析,运用EASY%R_o数值模拟技术,深入研究了歧古1井的古生界烃源岩的埋藏史、受热史和生烃史,阐明了歧古1井古生界生烃作用发生的构造期次、生烃强度,揭示了歧古1井古生界烃源岩曾发生过多次重要的生烃作用过程,其主要发生在海西—印支期和喜马拉雅晚期,得出了主要二次生烃作用发生在喜马拉雅晚期的重要结论,并提出了歧口凹陷是有望实现黄骅坳陷深层古生界找油突破的有利地域。 相似文献
915.
JIA Bingwen ZHOU Anchao MA Mailing JIA Xiaoyun Department of Earth Sciences Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan Shanxi 《《地质学报》英文版》2001,75(2):184-195
Upper Carboniferous-Lower Permian volcanic event deposits from two cross sections in Nanpiao, Liaoning Province, and the Daqing Mountains, Inner Mongolia, were examined by systematic rock and mineral identification, differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and trace element and rare earth element quantitative analysis. According to the results, twelve sequences of volcanic event deposits have been distinguished from bottom to top, including 34-39 volcanic event layers. As these layers each have their own distinctive petrological, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics and were derived from the same source, they provide new evidence for further ascertaining the distribution characteristics of volcanic event deposits on the northern margin of the North China plate and carrying out the stratigraphic correlation using volcanic event layers as marker beds. 相似文献
916.
A great number of calcareous nannofossils have been found in the deep-sea sediments of 2.32 Ma at ODP Site 1143 located in
the Nansha area, the southern South China Sea. The number of coccoliths varies from about 0.5×106 up to almost 53×106 coccoliths/g sediment, with an average of 16×106 coccoliths/g sediment. The accumulation rate of total coccoliths varies from 1×106 to 278×106 coccoliths/cm2 ka. The nannofossil assemblages are usually dominated by a lower-photic species-Florisphaera profunda, of which the average percentage is about 70% in all samples. The absolute abundance and the accumulation rate of nannofossils
as well as the percentage ofF. profunda display significant oscillations on two different time scales. One is the fluctuation coincident with the glacial-interglacial
cycle, and the other is the long-term changes on a time scale longer than 100 ka. Six evolutionary stages of calcareous nannofossils
could be divided for the last 2.32 Ma, from which we can reconstruct the changes in the depth of nutricline of the Nansha
area. In this paper, the possible mechanism resulting in these variations is also discussed. 相似文献
917.
Surface wave tomography of the crust and upper mantle of Chinese mainland and its neighboring region
Introduction The three-dimensional S wave velocity of Chinese mainland and its neighboring region in-verted by surface wave dispersion data plays an important role in studying the lateral variation of lithosphere and geodynamic process, and understanding the forming and evolution of Chinese mainland and the relationship between shallow and deep structures. The three-dimensional veloc-ity structures of China and its major tectonic blocks were respectively studied by SONG, et al (1993), ZHOU… 相似文献
918.
述描述了采自内蒙古大青山地区以断块状分布的白云岩、白云质灰岩中的三叶虫化石 3个属、2个种和 2个未定种。即LuaspideslingyuanensisDuan ,L .sp .,Manohuriellamacar(Walcott)和Pseudasaphussp .。虽然它们均是已知属种 ,但在该地区是首次发现。由此可以确定这套以角度不整合覆盖于古老变质岩之上的白云岩、白云质灰岩为主的沉积地层其层位属下古生界 ,时代最晚为毛庄期开始沉积。该发现解决了该套地层时代的归属问题 ,同时对于区内古生界和元古界划分对比具有重要意义。 相似文献
919.
920.
Fiona Simpson 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2002,203(1):535-547
It has been hypothesised that seismic and electrical anisotropy at the base of the lithosphere are caused by strain-induced lattice-preferred orientation (LPO) of olivine [100] axes parallel to present-day plate motion. This would imply that seismic and electrical anisotropy observations can provide geodynamicists with fundamental information for characterising mantle flow. The qualitative agreement between the fast direction of SV-waves and direction of maximum electrical conductance modelled deeper than 150 km below the North Central craton of Australia appear to support a common alignment mechanism, and the observed, anisotropic electrical conductances can be generated by hydrogen diffusivity in a water-poor (<1000 ppm H/Si) olivine mantle. A quantitative test is proposed for the hypothesis that electrical anisotropy is generated by anisotropic hydrogen diffusion rates (D) in olivine. Electrical anisotropy factors are computed using random resistor network models assuming that D[100]≈20×D[010]≈40×D[001]. Electrical and seismic anisotropies calculated from olivine LPO angular distribution functions modelled for a range of shear strains under a simple shear deformation demonstrate that the intensity of olivine [100] alignments (and associated shear strains) that would be required to explain the electrical anisotropy in the mantle below central Australia are significantly greater than predicted by Rayleigh wave anisotropies. The poor agreement between the observed electrical anisotropies and the electrical anisotropies that would be predicted from the Rayleigh wave anisotropies indicates that either (i) electrical anisotropy in the upper mantle below central Australia is not generated by hydrogen diffusivity alone or (ii) the seismic anisotropy is underestimated. The orientation of the olivine [100] axes maxima is inferred to be ∼30° rotated relative to the direction of present-day absolute plate motion (APM) that is determined relative to the hotspot reference frame (HS2-NUVEL1). Both the APM direction that is determined relative to a reference frame defined by requiring no-net rotation of the lithosphere (NNR-NUVEL1) and GPS-derived plate motion vectors fit the geophysical observations of upper mantle anisotropy better. This may support the contention that hotspots are not stationary relative to the deep mantle. 相似文献