IMPACT EVALUATION OF HAIZUKA DAM ON ITS UP STREAM： A CASE STUDY IN HIROSHIMA PREFECTURE, JAPAN

Japan ranks fifth in the world for the number of large dams. Environmental impacts of large dams are known, such as enormous losses of water or disruption of fish spawning, however, impacts of the dams on their up streams are functions of topography of the up stream. Haizuka Dam is located in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan and its implementation will start in 2006. This large dam influences its up stream through dam making activities, which occurs in order and with different spatial presences that were categorized into chronological and spatial impacts. In this case study, spatial impacts were further divided into horizontal and vertical ones. The horizontal impacts were identified as new roads, diversion tunnel, dam lake, and submerged cultivated land, while vertical impacts were recognized as submerged historical monuments, slope protections, dam body, and deforested area in the reservoir. There were convergences of spatial and temporal impacts, however, the extent of the impacts was limited to the lake boundary.     

阜新务欢池－铁匠各冷地区中性杂岩体的地质特征及成因探讨

阜新务欢池－铁匠各冷地区中性岩成分多变，岩石类型复杂，为偏铝质岩石，钙碱性系列。根据其地质特征并结合其他资料，可将其解体为三个杂岩体。杂岩体具有同源演化特征，同位素年龄为１６９～２２４Ｍａ，属华力西晚期～燕山早期岩浆活动产物。其岩浆来源于上地幔或下地壳，属被动式就位     

矿物包裹体的气、液相成分测定

矿物中包裹体温度、压力和气、液相成分的测定数据是阐明矿床成因、成矿物质来源、成矿物质化学条件和成矿元素运移方式等的重要地球化学参数。本文介绍了用载气热爆—气相色谱法测定气相成分(H_2、O_2、N_2、CH_4、CO、CO_2、H_2O)和用超声波提取液相成分,再用原子吸收分光光度计法和数字离子计法分别测定阳离子(K~+、Na~+、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+))、阴离子(F~-、Cl~-)。对实验装置、工作条件和分析步骤等本文均有叙述。并以石英标样,对实验结果作了初步讨论。其中对气相成分的提取,用载气热爆法代替真空热爆法可提高工作效率五倍。     

Relevance of Bathymetry for Tsunami Run‐up Modeling

Abstract

Marine positioning is relevant for several aspects of tsunami research, observation, and prediction. These include accurate positioning of instruments on the ocean bottom for determining the deep‐water signature of the tsunami, seismic observational setups to measure the earthquake parameters, equipment to determine the tsunami characteristics during the propagation phase, and instruments to map the vertical uplift and subsidence that occurs during a dip‐slip earthquake.

In the accurate calculation of coastal tsunami run‐up through numerical models, accurate bathymetry is needed, not only near the coast (for tsunami run‐up) but also in the deep ocean (for tsunami generation and propagation). If the bathymetry is wrong in the source region, errors will accumulate and will render the numerical calculations inaccurate. Without correct and detailed run‐up values on the various coastlines, tsunami prediction for actual events will lead to false alarms and loss of public confidence.     

Mesoproboloides excavata n. sp. (Amphipoda: Gammaridea: Stenothoidae) from New Zealand

Mesoproboloid.es excavata n. sp. is described and illustrated from material collected at Kaikoura, New Zealand. It differs most conspicuously from the other three known species of the genus in the posterodistally excavate coxa 4, the stout, blunt lobe distally on article 1 of antenna 1, the crenulate ventral margins of coxae 2–4, and the castellate posterior margin of article 2 of pereopod 5. The structure and distribution of minute organs, probably sensory receptors, densely distributed over much, of the integument was examined by scanning electron microscopy. The genus Mesoproboloides is now seen to be cold temperate‐subantarctic in occurrence.     

一种扩展SURF描述符及其在遥感图像配准中的应用

针对经典算法存在着运算时间过长或者匹配正确率不高的情况,提出一种扩展的SURF描述符。在原始SURF描述符的基础上,通过计算特征点相应尺度上的邻域采样点的局部归一化灰度统计信息以及二阶梯度值细节信息,形成新的扩展描述符。该方法不但能传承SURF算法速度快的优良性能,还能充分利用图像的灰度信息和细节信息。通过试验表明,综合考虑算法运行效率与匹配正确率,本文算法较原有经典算法更具稳健性。     

Cross‐agency coordination in the shadow of hierarchy: ‘joining up’ government geospatial information systems

Government agencies striving to make geospatial information systems interoperable and cost‐effective often appear to function as a self‐regulating network shaped only by internal trust and reciprocity. However, recent public management research suggests that external steering of a network, exercised by authoritative bodies through hierarchical means, may invigorate cross‐agency coordination. The two case studies of federal geospatial coordination in Canada and the USA confirm this emerging theory of network–hierarchy dynamics. In these countries, the central budget agency (CBA) is influencing resource flows and accountabilities within a federal geospatial network of government agencies, which in turn affects how these agencies deliver ‘joined up’ services. The CBA relies upon three types of tools: the shaping of network governing structures, promotion of uptake of new management information systems, and the use of evaluation (scrutiny) to solidify accountabilities of the network. Since these tools cast a shadow of hierarchy upon the network, they may be viewed as counter to the voluntary ethos of networks. However, the case studies suggest that the CBA's actions appear to confer legitimacy to the network—resulting in a seeming contradiction—greater central control, more vigorous, distributed geospatial coordination.     

贵州省织金县四方井岩溶大泉断流原因浅析

本文通过对织金县城四方井岩溶大泉系统的岩溶发育规律、水文地质特征、地下水动力条件进行调查分析,认为织金县四方井岩溶大泉的突然断流与2010年西南特大干旱造成区域地下水位的急剧下降及位于主径流带上的高层建筑深基坑施工产生的动荷载导致的塌陷体堵塞地下水径流通道有着密切联系。     

高压喷射灌浆防渗技术在水库大坝基础处理中的应用

高压喷射灌浆防渗技术是国内正在推广的一种新型防渗技术,适用范围较广。阜康市红山水库始建于70年代,当时未对坝基11.5~4.2m厚漂卵砾石层进行防渗处理。本次除险加固对坝基采用了高压喷射灌浆防渗处理,经检测防渗质量满足相关规范要求。高压喷射灌浆技术在漂卵砾石层中的成功应用,对该项技术的推广具有参考价值。