Study of high temperature targets identification and temperature retrieval experimental model in SWIR remote sensing based Landsat8

For surface features in short-wave infrared (SWIR, 1.3–3.0 μm) in remote sensing imagery, pixel values depict the total energy including reflection and emission. For surface features at normal temperature in SWIR band, emission energy can be ignored. While for surface features at high temperature in SWIR band, emission energy is equal to or even higher than the reflection energy. So remote sensing imagery of SWIR band can be used to separate emission and reflection energy as well as to realize temperature retrieval of high temperature targets. In this study, the seventh band (SWIR band) of Landsat8 OLI remote sensing imagery is used to perform the theoretical model research for temperature retrieval of high temperature targets. In the meantime, it is also used with the corresponding observation experiment of synchronization satellite to check the theoretical model. The result shows that the radiant flux density for mixed pixels with high temperature targets is higher than adjacent pixels without high temperature targets. Thus, the high temperature pixels can be identified in SWIR band. The retrieval results of temperature and fractional area for high temperature targets are consistent with reality. In the study, the result illustrates that it is effective to identify high temperature targets in remote sensing imagery of SWIR band and the model is appropriate for temperature retrieval use.     

不动产统一登记信息平台建设探讨

不动产统一登记信息平台的建立是不动产统一登记工作实现信息实时更新和共享的基础。以构建不动产统一登记信息平台为主线,提出了以土地为核心的不动产单元构建方法,构建了以不动产单元为基础的不动产权利登记体系,分析了不动产登记业务与不动产管理其他相关业务的关联。在此基础上,明晰了不动产统一登记信息平台在国土资源信息化总体框架中的定位,以徐州市为例,给出了市(县)级不动产统一登记信息平台建设的主要内容,对当前不动产统一登记信息平台的建设进行了有益的探索。     

Quantitative seismic geomorphology of a submarine channel system in SE Brazil (Espírito Santo Basin): Scale comparison with other submarine channel systems

Detailed morphological analyses of a Pleistocene-Holocene submarine channel system in terms of its hierarchical framework, were carried out using a 3D seismic volume from offshore Espírito Santo, SE Brazil. The channel morphology shows marked variations, with five segments (Segments a to e) being identified along its full length. For example, the cross-sectional area of the channel decreases by a factor of 70 from Segment a to Segment c, and is then followed by a nearly four-fold increase from Segment c to Segment d. The significant changes in channel morphology relate to temporal and spatial variations in flow volume within the channel. In the same channel system, the valley reveals three distinct segments (Segments A to C), with similar aspect ratios but marked variations in morphology along the valley distance. Valley morphological changes are chiefly affected by erosional processes. Segment B is characterised by the largest valley-base width, valley width, and cross-sectional area compared to the other two segments. Valley enlargement in Segment B results from relatively high degrees of lateral channel migration and associated cut bank erosion, leading to the widening of the valley, especially the valley base. In Segment C, the valley is characterised by inner bank erosion in the form of shallow-seated mass failures, which only enlarged the upper part of the valley wall. The spatial variations in both channel and valley morphology documented here suggest an important role of local factors (e.g. salt diapirs, tributaries, overbank collapse) in the development of channel systems. Hence, the morphological analyses developed in this work provide an effective tool for studying channels and valleys on continental slopes around the world.     

中国—吉尔吉斯斯坦天山构造格架与演化

中国—吉尔吉斯斯坦天山地处中亚天山造山带中段,地质构造复杂,矿产资源丰富。在前人资料基础上,基于区域构造-岩石组合的分布发育及时空属性特征,统一将研究区划分为哈萨克斯坦和塔里木两大板块,二者由南天山晚古生代缝合带所焊接。其中,进一步划分为5个二级单元,18个三级单元。研究认为,研究区内北、中、南天山构造格架连续,在800 Ma(相当于南华纪下限)前后都完成了大陆块体的拼合,成为全球新元古代罗迪尼亚超大陆的组成部分。此后经历了大致相同的构造演化史,从中二叠世开始全区转化成陆内盆山构造格局,新生代印度大陆同欧亚大陆碰撞使这一陆内盆山构造格局不断臻于完善。     

河流景观生态学的发展与当前核心议题

河流景观生态学已成为河流科学研究与应用的新范式,但国内研究还颇为不足。从河流景观生态学发展的逻辑必然性、主要进程、基本内容与重要理论等方面进行了总结。结果显示,多尺度跨学科整体论河流认识要求和景观尺度上处理河流问题的实践需求共同推动河流景观生态学的迅速发展,其中心议题是河流物理景观系统与生物系统在不同等级尺度上的结构、格局与功能过程,尤其重视物理景观与不同等级生物系统的相互作用关系,对河流景观多尺度等级性、高动态性和有向性等突出性质的认识已取得重要理论发展。指出当前面临5个方面的核心议题亟需取得突破:改进和统一河流景观分类系统、河流景观跨尺度研究、河流景观方法对经典河流生态理论的再认识、河流景观机理与模拟、河流景观对气候变化与区域土地利用/覆被变化的响应研究。     

降雨型地质灾害预报方法研究进展

开展降雨型地质灾害预报是减少灾害损失的有效方法。该文在讨论降雨型地质灾害预报相关概念的基础上,结合国内外已有的研究成果,系统总结了隐式统计模型、显式统计模型和动力模型等降雨型地质灾害预报模型的特点和适用条件。近几年区域降雨型地质灾害的预报技术研究有以下新特点:统计模型简单实用,目前已经由单一考虑降雨特征的第1代隐式统计模型,进一步发展为考虑地质、地貌等静态因子的显示统计模型;动力模型逐渐由基于垂直入渗理论的边坡稳定性模型开始向基于水土耦合机制的复杂预报模型发展;降雨型地质灾害业务预报预警的核心是地质灾害预报模型的本地化运行,我国已经基于统计模型搭建了服务于不同区域的业务预报预警系统。结合多源预报降雨资料,搭建基于水土耦合机制的降雨型地质灾害集合预报预警系统是未来可能的发展方向。     

地震工程研究的科学大平台

始于十九世纪末的地震工程研究,在其100多年的历史中积累了大量的理论和实践经验,随之而建设起来的各类地震工程实验设施分布于世界各地。近20年来,信息技术的飞速发展使得分布于世界各地的实验设施通过网络实现协同实验和资源共享。基于以上的信息,为了更好更快地和国际接轨,本文提出了建设一个地震工程研究领域的科学大平台设想。这个大平台包括三个方面的内容:数值模拟,网络协同实验系统和基础信息系统,将形成本领域开放性的综合科学平台。在数值模拟方面,这个科学平台将利用最新的信息技术将本领域的科学研究结果和方法集成起来,形成一个模块式的科学研究平台系统。在网络协同实验方面,将采纳美国NEES的思路,并对其改进和提高之后应用于中国。在基础数据方面,将利用最为先进的数据仓储技术,建设一个可以服务于地震工程科学研究的数据平台。最后,文章给出了建设这个科学平台的规划,以及目前的进展和资金支持等情况。     

Joint probability density function of the stochastic responses of nonlinear structures

The joint probability density fimction （PDF） of different structural responses is a very important topic in the stochastic response analysis of nonlinear structures. In this paper, the probability density evolution method, which is successfully developed to capture the instantaneous PDF of an arbitrary single response of interest, is extended to evaluate the joint PDF of any two responses. A two-dimensional partial differential equation in terms of the joint PDF is established. The strategy of selecting representative points via the number theoretical method and sieved by a hyper-ellipsoid is outlined. A two-dimensional difference scheme is developed. The free vibration of an SDOF system is examined to verify the proposed method, and a flame structure exhibiting hysteresis subjected to stochastic ground motion is investigated. It is pointed out that the correlation of different responses results from the fact that randomness of different responses comes from the same set of basic random parameters involved. In other words, the essence of the probabilistic correlation is a physical correlation.     

区域产业升级理论评价和升级目标层次论建构

产业升级相关文献综述表明,区域产业升级具有丰富的理论含义.产业结构升级研究寻求对产业宏观结构比例的统计学意义上的优化;产业地域分工思路则考察产业分布演进的空间格局及其升级含义;企业升级思路则细化到产业内部,指出企业创新以获得更高附加值是产业升级的根本;集群研究则注意到区域产业发展的整体特征,并指出了推动产业集聚、产业联系与创新等升级含义.中国集群实践更进一步验证了集群层面集体效率的提升以及企业发展环境的和谐共进(区域发展目标)也是影响产业升级的重要方面.在讨论产业升级的经济维度与空间维度、个体层面与系统层面的基础上重新构建区域产业发展的理论框架,认为企业升级、集群升级和区域和谐3个层次构成了区域产业升级的3个目标层次,其相互衔接与互动对于区域产业发展具有重要意义.