拉萨地磁台地磁相对记录室磁场梯度对比分析

测量拉萨地磁台观测区内自然地磁场梯度和建成地磁记录室后的地磁场梯度,并测量新建记录室内不同高度磁场梯度,对比分析新建地磁记录室内的磁场稳定性,进而找出潜在干扰源,并采取有效措施予以去除,为产出连续可靠的地磁相对记录数据提供环境条件.     

秭归龙会观5.1级震区及其邻区新生代以来的地壳应力场特征

为了研究三峡坝库区的地壳稳定性,根据奥陶－侏罗纪地层中构造变形的实际观测资料,计算了秭归龙会观５．１级震区及其邻区新生代以来区域应力场的主应力方向。结果表明：主压应力为北东东向,主张应力为北北西向;现代构造应力场与新生代以来应力场基本一致;晚第三纪以来,该区构造应力场相对稳定和统一。     

黄龙铺钼矿田含矿碳酸岩地球化学特征及其形成构造背景

陕西黄龙铺钼矿田是东秦岭钼矿带中成矿类型最为独特的矿床,多数矿体产于晚三叠纪（220Ma）的碳酸岩岩脉内。其中,石家湾Ⅱ号矿体碳酸岩的Sr和REE含量异常高,δ¹³C_PDB为 -6.75‰~ -6.92‰,δ¹⁸O_SMOWO为8.69‰~9.48‰,显示典型的火成碳酸岩的特征。在世界范围内,碳酸岩来自地幔低程度部分熔融或交代作用,稀土配分模式为陡倾斜的轻稀土富集型,但石家湾碳酸岩HREE含量异常高,稀土配分模式平坦,不同于世界其它地区的碳酸岩,这要求源区必须相对亏损LREE,相对富集HREE。显然,如此源区与俯冲洋壳部分熔融之后的残留相榴辉岩的特征一致。因此,我们认为,勉略洋壳在三叠纪向北俯冲至秦岭-华北联合陆块之下,通过变质脱水熔融而形成岩浆弧,随后,在弧后扩张带发生残余榴辉岩的低程度部分熔融或交代而形成碳酸岩岩浆,导致黄龙铺矿田形成。如此以来,秦岭地区在220Ma左右仍有B型俯冲作用,碰撞造山作用并没有结束。     

斜坡应力分布的系统测试与反演分析

采用简易、快速、经济的洞壁应力恢复法对某工程边坡勘探平硐洞壁应力场作了系统测试, 并采用FLAC2D软件对测试成果作了斜坡初始应力的反演分析。结果表明, 斜坡应力场随深度变化具有明显分带性, 应力量值随硐深曲线具有典型的驼峰式特征, 与理论分析结果相符, 表明该方法能较好地应用于斜坡应力场的系统测试和研究。成果对认识斜坡岩体的变形破裂及卸荷特征等具有重要意义。     

呼和浩特—包头盆地震源应力场状态分析

为了分析呼和浩特—包头盆地现今应力场状态,基于内蒙古地震台网记录的地震波形资料,运用振幅比方法获取2000—2016年该盆地及周边M_L≥2.7地震的震源机制解,计算其一致性参数,并反演区域应力场。结果表明,震源机制解特征主要表现为走滑特征,一致性参数空间分布处于低值状态,力轴方位基本与该区的应力场背景特征相符,即主压应力方位为北东、张应力方位为北西。     

CHARACTERISTICS OF TECTONIC STRESS FIELD OF THE XIAOWAN RESERVOIR BEFORE AND AFTER THE IMPOUNDMENT

Using the seismic waveform data of Xiaowan seismic network and Yunnan seismic network, we determined the focal mechanisms of 36 earthquakes(M_L ≥ 3.0)from Jun. 2005 to Dec. 2008 and 51 earthquakes(M_L ≥ 2.5)from Jan. 2009 to Dec. 2015 by generalized polarity and amplitude technique. We inverted tectonic stress field of the Xiaowan reservoir before impounding, using the focal mechanisms of 36 earthquakes(M_L ≥ 3.0)from Jun. 2005 to Dec. 2008 and CAP solutions of 58 earthquakes(M_L ≥ 4.0)collected and the solutions in the Global Centroid Moment Tensor(GCMT)catalog; We inverted local stress field of the reservoir-triggered earthquake clustering area, using 51 earthquakes(M_L ≥ 2.5)from Jan. 2009 to Dec. 2015. Focal mechanisms statistics show that, the Weixi-Qiaohou Fault is the seismic fault. Focal mechanisms were strike-slip type in initial stage, but normal fault type in later stage. Focal depths statistics of 51 earthquakes(M_L ≥ 2.5)show that, the average value of focal depths in period Ⅰ, period Ⅱ and period Ⅲ are 8.2km, 7.3km and 7.8km respectively and the standard deviations are 4.3km, 3.5km and 6.0km respectively. The average value of focal depths is basically stable in different period, only the standard deviation is slightly different. Therefore, there is not positive connection between focal depth and deviation of focal mechanisms. What's more, there are 2 earthquakes(number 46 and number 47 in Fig.5 and Table 3)with almost the same magnitude, epicenter and focal depth, but they have different faulting types as normal and strike-slip. The focal mechanism of event No.46 is strike:302°, dip:40° and rake:-97° for plane Ⅰ, however, the focal mechanism of event No.47 is strike:292°, dip:82° and rake:140° for plane Ⅰ. Likewise, earthquake of number 3 and number 18 have similar characteristic. Therefore, the obvious focal mechanism difference of similar earthquake pair indicates the complexity of Weixi-Qiaohou Fault. Considering the quiet-active character of reservoir-triggered earthquakes, we discussed the change of local stress field in different period. The σ₁ of tectonic stress field was in the near-south direction, with a dip angle of 14° before the impoundment, however, the direction of σ₁ of local stress field changed continuously, with the dip angle getting larger after the impoundment. The direction of σ₁ of local stress field of reservoir-triggered earthquake clustering area is close to the strike of Weixi-Qiaohou Fault, and reservoir impoundment increased the shear stress in the fault, so the weakening of fault was beneficial to trigger earthquakes. Comprehensive analysis suggests that fluid permeation and pore pressure diffusion caused by the water impounding, and the weakening of fault caused by local stress field are the key factors to trigger earthquake in the Xiaowan reservoir.     

Influence of single flaw on the failure process and energy mechanics of rock-like material

This paper investigates the influence of a flaw on crack initiation, the failure mode, deformation field and energy mechanism of the rock-like material under uniaxial compression. The results of laboratory test and numerical simulation demonstrate the flaw inclination effect can be classified into three groups: 0–30°, 30–60° and 75–90°. The characteristic stresses increase as the flaw angle increases. The tensile cracks initiate from gentle flaws (α ⩽ 30°) and shear cracks appear at tips of steep flaws (α ⩾ 45°). The input energy, strain energy and dissipation energy of a specimen show approximate increasing trends as the flaw angle increases.     

秦岭—大别东段应力状态研究

本文首先通过Snoke发展的利用P波、 SV波和SH波的初动和振幅比方法计算秦岭—大别东段2008年以来83次M_L≥2.5地震的震源机制解, 然后通过FMSI方法反演得到平均应力场的方向特征: 近东西向的水平挤压和近南北向的水平拉张作用, 与参数统计结果一致; 进而通过震源机制的一致性参数分析应力场方向的变化信息。 分析表明震源机制解呈现了由变化紊乱、 偏离平均应力场到变化一致、 趋于平均应力场再到变化紊乱、 偏离平均应力场的变化过程, 在显著地震前, 研究区整体的震源机制一致性参数处于持续低值状态; 计算了2008年以来93次M_L≥2.5地震的视应力, 拟合视应力与震级的关系, 分析扣除震级影响的差视应力随时间变化特征, 近似反映研究区应力大小的变化。 分析表明显著地震前研究区的差视应力值呈现出明显的先上升后下降的变化过程, 在下降过程中发生地震; 最后利用震源机制一致性参数和差视应力综合分析研究区的应力状态, 均表明显著地震前震源区的构造应力场增强。 目前研究区的震源机制一致性参数较高、 差视应力较低, 研究区的应力水平较低。     

2017-08-09新疆精河Ms6.6地震附近区域相对应变的变化分析

2017年精河M_S6.6地震震前,尼勒克、巴伦台和小泉沟台钻孔应变仪记录到显著的应变变化,经现场落实确认,异常是可靠的。根据这3个台的记录资料计算相对应变的变化,结果表明,地震前最大（小）主应变大小和方向分别出现明显加速和急剧偏转变化。此外还发现,相对应变场异常期间主方向与震源机制解P轴方位较为一致。     

内蒙古乌达地区地球物理场特征与地下煤火分布

以2004年内蒙古乌达地区1:5000大比例尺的直升机航空电磁、磁综合测量资料为基础,结合地面煤田地质、物探、遥感等资料,对内蒙古乌达地区的航空磁场特征、航空电磁场特征与地下煤火分布的关系进行了分析与研究,在综合分析的基础上,建立了该区的地下煤火划分标志,并对该区的地下煤火分布和燃烧状况进行了分析和圈定.