小极距高密度电法在城镇供水管漏水检测中的应用

城市地下供水管破损漏水检测,一般使用听音工具和设备来进行,这种需要漏水点传出声音的检测方式,效果往往并不理想。使用一种新的检测方法,无需利用声音,而是通过供水管漏水造成地层电性变化这一特征,使用小极距高密度电法查明管道漏水点位置。该检测方式不仅解决了常规方法难以查明的供水管漏水问题,而且拓展了小极距高密度电法的应用空间。     

节理分布空间变异的地下洞室稳定性概率分析

以岩土材料力学参数空间变异性的"点估计-有限元"分析方法为基础,结合节理分析时自身存在几何模型、网格划分等特性,扩展了该方法在节理分布空间变异性分析方面的适用性,明确了具体的研究步骤与方法。以某抽水蓄能水电站为例,通过分析节理空间变异性对围岩变形与塑性区的影响,验证了扩展后该方法的准确性和合理性。对工程案例开挖揭露的1400余条节理进行概率统计,建立了节理空间变异性的有限元分析模型;采用扩展后的概率分析方法,研究了节理分布对地下洞室群围岩开挖稳定性的影响。研究结果表明:(1)对比概率分析得到的围岩变形概率分布与现场监测结果,发现剔除变形异常点后监测变形量值大部分位于得到的位移概率分布范围内,说明节理的空间变异性是导致监测变形波动的主要影响因素;(2)围岩变形概率分布的标准差能有效识别出围岩开挖变形受节理空间变异性的影响程度,对于所给出的案例依次为:机窝>边墙>顶拱;(3)围岩塑性区的概率分区能合理判断地下洞室群开挖时受节理影响较大的区域和范围,为工程施工的支护设计提供依据。     

成层软土地基预固结处理后桩基水平承载力估算方法

目前通过对软土地基预加固处理来提高桩基水平承载力已被工程界认可,但如何在工程前期设计过程中估算软土地基预处理后桩基水平承载力提高值仍是技术难点。基于此,参考Bowles[1]的地基土水平抗力计算式,同时考虑成层软土地基预排水固结处理影响,通过数学推导,推求出根据原状软土室内土工试验抗剪强度指标及预加固处理时间,估算软土地基预处理后桩基水平承载力提高值的实用计算方法。考虑桩侧土弹塑性屈服影响,推导出成层软土中水平受荷桩弹塑性解析解及塑性区深度的计算式,给出了桩顶水平位移、桩身最大弯矩的无量纲计算式及相关计算源代码。依托于浙江省某水闸桩基工程案例,根据提出的计算方法对桩基水平承载力、桩顶水平位移及桩身最大弯矩等性状进行预估计算,并与地基预处理前、后现场试桩检测值进行验证对比,认为桩基水平承载力、桩顶水平位移及桩身最大弯矩等预估计算成果与工程现场试桩的检测值较接近,对类似工程设计具有较好的参考价值。     

利用废弃地下空间建设战略原油储备库的构想

当前各国原油储库主要分为地面储库、地下盐穴储库和地下水封洞窟3种类型.根据我国实际情况分析,这3种类型储库均难以在我国推广.通过分析中国东北地区现有废弃矿山情况,结合地下原油储库的工程技术条件,提出了利用废弃矿山改造地下空间,用以建设战略原油储库的构想.建议尽快开展东北地区废弃矿山地下空间综合调查工作,启动相关地下油气储库封闭实验等测试研究工作.     

物探技术在布敦乌拉隐伏矿产勘查中的应用效果

内蒙古西乌珠穆沁旗布敦乌拉矿区多为第四系覆盖。在该矿区多金属勘查中,依据土壤地球化学圈定的矿化异常布置激电中梯测量,圈定1处激发极化率异常区,长度约890m,宽度约520m,位于已知断层F 1与推断断层F 2之间。采用可控源音频大地电磁测深剖面对该激电异常进行探测,解释视充电率多峰异常与反演电阻率高低跳跃对应区域为矿致异常区。通过钻探验证,发现银多金属矿床资源储量523.93万t,取得了良好的地质找矿效果。     

Reducing wind power curtailment in China: comparing the roles of coal power flexibility and improved dispatch

Renewable energy curtailment is a critical issue in China, impeding the country’s transition to clean energy and its ability to meet its climate goals. This paper analyzes the impacts of more flexible coal-fired power generation and improved power dispatch towards reducing wind power curtailment. A unit commitment model for power dispatch is used to conduct the analysis, with different scenarios demonstrating the relative impacts of more flexible coal-fired generation and improved power dispatch. Overall, while we find both options are effective in reducing wind power curtailment, we find that improved power dispatch is more effective: (1) the effect of ramping down coal-fired generators to reduce wind power curtailment lessens as the minimum output of coal-fired generation is decreased; and (2) as a result, at higher wind capacity levels, wind curtailment is much more significantly reduced with improved power dispatch than with decreased minimum output of coal-fired generation.

Key policy insights

• China should emphasize both coal power flexibility and dispatch in its policies to minimize renewable power curtailment and promote clean energy transition.

• China should accelerate the process of implementing spot market and marginal cost-based economic dispatch, while making incremental improvements to the existing equal share dispatch in places not ready for spot market.

• A key step in improving of dispatch is incorporating renewable power forecasts into the unit commitment process and updating the daily unit commitment based on the latest forecast result.

• China should expand the coal power flexibility retrofit programme and promote the further development of the ancillary service market to encourage more flexibility from coal-fired generation.

     

广西气象数据中心机房供电系统设计与保障

针对供配电系统容易发生的安全隐患,优化设计配电系统结构、采用一体化运维监控平台和采用高质量、高可靠性的设备,消除单点故障瓶颈,确保在停电、设备故障、维修维护等各种情况下提供不中断或快速恢复供电,避免停电对业务正常运行造成影响,确保机房供电安全。     

基于小波长短期记忆网络的风电功率超短期概率预测

随着大规模的风电并网,风电所具有的间歇性与随机性对电力系统的稳定性产生了很大的影响,风电功率预测成为当前解决该问题重要的方式之一.本文利用长短期记忆（LSTM）网络良好的时序记忆特性,将小波分解技术与LSTM深度网络结合,提出基于小波长短期记忆网络的风电功率超短期概率预测模型.首先通过小波分解技术将原始时间序列进行平稳化处理,再建立各子序列样本的LSTM网络预测模型,借助最大似然估计法估计预测误差的高斯分布函数,最终实现对未来4 h时刻的风电功率概率区间预测.最后,采用中国东北某风电场数据对所提方法进行算例分析,结果表明,将小波分解与深度学习方法结合可以较好地提高预测的精度,提高概率预测的区间可靠性.     

论城市地下管线MIS与城市规划管理的关系——以胶南市城市地下管线MIS为例

在分析山东省胶南市城市地下管线M IS的基础上,从两个方面论述了城市地下管线与城市规划管理的关系,认为城市地下管线M IS和城市规划管理之间相互作用、互为补充、关系密切。城市地下管线M IS为城市规划管理工作提供了准确而有现势性的基础资料,提高了规划管理的工作效能和城市规划管理水平;城市规划管理保障了城市地下管线M IS数据的动态更新和现势性,实现地下管线从规划设计审批竣工测量,到系统数据更新的全过程动态管理。     

PARAMETER AND VARIANCE ESTIMATION IN GEOTECHNICAL BACKANALYSIS USING PRIOR INFORMATION

A probabilistic framework to perform inverse analysis of geotechnical problems is presented. The formulation allows the incorporation of existing prior information on the parameters in a consistent way. The method is based on the maximum likelihood approach that allows a straightforward introduction of the error structure of field measurements and prior information. The difficulty of ascribing definite values to the uncertainties associated with the various types of observations is overcome by including the corresponding variances in the set of parameters to be identified. The inverse analysis results in a minimization problem that is solved by coupling the optimization technique to the finite element method. Two examples are presented to illustrate the performance of the method. The first one corresponds to a synthetic case simulating the excavation of a tunnel. Young's modulus, K₀ value and measurements variances are identified. The second case concerns the excavation of a large underground cavern in which again Young's modulus and K₀ are identified. It is shown that introduction of prior information permits the estimation of parameters more consistent with all available informations that include not only monitored displacements but also results from in situ tests carried out during the site investigation stage.