海南夏季雷暴时空分布特征及成因

利用海南18个市县雷暴资料、海南地形高度资料、海南日最高气温资料、海口和三亚2个测站日辐射观测资料和海南中尺度乡镇自动站逐时风资料等,研究海南夏季雷暴时空分布特征及可能原因.结果表明:海南大部分地区夏季雷暴主要发生在白天,集中发生在午后,只有以三亚为代表的南部地区表现出雷暴主要发生在夜间,与其余地区相反.研究认为这种差...     

209国道许家湾滑坡的成因及治理对策

结合许家湾滑坡灾害点的地质背景资料和现场勘察结果，从滑坡区的地貌、区域地质构造、地层岩性、土壤特性、水文地质特征以及人类工程活动等方面分析滑坡成因机制。指出同向多层次结构的边坡类型、山高坡陡及地表水汇集走廊的地貌特征、发育多组密集节理的区域地质构造、软硬互层的地层岩性、土体的残余强度特性等是滑坡形成的内因；而人为削坡、强降雨和破坏植被营造水耕梯田等人类活动所造成的流水浸蚀，是滑坡形成的诱发空子。基于滑坡稳定性的定量计算，确定了采用抗滑挡土墙、格构式地梁和垫梁组成抗滑系统，并布置了由树枝笼渗沟构成的排水系统等工程治理措施。现场监测结果表明滑坡治理措施卓有成效。     

国外海岸沙丘形成与演化的研究

自20世纪80年代以来，国外对海岸沙丘的研究已从主要对其地貌形态的研究转向海岸海丘与海岸变迁尤其是全球变化关系的研究上，海岸沙丘形成与演化的研究倍受关注，进行了大量研究并取得了一定的研究成果。这里介绍了国外在海岸沙丘形成与演化研究方面的主要进展及其成果，并以此探讨了国内今后开展海岸沙丘形成与演化研究的主要方向与问题。     

Formation Dynamics and Quantitative Prediction of Hydrocarbons of the Superpressure System in the Dongying Sag

Based on the theory of formation dynamics of oil/gas pools, the Dongying sag can be divided into three dynamic systems regarding the accumulation of oil and gas： the superpressure closed system, the semi-closed system and the normal pressure open system. Based on the analysis of genesis of superpressure in the superpressure closed system and the rule of hydrocarbon expulsion, it is found that hydrocarbon generation is related to superpressure, which is the main driving factor of hydrocarbon migration. Micro fractures formed by superpressure are the main channels for hydrocarbon migration. There are three dynamic patterns for hydrocarbon expulsion： free water drainage, hydrocarbon accumulation and drainage through micro fissures. In the superpressure closed system, the oil-driving-water process and oil/gas accumulation were completed in lithologic traps by way of such two dynamic patterns as episodic evolution of superpressure systems and episodic pressure release of faults. The oil-bearing capacity of lithologic traps is intimately related to reservoir-forming dynamic force. Quantitative evaluation of dynamic conditions for pool formation can effectively predict the oil-bearing capability of traps.     

大巴山前陆冲断带古水动力演化阶段及其对油气藏形成和保存的影响

针对传统古水动力阶段划分存在的问题,结合大巴山前陆冲断带特殊构造特征,以油气成藏组合为单元,将大巴山前陆冲断带古水动力演化阶段划分为沉积水动力阶段、渗入水动力阶段、构造作用水动力阶段和埋藏水动力阶段。其中下部油气成藏组合主要经历了1个沉积水动力阶段、4个渗入水动力阶段、4个埋藏水动力阶段和3个构造作用水动力阶段,中部油气成藏组合主要经历了1个沉积水动力阶段、3个渗入水动力阶段、2个埋藏水动力阶段和3个构造作用水动力阶段,而上部油气成藏组合主要经历了渗入水动力阶段。二叠纪至早白垩世的埋藏水动力阶段有利于下部油气成藏组合油气的生成和运聚成藏,但是构造作用水动力阶段,对油气藏的调整和改造作用影响很大,晚白垩世之后的渗入水动力阶段,导致下部成藏组合的油气藏进一步遭到调整和破坏。在晚三叠世末至晚白垩世的埋藏水动力和构造作用水动力阶段,中部成藏组合的原油发生大量裂解,同时形成了许多调整-改造型油气藏,晚白垩世之后的渗入水动力和构造作用水动力阶段,大巴山前陆坳陷带中部成藏组合的油气藏发生了大量的调整和改造作用,而大巴山前陆基底拆离构造带和前陆盖层滑脱构造带中部成藏组合的油气藏则主要表现为改造和破坏作用。     

Alignment between luminous red galaxies and surrounding structures at z∼ 0.5

We analyse a high-redshift sample (0.4 < z < 0.5) of luminous red galaxies (LRGs) extracted from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey data release 4 and their surrounding structures to explore the presence of alignment effects of these bright galaxies with neighbour objects. In order to avoid projection effects, we compute photometric redshifts for galaxies within 3  h ⁻¹ Mpc in projection of LRGs and calculate the relative angle between the LRG major axis and the direction to neighbours within 1000 km s⁻¹. We find a clear signal of alignment between LRG orientations and the distribution of galaxies within 1.5  h ⁻¹ Mpc. The alignment effects are present only for the red population of tracers; LRG orientation is uncorrelated to the blue population of neighbour galaxies. These results add evidence to the alignment effects between primaries and satellites detected at low redshifts. We conclude that such alignments were already present at z ∼ 0.5.     

盆地动力学研究综述及展望

沉积盆地是地球系统的浅层组成部分,是壳-幔、岩石圈-软流圈两级圈层相互作用的浅部表现形式。沉积盆地分析不仅可以揭示不同类型化石能源、沉积型层控矿产、砂岩型铀矿等资源的分布规律,为矿产勘探提供直接依据,而且可以为大地构造演化过程、重大构造事件、全球环境变迁及气候演变提供丰富资料和详细证据。当代盆地分析不断从单一沉积学分析拓展到综合分析,从静态要素分析拓展到过程和动力机制分析。盆地动力学研究内容包括3部分,即以沉积学分析为主的盆地充填动力学、以构造地质学分析为主的盆地形成演化动力学和多学科交叉的盆地流体动力学研究。近10多年来,盆地动力学研究在深水沉积学、高精度层序地层学、源-汇系统、源区剥蚀过程及其深部响应、大陆边缘盆地动力学及盆地流体动力学等方面取得了长足的进展。     

苏北超高压变质带石桥构造窗地质特征

在苏北－胶南高压变质带（＂东海群＂＂胶南群＂）的腹地，赣榆县石桥附近，出露一套原始结构保存完好的浅变质沉积岩系。前人称为＂石桥群＂，时代为早元古代，不整合于＂东海群＂之上。１９９２年作者在野外一个新凿开的采石坑内发现深变质＂东海群＂片麻岩推覆在＂石桥群＂之上，其间为断层带。这个剖面展示了与前人观点相悖的证据。石桥群的微古化石研究以及与区域地层对比，定为震旦系。超高压变质带内出露的浅变质岩系厘定为＂石桥构造窗＂．这将直接影响对苏鲁造山带和高压－超高压变质带形成与演化的重塑。     

The genus Perissocytheridea Stephenson, 1938 (Crustacea: Ostracoda) and evidence of brackish water facies along the Oligo-Miocene,Pirabas Formation,eastern Amazonia,Brazil

Perissocytheridea Stephenson is characteristic of brackish water facies. In 57 samples from the Upper Oligocene to Lower Miocene, from five localities, Pirabas Formation, Pará State, Brazil eleven species have been identified. Among these species, four are new reports: Perissocytheridea punctoreticulata n. sp., Perissocytheridea largulateralis n. sp., Perissocytheridea colini n. sp. and Perissocytheridea pirabensis n. sp.; five species in open nomenclature: Perissocytheridea sp. 1, P. sp. 2, P. sp. 3, P. sp. 4, and P. sp. 5 and two species left in “aff.” abbreviation: Perissocytheridea aff. Perissocytheridea pumila and Perissocytheridea aff. Perissocytheridea brachyforma subsp. excavata. The distributional pattern of the Perissocytheridea combined with the occurrence of foraminifera Elphidium and Ammonia in the studied sections supports the presence of the brackish water facies to the respective layers. Their quantitative variation through the studied sections indicate more than one phase of salinity reduction (about >5 and <30 ppm) and/or the decrease of the sea level, forming lagoon along the Pirabas Formation. This genus has a wide paleobiogeographical occurrence and stratigraphic distribution ranging from the Cretaceous to Recent, and already been recorded in the northern of South America, especially in the Neogene of Solimões Basin, but this is the first report of a neotropical genus to the Oligo-Miocene deposits of Pirabas Formation, northern Brazilian Coast, Pará State.