Tracing sediment movement in interrill overland flow on a semi-arid grassland hillslope using magnetic susceptibility

Experiments were undertaken to determine the feasibility of tracing sediment movement in interrill overland flow. Crushed magnetite was introduced as a source-line 10 cm wide by 8 m long on a runoff plot 18 m wide by 29 m long located in southern Arizona. Initial magnetic susceptibilities along this source line, and along three transects located 0·25, 2·95 and 5 m downslope of the source-line, were measured. Movement of the magnetite in response to three rainfall simulation experiments was monitored. During the first two experiments, overland flow discharge was sampled at miniature flumes located along two cross sections on the plot downslope of the source-line, and at a supercritical flume at the plot outlet. Magnetic susceptibilities along the source-line and transects were measured after all three experiments. Results show that the magnetite moves very early in the experiments and that it reaches one of the flumes 2 m downslope of the source-line in 3 min. Most of the tracer moves a very short distance: 29·7 per cent is deposited within 25 cm of the source-line and only 2·2 per cent is deposited 2·95 m away. The deposition rate appears to decrease exponentially away from the source-line. Very little magnetite is recorded in the flow through the miniature flumes: in general it makes up less than 1 per cent of the total sediment load. No temporal pattern in these percentages is observed. Magnetite appears to be an effective tracer of sediment movement in interrill overland flow, though its higher density than natural soil may affect its detachment and transport.     

THE FORMATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF CAMS TWO-DIMENSIONAL DYNAMICAL-PHYSICAL CLIMATE MODEL

In the paper,we have developed a 2-D physical-dynamical coupled climate model.Some sensitive experiments have been done by use of this model.First of all,we have studied the effects of different results by two radiational calculation schemes on circulation variation.The calculated results have shown that the different radiation parameterization schemes give different results,therefore the variational effects of wind,temperature,and humidity field are presented on the medium-range circulation variation.Besides,we have also studied the role of the meridional eddy momentum fluxes in formation of the monsoon over East Asia.The results of study have shown that on the average,the roles of meridional eddy flux of momentum formative processes of monsoon which is added to momentum equations by using the scheme of moist process parameterization with plateau are manifest.     

跨孔同步视电阻率测量与应用

本文介绍了跨孔同步视电阻串测量工作方法。用解析法和有限元法计算了球体、二维板状体跨孔同步视电阻率测量曲线特征,并提出解释方法。该方法对解决跨孔间目标体的连通与延伸,确定目标体距测量孔的距离及解决目标体产状等方面具有较好的应用价值。在福建某铜金矿区的方法试验中与无线电波透视法比较取得了今人满意的效果。该方法对探测金属、非金属矿体、岩溶洞穴、断块油藏等方面将会显示出特殊作用。     

中国大陆现今地壳垂直运动概貌及其地球动力学的某些特征

本文根据均衡理论，编绘了我国大陆地区现今地壳垂直运动速率图（不包括台湾、海南等岛屿）。结果显示，我国大陆地区的运动特征为“南和或北降”、“东弱西强”；且明显地受印度板块和太平洋板块所控制，以印度板块的作用为最强烈。     

The historic evolution of Zhouyuan and the newest activity of the great Wei River fault

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用遥感图像分析中国东北新生代地壳水平运动

从遥感地质角度，结合地质、地貌来研究东北地区新生代地壳水平运动特征、规律。东北新生代地壳水平运动表现为水系变形、山体错移、新构造被错断、地质体错移变形等。呈现出其运动的广泛性、协调性、多期性、继承性和持续性。该区的应力场在新生代期间多次改变，并控制了主要断裂的活动方式。     

构造运动影响河流纵剖面及河道冲淤的数学模型

本文在一维河床动力学模型的基础上，增加了构造运动项，写出了考虑构造运动的河床动力学模型。并根据协同学原理，分析了不同活动强度的构造运动对河流纵剖面作用的情形和数量关系。最后以黄河下游河道为例，讨论了构造运动在河流纵剖面调整中的作用。     

运城盐湖沉积环境演化

运城盐湖位于山西地堑系运城断陷盆地内的次一级深断陷内。本文通过分析运城盆地新构造运动和运城盐湖区的地层,认为新构造运动对湖盆的形成和湖水、盐份和沉积物的补给起着很重要的作用;盐类矿物的沉积与气候变干有密切的关系;运城盐湖是特殊的构造和气候条件下的产物,是更新世早期古湖的残余。     

点源二维地电模型反演方法的研究

为了提高电法勘探数据解释的能力,寻找较好的二维反演方法,本文在研究改进的阻尼最小二乘法在二维反演中应用的同时,成功地引进和发展了Box-Kanemasu反演法。在微机上实现了电法勘探数据的二维反演解释。理论和实际地电模型的二维反演算例表明,该方法的理论是正确的,方法是切实可行的。