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Effect of URM infills on seismic vulnerability of Indian code designed RC frame buildings

Unreinforced Masonry(URM) is the most common partitioning material in framed buildings in India and many other countries.Although it is well-known that under lateral loading the behavior and modes of failure of the frame buildings change significantly due to infill-frame interaction,the general design practice is to treat infills as nonstructural elements and their stiffness,strength and interaction with the frame is often ignored,primarily because of difficulties in simulation and lack of modeling guidelines in design codes.The Indian Standard,like many other national codes,does not provide explicit insight into the anticipated performance and associated vulnerability of infilled frames.This paper presents an analytical study on the seismic performance and fragility analysis of Indian code-designed RC frame buildings with and without URM infills.Infills are modeled as diagonal struts as per ASCE 41 guidelines and various modes of failure are considered.HAZUS methodology along with nonlinear static analysis is used to compare the seismic vulnerability of bare and infilled frames.The comparative study suggests that URM infills result in a significant increase in the seismic vulnerability of RC frames and their effect needs to be properly incorporated in design codes.     

我国规范液化分析方法的发展设想

通过分析我国地震形势、液化震害潜在威胁以及震害防御工作现状,阐明了我国发展液化分析方法的客观需求,简要评述了我国规范中现有液化判别方法,总结了我国近来两次大地震液化考察经验,提出了与规范修订相关的研究设想。通过我国地震安全性评价工作的发展现状以及我国大陆地震重点监视区与第四纪沉积分布性态分析,说明了我国发展液化分析方法的必要性和紧迫性。根据2003年新疆巴楚地震和2008年汶川大地震中液化震害考察结果,比较我国规范现状,提出了与未来规范的完善和发展相关的10个研究课题,包括：液化对设计谱的影响、 特殊土类液化判定标准、区域性的液化判别标准、场地液化概率评价、基于液化土层PGD的结构物损害估计、液化引起地裂缝的生成条件、基于剪切波速的液化判别方法、VI度区内场地液化及危害性判定、深层土液化判定以及场地液化的现场判定和识别技术     

软弱地层注浆的细观力学模拟研究

基于散体介质理论的颗粒流方法,运用PFC2D软件对软弱地层注浆过程进行了细观力学模拟,研究了注浆压力、注浆时间、渗透性质及颗粒黏结强度对浆液扩散半径和注浆类型的影响规律。采用PFC2D软件内嵌的FISH语言,定义了提取特定位置流体域内压力值的函数,研究了浆液扩散的分布特征,考虑浆液黏度的时变性对浆液扩散范围的影响,定义有效注浆半径对其进行修正,得到的浆液扩散规律与球形扩散理论较为一致。结合工程实例进行了注浆细观力学数值模拟,并提出了科学的注浆方案,在现场应用后取得了较好的堵水加固效果     

三维地质体对AMT二维反演的影响研究

为探究三维地质体对二维反演结果地影响以及二维反演中极化模式的选择问题,设计了一系列二维、三维地电模型进行正演计算,并对正演结果进行二维反演计算。研究结果表明:相位受到三维畸变的影响较小,视电阻率较大;当三维异常体模型走向延伸较小时,TE模式的反演结果误差较大,TM模式的反演结果相对较好,但是反演得到了虚假的下覆构造,TE+TM联合反演结合了TE和TM模式反演的优点,可以较好地反映异常体的赋存位置及电阻率值;当三维异常体模型走向延伸长度增大时,三维数据的二维反演结果是可靠的,用TM和TE+TM模式反演都比较合理。     

基于二维小波变换的随机噪声压制方法在GPR数据中的应用

在探地雷达探测工作中,为了尽可能多的获取回波信息,通常采用宽频带记录,这就不可避免地将各种干扰波也记录下来,其中随机噪声由于其频带较宽,分布于整个数据剖面,常规滤波方法对随机噪声的压制效果往往不佳。由于小波变换具有较强的分频和局部分析能力,根据需要选择合适的小波基函数和去噪方法,可较好地压制随机噪声,提高信噪比。基于二维小波变换理论,提出了采用自适应分层阈值法对探地雷达数据进行压制随机噪声的方法。通过不同模型、不同信噪比下正演模拟数据的验证以及对实测数据的处理,并与中值滤波法和全局阈值法的去噪效果进行了对比分析,结果表明自适应分层阈值法去噪效果更好,实用性更强。     

Site-specific spectral response of seismic movement due to geometrical and geotechnical characteristics of sites

It is well-known that the response of a site to a seismic solicitation depends on local topographical and geotechnical characteristics. Many aspects of seismic site effect still need to be studied in more detail and they can be incorporated in the seismic norms after quantification. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to establishment of a simple method to include complex site effects in a building code. Horizontal ground movements in various points of two-dimensional (2D) irregular configurations subjected to synthetic SV waves of vertical incidence are calculated. The parametric studies are achieved by means of HYBRID program combining finite elements in the near field and boundary elements in the far field (FEM/BEM). The results are shown in the form of pseudo-acceleration response spectra. For the empty valleys, we can classify the spectral response according to a unique geometric criterion: the “surface/angle” ratio, where surface is the area of the valley opening, and angle denotes the angle between the slope and horizontal line in the above corner. To assess the influence of the 2D effect on the spectral response of filled valleys, the response of alluvial basins are compared with the response of one-dimensional columns of soil. Finally, an offset criterion is proposed to choose a relevant computation method for the spectral acceleration at the surface of alluvial basins.     

颗粒流强度折减法和重力增加法的边坡安全系数研究

将强度折减法和重力增加法的思路引入离散单元法,对土坡安全系数的评价作尝试性研究。运用颗粒流软件,采用强度折减法和重力增加法对边坡进行稳定分析。结果表明颗粒流计算得到的结果与有限元和条分法计算结果比较接近,为计算边坡稳定开辟了一条新的途径。采用颗粒流求解边坡的安全系数不需要条分,也即不需要对条间力做假定,同时不需要假定滑移面的位置和形状,颗粒根据所受到的接触力调整其位置,最终从抗剪强度最弱面发生剪切破坏。最后对强度折减法的不等比例折减提出了不同观点,为今后的研究提供思路。     

虚拟现实二次开发平台的研究与实现

遵循二次开发的基本理论采用组件式开发方式建立了一个虚拟现实二次开发平台,系统较为完整地处理了模型显示、用户视点变换以及光照设置等三维场景绘制的关键技术,并以事件驱动的方式在程序基本框架内实现了代码的植入,能以可视化方式快速地实现场景绘制代码的编写工作,对降低三维程序的开发难度,提高虚拟现实产品的研发能力有重要的意义。     

Application of multi-channel two-dimensional transient Rayleigh wave exploration in goaf detection

The transient Rayleigh wave exploration has high detection accuracy in shallow exploration. The effect of detection array is comprehensive reflection of the velocity of rock and soilmass. Therefore, the rolling multi-channel transient acquisition system has been adopted in this study, which turns one dimensional transient Rayleigh wave exploration into two dimensions, consequently, the two-dimensional velocity distribution of rock and soil mass under the survey line has been achieved. Through comparing with the shallow seismic reflected wave exploration, the result indicates that the rolling multi-channel transient acquisition system has accurate resolution. Thus, in the process of the shallow reflected wave exploration, if the surface wave has developed, the coalition between the reflected wave exploration and the two-dimensional transient Rayleigh wave exploration should actualize the accuracy of exp loration.