Waveform inversion and focal mechanisms of two weak earthquakes in Cordillera Principal (Argentina) between 35° and 35.5° S

Only few (six) focal mechanism, in CMT Catalog, have been so far known for intraplate shallow events in the Andean chain close to Chile–Argentina state border at latitudes ∼35° S. We add two more mechanisms, depths and moment magnitudes by carefully analyzing full waveforms of weak events recorded by broad-band stations of the Chile Argentina Geophysical Experiment (southern profile). The moment magnitudes of both events (Mw = 3.6 and 3.7) are lower than the duration magnitudes (Md = 4.0 and 4.29) reported by NEIC. The source depth, constrained by waveforms for one of the studied events (5.5–8.5 km) seems to be considerably shallower than the hypocenter depth located by means of arrival times (∼20 km). The waveform analysis was complemented by first-motion polarities which resulted in an uncertainty assessment of the focal mechanism. Event 1 (2001-11-03) has a strike-slip mechanism with a small normal component and almost vertical nodal planes in the north-south and east-west directions. The north-south nodal plane could be related to the Calabozos faults system. Event 2 (2002-02-16) has a strike-slip mechanism with a small thrust component. The latter event (its subhorizontal nodal plane) could be associated with the El Diablo-El Fierro fault system. Dextral strike-slip solutions are consistent with recent studies in the area.     

一种改进条码尺编码的闸门开度测量方法

闸门开度测量是水工闸门监控最基本的指标之一,传统的闸门开度测量方法测量精度低、测量难度大。为解决测量闸门开度难题,本文研究了基于条码尺图像分析的闸门开度测量方法,针对三周期等间距条码尺编码的缺陷,提出了一种新的编码解码方式进行改进,并建立了一套完整的闸门开度测量检测系统。模拟闸门实时开度试验结果表明,本系统能够实时全自动测量闸门开度信息,测量精度高,稳定性强,表明改进后方法能够取得较好的闸门开度测量效果,为实际闸门开度工程测量提供了有效的解决思路。     

Tall building performance‐based seismic design using SCEC broadband platform site‐specific ground motion simulations

The scarcity of strong ground motion records presents a challenge for making reliable performance assessments of tall buildings whose seismic design is controlled by large‐magnitude and close‐distance earthquakes. This challenge can be addressed using broadband ground‐motion simulation methods to generate records with site‐specific characteristics of large‐magnitude events. In this paper, simulated site‐specific earthquake seismograms, developed through a related project that was organized through the Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC) Ground Motion Simulation Validation (GMSV) Technical Activity Group, are used for nonlinear response history analyses of two archetype tall buildings for sites in San Francisco, Los Angeles, and San Bernardino. The SCEC GMSV team created the seismograms using the Broadband Platform (BBP) simulations for five site‐specific earthquake scenarios. The two buildings are evaluated using nonlinear dynamic analyses under comparable record suites selected from the simulated BBP catalog and recorded motions from the NGA‐West database. The collapse risks and structural response demands (maximum story drift ratio, peak floor acceleration, and maximum story shear) under the BBP and NGA suites are compared. In general, this study finds that use of the BBP simulations resolves concerns about estimation biases in structural response analysis which are caused by ground motion scaling, unrealistic spectral shapes, and overconservative spectral variations. While there are remaining concerns that strong coherence in some kinematic fault rupture models may lead to an overestimation of velocity pulse effects in the BBP simulations, the simulations are shown to generally yield realistic pulse‐like features of near‐fault ground motion records.     

利用代码迁移进行WPS服务

现有网络分析服务(Web processing service,WPS)规范数据传输量大的缺点限制了其应用。对此,提出了基于代码迁移的WPS新模型,该模型能在WPS执行过程中避免大量空间数据的传输,提高了WPS执行效率。实验系统使用不同客户端程序验证了新模式的有效性。     

利用码相二次差分与Jarque-Bera检验进行实时周跳探测

对伪距与载波相位观测值进行二次差分构造周跳检验参数,并利用Jarque-Bera方法对历元窗口内的周跳参数进行正态分布检验,较好地实现了周跳的实时探测。利用实测GPS静态数据以及车载GPS动态数据进行了周跳探测算例分析,结果表明,此方法能够实时探测出周跳,并能有效修复周跳。     

修正岭估计方法在测量数据处理中的应用研究

在测量数据处理中,若法方程呈现病态,岭估计可以改善方程的病态性,提高解的精度,使得在均方根意义下,岭估计解优于最小二乘解;另外,观测对象的先验信息也可以用来改善解的效果.文中借鉴一种修正岭估计方法,将岭估计方法和先验信息联系起来,并以GPS数据解算为例,将修正岭估计方法与普通解法进行比较,说明这种应用方法的合理性.     

改进的自适应遗传算法在图像模糊增强中的应用

本文在图像增强中应用了模糊集理论,实现了以空间域—模糊域—空间域为主要过程的的图像模糊增强。首先通过Fibonacci数列对遗传算法做了自适应改进,而后以改进的适应度函数为惟一内在驱动力,利用遗传算法对模糊参数进行了自动选择,最后与传统的线性增强、直方图均衡进行了对比实验。实验结果表明该方法能改善原图像视觉效果,便于后续的图像分析。     

不同性别光棘球海胆(Strongylocentrotus nudus)性腺蛋白质组差异分析

利用蛋白质双向电泳技术分别分离雄性、雌性光棘球海胆性腺可溶性全蛋白,通过计算机图像分析软件比较分析了雄性、雌性光棘球海胆性腺蛋白质的表达图谱。实验采用细胞超声破碎—丙酮沉淀及除盐—50mmol/LTris-HCl (pH 6.8)复溶的方法分别提取光棘球海胆雄性、雌性性腺的可溶性全蛋白,采用载体两性电解质等电聚焦双向电泳分别在pH5-8和pH4-6范围内对性腺组织可溶性全蛋白进行分离。利用PDQuest8.0图像分析软件比较分析,发现pH5-8范围内,雄性光棘球海胆性腺双向电泳图谱检出的蛋白质斑点为321个,雌性光棘球海胆性腺检出蛋白质斑点402个。在pH4-6范围内,雄性光棘球海胆性腺双向电泳图谱检出的蛋白质斑点数为239个,雌性光棘球海胆性腺检出197个蛋白质斑点。图像分析软件比对结果显示,在pH4-6范围内,雄性、雌性光棘球海胆性腺匹配的蛋白质斑点为31个,特异性表达的蛋白质斑点数为208个。结果表明不同性别光棘球海胆的性腺蛋白质表达存在显著差异,如果利用质谱鉴定技术对差异表达的蛋白质进行进一步鉴定,可为未来寻找不同性别光棘球海胆间决定性腺品质性状的特异性蛋白;建立不同性别海胆性腺蛋白质组表达谱与性腺品质性状的对应关系;提高和改良海胆性腺品质性状等研究提供线索和参考依据。     

杂色鲍血淋巴双向电泳与质谱分析

以杂色鲍(Haliotisdiversicolor)血淋巴为材料进行了双向电泳研究。首先,确定了以丙酮沉淀法和RC DC 蛋白定量试剂盒为基础的蛋白制备与定量方法;其次,对样品前处理方法进行了摸索,通过500 r/min的低速离心方法分离了血细胞和血浆组分,通过35000 r/min超速离心2 h除掉了部分高丰度的血蓝蛋白,降低了高分子量区域的血蓝蛋白背景;进一步使用18 cm pH 3-10非线性胶条和标准化的电泳程序,对不同上样量的电泳银染结果进行了比较,获得了良好的双向电泳图谱;最终选取肌动蛋白、原肌球蛋白、胶原蛋白和血蓝蛋白4个蛋白点成功进行了质谱鉴定。     

一种新型星载GNSS-R系统的地面验证实验

利用全球导航卫星系统的反射信号GNSS-R(global navigation satellite system-reflection)对海洋进行观测,目前已经成为一种新型遥感手段。介绍了一种最新研制的GNSS-R系统,以及使用该系统在北京怀柔水库开展的GNSS-R岸基测高实验。实验的目的,是在理想的湖面条件下验证系统的性能和检验测高算法的精度。实验得出:该系统能够在天线各阵元组合情况下实现GPS-R(global position system-reflection)信号的接收和处理;在把反演结果平均到1h后,使用C/A码的测高精度可达分米数量级。