湖南桃源理公港地区含金刚石沉凝灰岩的发现及其找矿意义

湖南桃源理公港地区白垩纪红盆内的灰绿色和紫红色沉积夹层曾选获过金刚石。以灰绿色岩石为研究对象,通过薄片鉴定和电子探针分析来确定岩石名称和岩石中石榴石和云母的属性。显微镜下,灰绿色岩石呈凝灰结构,由约45%的晶屑、35%的岩屑和20%的玻屑组成,为较典型的沉凝灰岩,并非前人所述的金伯利岩。沉凝灰岩中的石榴石和云母分别为G10型镁铝榴石和金云母,镁铝榴石和金云母的成分与辽宁、山东及南非典型岩管含金刚石金伯利岩中的镁铝榴石及金云母的成分基本一致,暗示其来源于含金刚石的金伯利岩。沉凝灰岩的特征表明,其来源地不会太远,这为在附近找寻火山机构奠定了基础; 金伯利质岩屑、G10型镁铝榴石和金云母的发现,为在周边寻找原生金伯利岩提供了重要信息。     

北秦岭罗汉寺岩群锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及其构造地质意义

对出露于北秦岭周至黑河小王涧黄草坪南罗汉寺岩群(弧前盆地沉积楔形体)中的英安质晶屑凝灰岩,进行了锆石SHRIMP U-Pb同位素测年研究,获得该群晶屑凝灰岩形成时代为(491±5)Ma,反映该岩群跨及早奥陶世.结合商丹带北侧广泛发育的加里东期岛弧花岗岩带和前人在其他地区测定该岩群的最新年代信息,认为本次测年数据为北秦岭...     

The Hianana Volcanics: Remnants of a Late Permian tuff ring and lava flow,Coombadjha Volcanic Complex,northeastern New South Wales

The Hianana Volcanics consist of bedded tuff and dacitic lava that form a locally mappable unit within the extensive, Late Permian silicic volcanic sequence of northeastern New South Wales. Principal components of the bedded tuff are crystal and volcanic lithic fragments ranging from coarse ash to lapilli, accompanied by variable amounts of fine ash matrix. Well denned plane parallel thin bedding is characteristic. Sandwave bed forms, including low‐angle cross‐beds and wavy beds, are confined to an area of 2–3 km² coinciding with the thickest sections (70 m) of bedded tuff. A high‐aspect ratio flow of porphyritic dacitic lava overlies the bedded tuff in the same area. The setting, lithofacies, extent and geometry of the bedded tuffs of the Hianana Volcanics are comparable with modern tuff rings which are composed of the deposits from base surges generated by explosive phreatomagmatic eruptions at primary volcanic vents. Many of these have also discharged lava late in their activity. Proximal parts of the Hianana tuff ring were buried by the porphyritic lava after the phreatomagmatic eruptions had ceased. In more distal sections, the bedded tuff is less than 10 m thick and dominantly comprises fine grained, plane parallel, very thin beds and laminae; these features suggest an origin by fallout from ash clouds that accompanied the phreatomagmatic eruptions. The distal ash was covered and preserved from erosion by a layer of welded ignimbrite, the source of which is unknown.     

扬子西缘元古宙峨边群烂包坪组地层归属及其锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年代学证据

扬子西缘峨边群地层序列一直以来存在争议,其时代归属缺乏地质年代学约束。通过对扬子西缘元古宙峨边群各组、段岩石组合特征、沉积充填序列及其沉积接触关系的综合分析,初步确定了峨边群烂包坪组地层归属。该地层应位于原峨边群上部,代表一次新的构造旋回开始,已不属于峨边群地层范畴。在烂包坪组下部凝灰岩中首次获得的(779.3±15.7) Ma锆石SHRIMP U Pb年龄,进一步证实其形成于新元古代,而非中元古代。(2 737±30) Ma和(2 480±29) Ma的两个单颗粒锆石SHRIMP U Pb年龄,表明扬子西缘峨边-金口河地区可能存在古老的新太古代结晶基底。这些研究成果和新的认识将有助于推动扬子西缘峨边群研究工作的深入开展。     

苏门答腊外海13.5万年来的火山灰记录:来自深海沉积物岩心IR-GC1的证据

Three volcanic ash layers were identified in a deep-sea Core IR-GC1 from the north-eastern Indian Ocean, adjacent to western Indonesian arc. They were dominated by glass shards with minor mineral crystals, such as plagioclase, biotite, and hornblende. According to the morphology and major element compositions of the representative glass shards, combined with the δ18O-based age, it is suggested that ash Layer A is correlated to the youngest Toba tuff(YTT), Layer B is supposed to be associated with a new eruption of Toba caldera in an age of 98 to 100 ka. Ash Layer C is different the geochemistry characteristics than those of Layer A and Layer B, suggesting that Layer C was not originated from Toba but registered another volcanic eruption event.     

扬子克拉通北缘大洪山地区打鼓石群与神农架地区神农架群的对比:锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素证据

出露于扬子克拉通北缘大洪山地区的打鼓石群一直被认为是一套中元古代沉积地层,其上被花山群不整合覆盖。但是由于缺少可靠的年龄依据,打鼓石群与同属扬子克拉通北缘的神农架群以及其他相关地层的对比关系一直存有争议。本文作者利用高精度高分辨率离子探针质谱仪(SHRIMP)测定了打鼓石群中凝灰岩的锆石U-Pb年龄,并利用激光烧蚀多接收器电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(LA-MC-ICPMS)测定了打鼓石群凝灰岩和基本同时代的神农架地区神农架群上亚群凝灰岩的锆石Lu-Hf同位素。这是迄今为止第一次测得了打鼓石群罗汉岭组凝灰岩年龄(1 225±19) Ma和(1 239±23) Ma;锆石Lu-Hf同位素结果显示打鼓石群罗汉岭组凝灰岩与神农架群上亚群野马河组凝灰岩具有相似的Lu-Hf同位素特征：176Hf/177Hf初始值介于0.282 172~0.282 397,εHf(t)值为4.9~12.0, TCDM=1 150~1 943 Ma。结合现有区域地质资料,我们认为打鼓石群与神农架群上亚群属于同时期沉积物,形成于超级地幔柱主导的哥伦比亚超大陆裂解背景。     

黔西南凝灰岩型金矿的层控特征分析

本文系统讨论了黔西南凝灰岩型金矿的层控特征。重点认为该类型金矿明显受地层层位、岩性、岩相、层内构造及其它相关地质构造的控制,尤其是受矿源层——峨眉山玄武岩及其相邻地层岩石的控制,成矿作用也表现出层控矿床所具有的热液蚀变特征和多阶段性。     

鄂尔多斯盆地西北缘奥陶纪凝灰岩锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素特征及地质意义

鄂尔多斯盆地西缘北段奥陶纪剖面中出露有火山凝灰岩夹层,它们是火山喷发的凝灰物质沉积的产物,其研究对于鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶纪年代地层格架的厘定和构造背景的确定有重要意义。本文报道了鄂尔多斯盆地西缘北段乌海地区哈图克沟剖面乌拉力克组顶部火山凝灰岩的锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素特征。锆石LA-ICPMS U-Pb年龄为454.9±3.4Ma,SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为456.4±4.2Ma,结合古生物地层学,将乌拉力克组的沉积时代厘定为中奥陶世达瑞威尔阶晚期—晚奥陶世桑比阶。锆石原位微区Hf同位素εHf(t)=+4.02~+10.98,n(176Hf)/n(177Hf)值变化范围为0.282 619~0.282 963之间,二阶段模式年龄变化范围为729~1178Ma。根据凝灰岩与研究区周缘造山带的锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素特征对比判断火山凝灰岩物质应主要来自于其西南方向的北祁连造山带和/或北秦岭造山带。鄂尔多斯盆地西缘和南缘广泛分布的火山凝灰岩具有一致的就位时间和物源,表明盆地西缘和南缘都受到了中—晚奥陶世北祁连和/或北秦岭洋壳俯冲引起的火山弧喷发的影响。     

新疆三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷条湖组凝灰岩油藏油源分析

通过系统采集新疆三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷二叠系芦草沟组和条湖组各套烃源岩岩心样品以及条湖组凝灰岩段原油样品,研究各套烃源岩的基本地球化学特征、烃源岩和 原油饱和烃生物标志化合物特征、抽提物/原油以及族组分的稳定碳同位素特征等,探讨了凝灰岩油藏的原油来源。结果表明：芦草沟组二段烃源岩的质量最好;各套泥质烃源岩可溶有机质生物标志化合 物特征具有明显的差异,主要表现在Pr/Ph、 γ蜡烷含量、β-胡萝卜烷含量以及规则甾烷ααα20RC₂₇、ααα20RC₂₈、ααα20RC₂₉相对含量等方面;条湖组凝灰岩油藏中原油具有低Pr/Ph、高γ蜡 烷含量、高β-胡萝卜烷含量以及规则甾烷ααα20RC₂₇、ααα20RC₂₈、ααα20RC₂₉中ααα20RC₂₉最高和ααα20RC₂₇最低(谱图呈上升直线型)、原油及族组分稳定碳同位素较轻的特点;油源对比 显示凝灰岩油藏的原油主要来自芦草沟组二段烃源岩,但也有凝灰岩自身有机质的贡献。     

某工程静压预应力管桩施工异常情况分析及处理

通过对某工程预应力管桩施工中出现异常情况的原因分析,提出合理的处理措施,得到较为满意的效果,旨在为今后类似工程项目的勘察和设计提供借鉴。