高速公路软基处理方案模糊评价因素

模糊评价方法是高速公路软基处理方案优化设计中经常采用的一种方法 ,这种评价方法的影响因素很多。介绍影响评价结果的评价因素 ,举出工程实例来说明各个评价因素的影响。     

Cones to model foundation vibrations: incompressible soil and axi-symmetric embedment of arbitrary shape

The recently streamlined strength-of-materials approach using cones to calculate vibrations of foundations embedded in layered half-spaces and full-spaces is applied to incompressible and nearly-incompressible soil and to axi-symmetric embedments of arbitrary shape. For incompressible soil the axial-wave velocity in the cones is limited to twice the shear-wave velocity and a trapped mass for the vertical motion and a trapped mass moment of inertia for the rocking motion moving as a rigid body with the under-most disk of an embedded foundation are introduced. In the case of a fully embedded foundation, a mass and a mass moment of inertia are also assigned to the upper-most disk. For an axi-symmetric embedment of arbitrary shape, the disks have varying radii. No modifications to the formulation are, however, required. For these two extensions the strength-of-materials approach using cones leads to the same sufficient engineering accuracy as is achieved in other more conventional cases. This is demonstrated in a vast study. Thus the same other advantages also apply: physical insight with conceptual clarity, simplicity and sufficient generality.     

Three-dimensional nonlinear analysis for seismic soil–pile-structure interaction

A three-dimensional method of analysis is presented for the seismic response of structures constructed on pile foundations. An analysis is formulated in the time domain and the effects of material nonlinearity of soil on the seismic response are investigated. A subsystem model consisting of a structure subsystem and a pile-foundation subsystem is used. Seismic response of the system is found using a successive-coupling incremental solution scheme. Both subsystems are assumed to be coupled at each time step. Material nonlinearity is accounted for by incorporating an advanced plasticity-based soil model, HiSS, in the finite element formulation. Both single piles and pile groups are considered and the effects of kinematic and inertial interaction on seismic response are investigated while considering harmonic and transient excitations. It is seen that nonlinearity significantly affects seismic response of pile foundations as well as that of structures. Effects of nonlinearity on response are dependent on the frequency of excitation with nonlinearity causing an increase in response at low frequencies of excitation.     

Fast practical evaluation of soil–structure interaction of embedded structures

A simple and fast evaluation method of soil–structure interaction (SSI) effects of embedded structures is presented via a cone model. The impedances and the effective input motions at the bottom of an embedded foundation are evaluated by means of the cone model. Those quantities are transformed exactly to the corresponding values at the top of the foundation. The evaluated quantities are combined with the super-structure at the top of the foundation. The transfer function amplitude of the interstory drift of a single-degree-of-freedom super-structure is computed for various cases, i.e. no SSI, SSI without embedment, SSI with shallow embedment, SSI with deep embedment. Soil properties are also varied to investigate in more detail the SSI effects of embedded structures. It is found that, while the transfer function amplitude is reduced by the increase of embedment in general, the characteristics of the transfer function amplitude for a very small ground shear wave velocity and large embedment are irregular and complicated.     

Damping/global energy balance in FE model of bridge foundation lateral response

A global energy analysis is presented of three static unloading–reloading foundation lateral loading cycles, calculated using the nonlinear finite element (FE) program DYNAFLOW. This simulates seismic action on an offshore pier foundation in the Rion-Antirion Bridge in Greece, located in deep-sea water (65 m). A cyclic horizontal force is applied at a height of 30 m to a rigid raft 78 m in width placed on the surface of an idealized 2-layer soil profile consisting of a 3.5 m man-made gravel layer over soft deep natural clay, with elastic vertical steel inclusions reinforcing the soil. Results of the two-dimensional FE run are used for the energy analysis. It is verified that for the three cycles, the sum of energies associated with the external forces and moments, mostly dissipated through hysteresis loops, is about equal to the sum of the total internal energies dissipated or stored in the system. For the smaller loops almost all energy is dissipated in the soil, while for the largest loop about half of the energy is dissipated by horizontal sliding at the raft-soil interface. Global damping ratios obtained from the areas of the horizontal and rocking moment hysteresis loops are about double of those computed from the corresponding static backbone curves using the Masing criterion.     

三维状态下复合地基桩土应用力比的数值分析研究

采用三维有限元法进行复合地基桩土应力比的数值分析研究，对各种影响因素诸如桩体刚度、荷载水平、面积置换率、桩体长径比、垫层厚度及地基土的物性参数等进行探讨，系统深入地研究分析桩土应力比的变化规律。     

温州市某工程场地软土地基的岩土工程评价

通过对温州市某典型场地的岩土工程评价，从一个侧面反映了该地区软土地基工程地质的基本特征和基础工程评价的一些特点。这些特点主要包括以下几个方面：①地基土层呈明显的上软下硬的二元结构，其中上软层土性软，厚度大(约55～60m)，对工程建设的影响较大；②软土地基多采用桩基础，桩长一般为40—60m(多层建筑)和80—90m(高层建筑)；③地下室基坑所涉土层土性软，基坑开挖需进行支护。     

深层搅拌桩在大海子水库除险加固工程中的应用

介绍了工程概况、工程地质条件及整治方案，阐明了施工任务及要求，叙述了深层搅拌桩的施工工艺流程，将建筑行业深层搅拌桩引入平原区水库除险加固工程中，成功地处理了大海子水库坝基渗漏问题，实践证明运用深层搅拌桩对平原区水库坝基防渗加固是成功的，为平原区水库除险加固工程提供了实践经验。     

复杂地层超长桩施工技术研究

福州市新都会花园广场,其施工场地工程地质条件复杂,设计灌注桩深度为60m左右。针对复杂地层中超长灌注桩桩施工的技术难点、应采用的技术措施、以及成孔工艺进行了分析与研究,总结了在复杂地层超长桩施工中采用气举反循环回转加冲击施工技术及桩底后压浆技术的运用成效。     

考虑土层性质的基坑土钉支护整体稳定可靠性分析

详细研究了在考虑土层性质差异的情况下基坑土钉支护的整体稳定可靠性分析方法，基于Monte—Carlo模拟方法开发了相应的可靠性分析程序，并结合工程实例进行了具体分析。研究表明，相对顶部土层来说，土钉支护整体稳定可靠性对底部土层抗剪强度参数变异性较为敏感，因此当基坑存在不同性质土层时，必须考虑土层性质差异对基坑稳定可靠性的影响。