山东地区多台波速比研究

文中从多台计算波速比方法的原理入手,对不同公式计算的波速比差异进行了深入分析,认为在原理一致的条件下,波速比差异主要与拟合过程中自变量的选取及2组数据的相关系数有关。利用2002年1月至2005年7月山东省境内及江苏省北部共52个数字及模拟台站的地方震P波和S波到时资料,选取有4个以上记录台站的地震。整个研究区域的平均波速比为1.716,反映了这个地区的波速比相对于华北其他地区偏高。将研究区域划分为1°×2°的单元,并剔除距离震中过远的台站,以保证区域特征能得到反映。通过对比不同单元的平均波速比发现,34°~37°,115°~119°的平均波速比明显高于其他单元,而它们正好分布在郯庐断裂的两侧,应该与该地区上地壳的岩石性质及震源深度分布范围较宽导致的平均效应有关     

近区瞬变场的频率效应与大深度探测能力的研究

在时域中,磁源近区瞬变场的时间特性取决于场源所含低频谱的分数幂.对于磁感应强度Bz(t)∝∑iω3/2i,对于感应电势εz(t)∝∑iω5/2i.这表明,现有的瞬变电磁探测系统只适用于浅部勘查,对于大深度的勘查,需要研制超强能量且轻便化的场源(发送系统),同时完善超导磁强计(接收系统)的实用化.     

Time domain method for calculating free field motion of a layered half-space subjected to obliquely incident body waves

In numerical simulation of wave scattering under oblique incident body waves using the finite element method, the free field motion at the incident lateral boundary induced by the background layered half-space complicates the computational area. In order to replace the complex frequency domain method, a time-domain method to calculate the free field motion of a layered half-space subjected to oblique incident body waves is developed in this paper. The new method decouples the equations of motion used in the finite element method and offers an interpolation formula of the free field motion. This formula is based on the fact that the apparent horizontal velocity of the free field motion is constant and can be calculated exactly. Both the theoretical analysis and numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method offers a high degree of accuracy.     

基于小波分析的场地波速测量方法

在场地波速测量中,由于噪声等因素的影响很难准确识别P、S波的初至时刻,致使波速结果存在很大的误差。本文给出了一种基于小波变换的波速测量的新方法。该方法利用波动信号的小波变换与弹性波群速度的关系准确识别弹性波初至时刻。弹性波小波变换的峰值时刻代表着以群速度传播的弹性波的初至时刻,使P波、S波的初至时刻的确定具有明确的物理意义,波速的结果准确、可靠、稳定。此外,波动信号的小波多尺度分析还可以确定地层中传播的弹性波的频散特性。最后,该方法在场地波速测量的实测信号的应用表明该方法可准确确定P、S波速。     

折射层析成像法测试隧道围岩松动圈

通过应用折射层析成像法在乌鞘岭特长隧道中的测试,说明该方法对于横向速度变化不均一,过渡带速度渐变的地质情况具有分辨率高、图像直观、易于解释,适合对隧道围岩松动圈的测试.     

不同检测方法对混凝土波速的影响研究

为建立超声波法和低应变反射波法检测所得混凝土基桩波速的相互转换关系,本文给出了标准线性固体模型下粘弹性介质的三维和一维纵波速度之比及其实用简化公式,并且通过实验得出,混凝土构件的超声波速与1.054倍低应变动测波速之比处于1.03~1.12,具体数值会随着混凝土龄期、弹性模量和强度等级的增加而有所减小。     

Research achievements of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau based on 60 years of aeromagnetic surveys

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (also referred to as the Plateau) has long received much attention from the community of geoscience due to its unique geographical location and rich mineral resources. This paper reviews the aeromagnetic surveys in the Plateau in the past 60 years and summarizes relevant research achievements, which mainly include the followings. (1) The boundaries between the Plateau and its surrounding regions have been clarified. In detail, its western boundary is restricted by West Kunlun-Altyn Tagh arc-shaped magnetic anomaly zone forming due to the arc-shaped connection of the Altyn Tagh and Kangxiwa faults and its eastern boundary consists of the boundaries among different magnetic fields along the Longnan (Wudu)-Kangding Fault. Meanwhile, the fault on the northern margin of the Northern Qilian Mountains serves as its northern boundary. (2) The Plateau is mainly composed of four orogens that were stitched together, namely East Kunlun-Qilian, Hoh-Xil-Songpan, Chamdo-Southwestern Sanjiang (Nujiang, Lancang, and Jinsha rivers in southeastern China), and Gangdese-Himalaya orogens. (3) The basement of the Plateau is dominated by weakly magnetic Proterozoic metamorphic rocks and lacks strongly magnetic Archean crystalline basement of stable continents such as the Tarim and Sichuan blocks. Therefore, it exhibits the characteristics of unstable orogenic basement. (4) The Yarlung-Zangbo suture zone forming due to continent-continent collisions since the Cenozoic shows double aeromagnetic anomaly zones. Therefore, it can be inferred that the Yarlung-Zangbo suture zone formed from the Indian Plate subducting towards and colliding with the Eurasian Plate twice. (5) A huge negative aeromagnetic anomaly in nearly SN trending has been discovered in the middle part of the Plateau, indicating a giant deep thermal-tectonic zone. (6) A dual-layer magnetic structure has been revealed in the Plateau. It consists of shallow magnetic anomaly zones in nearly EW and NW trending and deep magnetic anomaly zones in nearly SN trending. They overlap vertically and cross horizontally, showing the flyover-type geological structure of the Plateau. (7) A group of NW-trending faults occur in eastern Tibet, which is intersected rather than connected by the nearly EW trending that develop in middle-west Tibet. (8) As for the central uplift zone that occurs through the Qiangtang Basin, its metamorphic basement tends to gradually descend from west to east, showing the form of steps. The Qiangtang Basin is divided into the northern and southern part by the central uplift zone in it. The basement in the Qiangtang Basin is deep in the north and west and shallow in the south and west. The basement in the northern Qiangtang Basin is deep and relatively stable and thus is more favorable for the generation and preservation of oil and gas. Up to now, 19 favorable tectonic regions of oil and gas have been determined in the Qiangtang Basin. (9) A total of 21 prospecting areas of mineral resources have been delineated and thousands of ore-bearing (or mineralization) anomalies have been discovered. Additionally, the formation and uplift mechanism of the Plateau are briefly discussed in this paper.©2021 China Geology Editorial Office.     

2022年1月8日门源6.9级地震山东地震台网测定面波震级对比分析

通过对山东地震台网记录的2022年1月8日门源M_S 6.9地震原始波形进行分析,测算出88个测震台站的M_S、M_S7、M₍S(BB))等3种面波震级,并与中国地震台网速报和青海区域地震台网编目测定结果进行对比分析。结果表明：①山东地震台网测定门源M_S 6.9地震的面波震级M_S、M_S7、M₍S(BB))分别为7.20、7.16、6.96;②M₍S(BB))震级的测定方法简单,不同台站之间的偏差较小,一致性较好,适合在地震台网的地震速报中使用。这与震级国家标准GB 17740—2017的规定相一致。     

放射性物探方法在辽宁团山子地区金矿找矿中的应用

辽宁省兴城市团山子地区位于青龙-葫芦岛近东西向断裂的东段,碱厂岩体南缘,八家子-杨家杖子多金属成矿区的中南部.通过钻探证实,金矿化受近东西向断裂构造控制,矿化类型为碎裂蚀变岩型,具有低品位、大矿量特点,在辽西地区属首次发现.为加强对本区控矿构造特征和金矿化赋存规律的研究,采用了放射性物探方法进行探索,取得了较好的找矿效果.由于该方法简便易行,对于在区域上寻找该类型金矿具有重要意义,值得借鉴和推广.     

大兴安岭地区成矿地质特征及找矿前景分析

大兴安岭地区是古生代古亚洲成矿域与中生代滨太平洋成矿域相互叠置的重要成矿区带,具有潜在的找矿前景.本文根据该地区的这一特殊的成矿地质环境,对矿床（点）分布、矿床类型、物化探异常特征及成矿地质背景进行了详细研究,总结了各成矿区带的成矿地质特征、成矿作用及成矿规律,进行了找矿前景分析,提出了以找大矿、富矿和找隐伏矿、半隐伏矿为主的找矿思路,并指出了本区找矿重点和找矿方向,提出了矿产工作的部署建议.