Localized failure of fibre‐reinforced elastic–plastic materials subjected to plane strain loading

We consider discontinuous bifurcations as the indicator of a localized failure for a class of composites that are characterized by elastic fibres reinforcing an elastic–plastic matrix. A macroscopic tangent stiffness tensor for the fibre‐reinforced composite is developed by consistently homogenizing the contribution of fibres in a spherical representative volume element. Analytical solutions are derived for the critical hardening modulus and corresponding bifurcation directions for the case of plane strain loading. Properties of the solutions are further illustrated on the example of the non‐associated Drucker–Prager model at onset of yielding. Results show that presence of fibres decreases the critical hardening modulus, thus inhibiting the onset of strain localization. The rate of decrease in the critical hardening modulus is the highest for pure shear, followed by uniaxial tension, uniaxial compression, biaxial tension and biaxial compression. The main fibre parameters that control the onset of strain localization are their volumetric content and their stiffness modulus whereby very stiff fibres can produce the most significant decrease in the critical hardening modulus, especially for the state of biaxial tension. The critical hardening modulus for the non‐associated Drucker–Prager model exhibits a full range of localization modes including compaction bands, dilation bands, and transition in the form of shear bands regardless of the presence of fibres. Presence of fibres affects bifurcation directions, except in the case when Poisson's ratio of the matrix is equal to 0.25. The results demonstrate stabilizing effects of fibres by which they provide the control against the onset of strain localization. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

陆生动物声音遥感：定位与误差分析

声音遥感技术可以极大地提高人们对动物的监测、研究和保护能力。本研究设计了一套廉价的陆生动物声音定位系统。该系统集成了市场上现成的录音笔和无线控制设备,价格明显低于许多动物定位系统。使用自主研发的声音定位软件,在X、Y方向上的绝对定位误差最大为1.69 m,可满足大部分动物定位需求;Z方向的定位误差偏大,结果尚不理想。为了揭示影响声音定位系统精度的各种因素及其影响,采用蒙特卡罗方法进行分析,发现录音站点的位置测量误差、到达时间差的估计误差和声速的估计误差均会影响最终的声音定位精度。此外,该方法还可用于在声音定位系统布设阶段确定系统参数的合理数值,包括录音节点总个数和空间尺度。     

Research on mode localization of reticulated shell structures

Reticulated shell structures (RSSs) are characterized as cyclically periodic structures. Mistuning of RSSs will induce structural mode localization. Mode localization has the following two features: some modal vectors of the structure change remarkably when the values of its physical parameters (mass or stiffness) have a slight change; and the vibration of some modes is mainly restricted in some local areas of the structure. In this paper, two quantitative assessment indexes are introduced that correspond to these two features. The first feature is studied through a numerical example of a RSS, and its induced causes are analyzed by using the perturbation theory. The analysis showed that internally, mode localization is closely related to structural frequencies and externally, slight changes of the physical parameters of the structure cause instability to the RSS. A scaled model experiment to examine mode localization was carried out on a Kiewit single-layer spherical RSS, and both features of mode localization are studied. Eight tests that measured the changes of the physical parameters were carried out in the experiment. Since many modes make their contribution in structural dynamic response, six strong vibration modes were tested at random in the experimental analysis. The change and localization of the six modes are analyzed for each test. The results show that slight changes to the physical parameters are likely to induce remarkable changes and localization of some modal vectors in the RSSs.     

Diffuse and localized failure modes: Two competing mechanisms

The concept of failure is one of the most debated in soil mechanics, for two reasons essentially. First, this is a crucial issue in the engineering of structures and geotechnical project design. Second, this is still a challenging academic issue mobilizing significant scientific interest in the development of a unique framework to describe the different failure modes. In this respect, this paper revisits the localized failure mode, replacing the well‐known Rice criterion within the wider context of bifurcation. Considering a micro‐mechanical model, the main theoretical results are covered. In particular, it is established that localized failure is a particular case of failures observed within the so‐called bifurcation domain: the incremental strain within the localization band is associated with a vanishing value of the second‐order work. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于NAO机器人目标识别与定位算法

针对目前应用最广的新型仿人机器人NAO平台,和其官网发布的目标识别算法原理,提出一种改进的识别方法,降低光照对目标识别的影响,缩短机器人识别、定位和跟踪整个过程闭环操作过程的反应时间。其中搜索路径采用原地查找、走动和旋转查找三部曲实现360度全视野搜索;目标颜色识别基于YUV颜色空间进行;目标跟踪采用目标始终在视野中心算法实现;同时分析第四代NAO机器人的硬件参数设计头关节垂直偏角与目标的距离计算公式,用于目标快速定位。     

新版Micaps资料的本地化处理与维护

根据cmacast广播系统的流程及micaps资料处理方式的改变,针对新的业务要求对CAMCAST数据处理服务器进行本地化配置,为预报服务提供更新更快的数据支持.     

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Modal strain energy based structural damage localization for offshore platform using simulated and measured data

Modal strain energy based methods for damage detection have received much attention. However, most of published articles use numerical methods and some studies conduct modal tests with simple 1D or 2D structures to verify the damage detection algorithms. Only a few studies utilize modal testing data from 3D frame structures. Few studies conduct performance comparisons between two different modal strain energy based methods. The objective of this paper is to investigate and compare the effectiveness of a traditional modal strain energy method （Stubbs index） and a recently developed modal strain energy decomposition （MSED） method for damage localization, for such a purpose both simulated and measured data from an offshore platform model being used. Particularly, the mode shapes used in the damage localization are identified and synthesized from only two measurements of one damage scenario because of the limited number of sensors. The two methods were first briefly reviewed. Next, using a 3D offshore platform model, the damage detection algorithms were implemented with different levels of damage severities for both single damage and multiple damage cases. Finally, a physical model of an offshore steel platform was constructed for modal testing and for validat-ing the applicability. Results indicate that the MSED method outperforms the Stubbs index method for structural damage detection.