Development of New Electrochemical Surfaces for the Detection of Metals in Waste Water

In this study, electrochemical experiments were performed in non‐aqueous media in order to determine electrochemical behavior of some of the glyoxime derivatives (GDs). Phenylglyoxime (PG), p‐chloro‐phenylglyoxime (p‐CPG), and 1,2‐phenylendiamino‐p‐chlorophenylglyoxime (PACPG) were chosen as GDs. Pt wire, Ag/Ag⁺ (in 0.01 M AgNO₃) and glassy carbon (GC) electrode were used as counter, reference, and working electrode, respectively. The multiscan cyclic voltammograms (CVs) of these compounds were registered in acetonitrile (MeCN) containing 0.1 M tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborat (TBATFB) at scan rate of 100 mV/s. The potential was swept from 0 to +2.0 V versus Ag/Ag⁺ (0.01 M). The CVs of GDs were compared with each other and the electrochemical behaviors of the compounds were investigated depending on the functional groups in their structures. The electrochemical characterization of these modified surfaces was performed and characterizations were compared with the chatacterization results of bare GC surfaces. The application areas for new surfaces were investigated. These results will be active in the disciplines of electrochemistry and industrial physical chemistry, and in related industrial fields at the dissemination of new information for scientific area.     

重力高阶方向导数的可视化拟合及其应用

针对目前人们所使用的交互式重力剖面拟合软件多以正演布格重力异常为主,在应用效果方面存有欠缺的情况,提出了在作重力剖面布格异常拟合的同时,增加高阶方向导数的拟合。其目的是发挥布格重力异常的高阶方向导数在突出浅部地质体的特征,压制区域性深部地质因素,区分相邻地质体引起的叠加异常等方面的优势。这里采用最小二乘法演算了布格重力异常高阶方向导数的计算过程,对计算程序编制和使用中涉及的相关问题进行了阐述,并例举了在地球物理勘探中,利用高阶方向导数提高重力资料解释效果的实例。并在最后对重力剖面进行可视化拟合解释时应注意的要点做了分析,强调了兼顾布格重力异常及其高阶方向导数二者拟合曲线均基本相似,而不应追求其中某一方面精确拟合的解释原则。     

瞬变电磁测深数据的灵敏度分析

灵敏度反映了观测数据对模型参数变化的响应情况,灵敏度分析可用于考察某种地球物理探测方法对特定地质异常体的分辨能力,或帮助选择合适的探测方法。灵敏度计算也是迭代反演方法中最为关键的环节,它决定了反演的精度与速度,这里对多例典型地电模型（厚覆盖层、低阻覆盖层和高阻覆盖层）的灵敏度进行了计算,得出了该方法对不同模型的各个参数变化的响应。     

羧甲基琼胶寡糖钒络合物抗氧化及抑制BEL-7402 癌细胞增殖的研究

制备了羧甲基琼胶寡糖钒络合物,并利用ICP-MS测定钒的含量为4.6%;同时,对钒氧羧甲基琼胶寡糖抗氧化和抑制人肝癌BEL-7402细胞增殖活性进行研究。抗氧化实验结果表明,钒氧羧甲基琼胶寡糖清除?OH的能力和DPPH?的能力均比羧甲基琼胶寡糖的清除能力有显著提高。经磺酰罗丹明B蛋白染色法测试,进一步发现钒氧羧甲基琼胶寡糖在16~1 000 mg/L浓度范围内对人肝癌BEL-7402细胞的增殖有较好的抑制作用。     

地震活动时间分布不均匀结构的多尺度检验分析

利用ldquo;非零导数显著性rdquo;检验方法, 分析了中国大陆东西部地区及青藏高原、新疆、东北、华北、华南以及台湾构造区内地震活动广义应变释放时间分布的不均匀结构. 结果表明,当广义地震应变指数eta;取较小值时,新疆、华南、东北以及台湾构造区地震活动自1970年以来总体上呈长期增强趋势, 而青藏高原与华北构造区则呈长期减弱的态势;在较小的时间窗宽情况下,各构造区均存在多尺度成丛特征,显示出地震活动在一定的尺度层次下的强弱交替现象. 但当该eta;取较大值时,除青藏高原与台湾构造区在某些尺度时间窗宽内存在某些时段趋势性变化外,其它各构造区广义地震应变释放时间分布均无统计学意义上的显著变化.      

Geochemistry, petrofabrics and seismic properties of eclogites from the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling boreholes in the Sulu UHP terrane, eastern China

We present an integrated study of geochemistry, petrofabrics and seismic properties of strongly sheared eclogites from the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling (CCSD) project in the Sulu ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic terrane, eastern China. First, geochemical data characterize diverse protoliths of the studied eclogites. The positive Eu- and Sr-anomalies, negative Nb anomaly and flat portion of heavy rare earth elements in coarse-grained rutile eclogites (samples B270 and B295) suggest a cumulate origin in the continental crust, whereas the negative Nb anomaly and enrichment of light rare earth elements in retrograde eclogites (samples B504, B15 and B19) imply an origin of continental basalts or island arc basalts. Second, P-wave velocities (V_p) of three typical eclogite samples were measured under confining pressures up to 500 MPa and temperatures to 700 °C. At 500 MPa and room temperature, the mean V_p reaches 8.50-8.53 km/s in samples B270 and B295 but drops to 7.86 km/s in sample B504, and the P-wave anisotropy changes from 1.7-2.7% to 5.5%, respectively. The pressure and temperature derivatives of V_p are larger in the retrograde eclogite than in fresh ones. Third, the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) measurements of the eclogites reveal random crystal preferred orientation (CPO) of garnet and pronounced CPO of omphacite, which is characterized by a strong concentration of [001]-axes sub-parallel to the lineation and of (010)-poles perpendicular to the foliation. The asymmetric CPO of omphacite in sample B270 recorded a top-to-the-south shear event during subduction of the Yangtze plate. The calculated fastest V_p is generally sub-parallel to the lineation, but a different deformation environment during exhumation could form second-order variations in omphacite CPO and affect the V_p distribution in eclogites (e.g., the fastest V_p is at ~ 35° from the foliation in sample B295). Comparison between measured and calculated seismic properties indicates that the CPO of omphacite controls the seismic anisotropy of eclogites at high pressure, and compositional layering and retrograde minerals will increase the anisotropy. Calculated P-wave velocities agree well with velocities measured at 500 MPa and room temperature for fresh eclogites, but much higher than those of retrograde eclogite. As a case study, the laboratory-derived V_p-P and V_p-T relationships were used to estimate P-wave velocities of eclogites and peridotites beneath the Western Superior Province, Canada. The results indicate that besides the fabric-induced anisotropy, the direction dependence of pressure and temperature derivatives of V_p can significantly increase seismic anisotropy of eclogites with depth, which results in eclogites being an important candidate for the seismic anisotropy in the upper mantle. Due to their very high density and velocity, garnet-rich eclogites within peridotite could be detected in seismic reflections in subduction zones.     

高光谱数据与水稻叶面积指数及叶绿素密度的相关分析

分析了北京大屯科技站水稻叶面积指数 (LAI)、叶绿素密度 (CH .D)与高光谱分辨率遥感数据在整个生育期内的变化过程。利用微分技术处理水稻群体反射光谱以减少土壤等低频背景光谱噪音的影响。通过单相关分析和逐步回归方法研究水稻LAI、CH .D分别与光谱反射率、反射率的一阶微分光谱的相关关系 ,并建立预测回归方程。结果表明 ,微分技术能够改善光谱数据与LAI、CH .D的相关性 ,CH .D与光谱数据的相关明显优于同LAI的。     

基于向上延拓的航空重力向下解析延拓解

位场向下与向上延拓之间存在固有的内在联系,向上延拓解算具有稳定可靠的优良特性,本文据此提出了借助向上延拓信息实现航空重力向下延拓稳定解算的两种方法,分别建立了点对点向下解析延拓模型和最小二乘向下解析延拓模型.其核心思想是,依据泰勒级数展开模型,将位场向下延拓解算过程转换为向上延拓计算和垂向偏导数解算两个步骤,通过第一步的处理有效抑制数据观测噪声对解算结果的干扰,通过第二步的处理成功实现向下延拓反问题的稳定解算,较好地解决了向下延拓解算固有的不适定性问题.分析研究了两种解析延拓模型的计算精度及适用条件,利用超高阶位模型EGM2008建立的模拟标准场数据对两种模型解算结果的合理性和有效性进行了数值验证,证明本文新方法实用易行,具有较高的应用价值.