厦门港三维潮流数值模拟

由于厦门港滩涂面积较大,地形复杂,在建立厦门港三维模型时,采取了以下方法：二维嵌套三维模型,大网格嵌套小网格,在计算中采用全隐格式进行差分,变边界过程采用窄缝法进行模拟,并考虑侧向摩擦作用。在模型的建立过程中还采用ＧＩＳ技术,建立模型的边界,网格及水深,提高了建模效率。用该模型对厦门前埔围海工程进行潮流数值模拟,得到了满意的结果。     

倾斜底地形对赤道区深层环流的影响

通过建立包含线性洋底地形、牛顿冷却和Ｒａｙｌｅｉｇｈ摩擦的逆向约化重力线性大洋深层环流模型,采用摄动方法研究热带海区的侧边界底地形在位涡平衡方程中的动力效应。结果发现,坡度微弱的地形（α＝０（ε））对涡管的作用可以忽略,此时平底近似是可取的;在坡度较陡峭的情况下,地形将对西边界流产生显著的影响。特别要指出的是,地形与牛顿冷却在对涡管进行强迫时具有一定的等效性。     

Unusual behavior of the Kuroshio Current System from winter 1996 to summer 1997 revealed by ADEOS-OCTS and other data— Suggestion of topographically forced alternating-jet instability

While the Advanced Earth Observing Satellite (ADEOS) was operating, the Kuroshio and the Kuroshio Extension, or the Kuroshio Current System, exhibited unusual behavior from the winter of 1996 to the summer of 1997. This behavior of the Kuroshio Current System has been closely studied using a time series of satellite observation images of SST and ocean color obtained by ADEOS-OCTS, reinforced by SST images obtained by NOAA-AVHRR. Our findings include (i) a long lasting, very southerly path of the Kuroshio Extension; (ii) a Kuroshio path very distant from Japan with the following alternating-jet-like north-south flow pattern of the Kuroshio Extension, which occurred twice, once in February and once in April 1997, as independent events and which was observed to be affected by the bottom topography of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge and Trench, and of the Japan Trench; (iii) cutting off of a cold water mass after the February event; and (iv) the formation of a vortex pair after the April event. A new mechanism is suggested for the formation of the alternating-jet flow pattern: a topographically forced alternating-jet instability (AJI). An SST-Chlorophyll Diagram (T-Chl Diagram) generated using simultaneous data from a single satellite is useful for analyzing the water mass structure of this region, including biological processes.     

Southern Oscillation forced by heat source and topography

ＳｏｕｔｈｅｒｎＯｓｃｉｌｌａｔｉｏｎｆｏｒｃｅｄｂｙｈｅａｔｓｏｕｒｃｅａｎｄｔｏｐｏｇｒａｐｈｙＱｉａｎＷｅｉｈｏｎｇ,ＹｏｕＸｉｎｔｉａｎ（ＲｅｃｅｉｖｅｄＪｕｎｅ５,１９９６,ａｃｃｅｐｔｅｄＤｅｃｅｍｂｅｒ９,１９９６）Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ──...     

三峡工程施工期中的主要地球物理问题

举世瞩目的三峡工程自１９９４ 年动工以来,现已进入二期施工阶段。在工程基础处理和主体工程施工过程中,均存在许多可利用地球物理方法评价工程质量的问题。本文从问题提出—模型建立—目标评价的思路,介绍了三峡工程给地球物理方法提出的主要问题。     

The CARIB97 high-resolution geoid height model for the Caribbean Sea

A 2×2 arc-minute resolution geoid model, CARIB97, has been computed covering the Caribbean Sea. The geoid undulations refer to the GRS-80 ellipsoid, centered at the ITRF94 (1996.0) origin. The geoid level is defined by adopting the gravity potential on the geoid as W ₀=62 636 856.88 m²/s² and a gravity-mass constant of GM=3.986 004 418×10¹⁴ m³/s². The geoid model was computed by applying high-frequency corrections to the Earth Gravity Model 1996 global geopotential model in a remove-compute-restore procedure. The permanent tide system of CARIB97 is non-tidal. Comparison of CARIB97 geoid heights to 31 GPS/tidal (ITRF94/local) benchmarks shows an average offset (h–H–N) of 51 cm, with an Root Mean Square (RMS) of 62 cm about the average. This represents an improvement over the use of a global geoid model for the region. However, because the measured orthometric heights (H) refer to many differing tidal datums, these comparisons are biased by localized permanent ocean dynamic topography (PODT). Therefore, we interpret the 51 cm as partially an estimate of the average PODT in the vicinity of the 31 island benchmarks. On an island-by-island basis, CARIB97 now offers the ability to analyze local datum problems which were previously unrecognized due to a lack of high-resolution geoid information in the area. Received: 2 January 1998 / Accepted: 18 August 1998     

南疆三地州贫困与旅游资源优势空间关联研究

2020年全面建成小康社会的目标对贫困治理更具现实意义。本文通过构建SOFM神经网络评估模型,聚类分析南疆三地州24个县市的经济--社会--自然多维度贫困。在评价县域旅游资源优势度的基础上,运用空间数据分析方法(ESDA)分析研究区县域贫困度和旅游资源优势度的空间分布格局,将两者在空间匹配后发现：①致贫因子集合向量的Matlab分类显示,南疆三地州各县市贫困类型可划分为经济型贫困、社会型贫困和生态型贫困,并且贫困空间聚合分布态势显著。②旅游资源优势区集中在地理环境结构复杂和多民族聚居的地区,如喀什市、塔县、阿克陶县、和田市;旅游资源优势区局域空间自相关呈现集群分布特征。③贫困类型与旅游资源优势在县域存在显著的空间关联,出现3类拟合性较好的区域。建议采取“旅游+旧城改造”和“旅游+商品基地”、“领头雁”旅游扶贫等旅游扶贫模式。     

Shallow sea topography detection using fully polarimetric Gaofen-3 SAR data based on swell patterns

Compared to single-polarization synthetic aperture radar(SAR) data, fully polarimetric SAR data can provide more detailed information of the sea surface, which is important for applications such as shallow sea topography detection. The Gaofen-3 satellite provides abundant polarimetric SAR data for ocean research. In this paper, a shallow sea topography detection method was proposed based on fully polarimetric Gaofen-3 SAR data. This method considers swell patterns and only requires SAR data and ...     

Surfer软件在水下地形三维可视化与分析中的应用

介绍了Surfer强大的插值、绘制图件、数据分析和变异函数建模等功能,重点阐述了Surfer在水下地形三维模型的建立、立体显示与渲染、空间分析方面的应用。     

基于一维变分算法的红外高光谱(IASI)卫星遥感大气温湿廓线研究

大气温湿度廓线是大气重要参数,在数值天气预报及天气预警中具有重要的应用价值。为获得高精度的大气温度与水汽混合比廓线数据,研究了基于Metop-A/IASI红外高光谱资料的大气温度与水汽混合比廓线变分反演方法。利用IASI高光谱传感器温度和水汽探测通道资料,结合CRTM模式和WRF模式预报技术,使用一维变分方法,研究了卫星资料质量控制、背景误差协方差本地化、观测误差协方差计算等方法,构建了大气温度及水汽混合比廓线变分反演系统,并在北京、青岛、沈阳3个地区开展了反演试验。以探空为标准的反演结果对比显示,使用WRF模式预报值作为背景场,温度的平均误差绝对值小于0.6 K,均方根误差为0.89 K;水汽混合比的平均误差绝对值小于0.021 g/kg,均方根误差为0.02 g/kg。试验结果表明:基于一维变分方法,可以利用Metop-A/IASI红外高光谱资料进行大气温度与水汽混合比廓线高精度探测。