利用AutoPrep离子色谱技术实现复杂基体样品中重稀土元素的分离和制备

研究了AutoPrep自动前处理装置和离子色谱联用技术分析复杂基体样品中重稀土元素的分离和半制备的方法。选用两个双层四通阀和一个六通阀替代传统方法中的四个双层四通阀，选用一个GS50四元梯度泵实现对螯合浓缩柱不同条件的淋洗，将吸附或交换在螯合柱和浓缩柱上的碱金属、碱土金属、过渡金属、重金属和重稀土元素选择性地分段洗脱，并将基体消除后的样品在线进样到CS5A离子色谱交换柱中进行最终分离，过柱衍生后进入紫外一可见光检测器进行光度检测，并根据确定的保留时间段进行在线样品收集，完成制备工作。对基体简单且被测组分含量较高的样品，采用直接进样法测定4种重稀土元素（Tb、Y、T和Lu）的检测限（S／N=3）为8．3-21．0μg，线性相关系数均大于0.9992，分离度均大于4，以峰面积计算的方法精密度（RSD，n=9）小于3％，回收率为89.0％～110.8％；对复杂基体样品或被测组分含量较低的样品，采用基体消除在线浓缩处理，方法的检测限（S／N=3）为0．67～1．43Ⅲ／L，线性相关系数均大于0，9994，分离度均大于3，方法的精密度（RSD，n=9）小于3％，回收率为91．2％～106．0％。对简单基体和复杂基体两种样品的分离和制备方法均具备灵敏度高、选择性好、自动化程度高、节省时间等特点．用于岩石等实际样品的检测．结果满意。     

Characteristics analysis on high density spatial sampling seismic data

China＇s continental deposition basins are characterized by complex geological structures and various reservoir lithologies. Therefore, high precision exploration methods are needed. High density spatial sampling is a new technology to increase the accuracy of seismic exploration. We briefly discuss point source and receiver technology, analyze the high density spatial sampling in situ method, introduce the symmetric sampling principles presented by Gijs J. O. Vermeer, and discuss high density spatial sampling technology from the point of view of wave field continuity. We emphasize the analysis of the high density spatial sampling characteristics, including the high density first break advantages for investigation of near surface structure, improving static correction precision, the use of dense receiver spacing at short offsets to increase the effective coverage at shallow depth, and the accuracy of reflection imaging. Coherent noise is not aliased and the noise analysis precision and suppression increases as a result. High density spatial sampling enhances wave field continuity and the accuracy of various mathematical transforms, which benefits wave field separation. Finally, we point out that the difficult part of high density spatial sampling technology is the data processing. More research needs to be done on the methods of analyzing and processing huge amounts of seismic data.     

Aqueous volatiles in hydrothermal fluids from the Main Endeavour Field, northern Juan de Fuca Ridge: temporal variability following earthquake activity

The Main Endeavour Field, northern Juan de Fuca Ridge, experienced intense seismic activity in June 1999. Hydrothermal vent fluids were collected from sulfide structures in September 1999 and July 2000 and analyzed for the abundance of H₂, H₂S, CH₄, CO₂, NH₃, Mg and Cl to document temporal and spatial changes following the earthquakes. Dissolved concentrations of CO₂, H₂, and H₂S increased dramatically in the September 1999 samples relative to pre-earthquake abundances, and subsequently decreased during the following year. In contrast, dissolved NH₃ and CH₄ concentrations in 1999 and 2000 were similar to or less than pre-earthquake values. Aqueous Cl abundances showed large decreases immediately following the earthquakes followed by increases to near pre-earthquake values. The abundances of volatile species at the Main Endeavour Field were characterized by strong inverse correlations with chlorinity. Phase separation can account for 20-50% enrichments of CO₂, CH₄, and NH₃ in low-chlorinity fluids, while temperature- and pressure-dependent fluid-mineral equilibria at near-critical conditions are responsible for order of magnitude greater enrichments in dissolved H₂S and H₂. The systematic variation of dissolved gas concentrations with chlorinity likely reflects mixing of a low-chlorinity volatile-enriched vapor generated by supercritical phase separation with a cooler gas-poor hydrothermal fluid of seawater chlorinity. Decreased abundances of sediment-derived NH₃ and CH₄ in 1999 indicate an earthquake-induced change in subsurface hydrology. Elevated CO₂ abundances in vent fluids collected in September 1999 provide evidence that supports a magmatic origin for the earthquakes. Temperature-salinity relationships are consistent with intrusion of a shallow dike and suggest that the earthquakes were associated with movement of magma beneath the ridge crest. These data demonstrate the large and rapid response of chemical fluxes at mid-ocean ridges to magmatic activity and associated changes in subsurface temperature and pressure.     

云母含量对风化花岗岩路基土工程性质影响的试验研究

通过从花岗岩残积土中分离出云母 ,按云母含量的不同配制试件进行承载比试验、回弹模量试验 ,研究云母含量对花岗岩路基土工程性质影响的复杂规律 ,探讨花岗岩路基土工程性质变化的机理。     

三正辛胺纤维棉对金的吸附性能及其在测定金中的应用

研制了三正辛胺（ＴＯＡ）纤维棉,考察了ＴＯＡ纤维棉对Ａｕ（Ⅲ）的吸附性能,选择了吸附和解吸的最佳条件。在φ＝１０％的王水中,ＴＯＡ纤维棉可定量吸附Ａｕ（Ⅲ）,使其与多种共存离子分离。吸附的Ａｕ（Ⅲ）用１０ｇ／Ｌ的Ｎａ２ＳＯ３溶液解脱。在给定条件下,对５～２００μｇＡｕ（Ⅲ）进行分离富集,其回收率在９８０％～１０１０％。方法已用于氧化金铅矿、铅锌矿、银金矿中金的分离富集和测定,所得结果与其它方法相符,其ＲＳＤ（ｎ＝５）为１６％～３９％。     

多分量瑞利波勘探用解析信号法提取有效波的研究

通过观测波场空间三个分量,采用解析信号的方法,给出了复地震信号与波场瞬时极化特征参数的关系,设计了相应的极化滤波器,在计算机仿真研究和对实测信号的处理中,取得了满意的效果。     

海滨砂矿中金红石矿综合利用研究

为了综合回收海滨砂矿中的金红石,获得高品级的金红石精矿,通过镜下鉴定、电子探针等手段对金红石精矿及单矿物作了分析,确定了影响金红石精矿品位的主要因素是含铁金红石和白钛石,在此基础上,进行了金红石磁选及电选试验,选择了ＣＲＧ５４永磁双辊磁选机的最佳极距和给矿量以及ＤＳＧ－６高压电选机的最佳矿温度。在最佳操作条件下,对原选别工艺流程进行了改进,在原两段磁选和两段电选流程后增加了摇床选别工序,使金红石精