未来海平面上升对厦门海滩侵蚀的测算

本文通过波浪计算和理论海滩剖面方程的拟合,以Ｂｒｕｕｎ模式为基础,根据Ｅｖｅｒｔｓ剖面积分方法,测算了厦门厦门大学海滨浴场、鼓浪屿港 仔后海滨浴场沙滩未来１００ａ海平面上升引起的海滩后退量值。与此同时,计算了Ｂｒｕｕｎ模式的结果。计算结果表明,两处海滨浴 滩的后退值分别为１４．８１和１３．９５ｍ与Ｂｒｕｕｎ模式的结果相当接近。     

海岸侵蚀灾害管理中的几项基础工作

讨论了作为海岸带管理工作中一项重要管理内容──海岸侵蚀灾害管理中的几项基础性工作,主要讨论了灾害评估的意义;海岸侵蚀灾害管理基础图件和专业图件的名称及主要内容;建立海岸侵蚀灾害信息系统的意义和主要内容;关于海岸侵蚀灾害管理法的意义和急迫性;提出了建立禁建区和禁采区的意义和紧迫性,并指出在海岸带开发建设中要统一管理,全面规划,注意到海岸带生态环境的特殊性。总之在海岸侵蚀灾害管理中,首先要做好基础工作,在此基础上做好法制建设和依法管理。     

我国东部滨岸侵沉变异规律初探

滨岸地带自然环境多变,地质环境极为脆弱,但在社会经济发展中起着极为重要的作用。着重分析我国东部滨岸侵沉变异特征,研究滨岸侵沉变异地域分异规律与成因规律。     

华北地台东部古生代与新生代岩石圈地幔特征及其演化

古生代含金刚石及捕虏体的金伯利岩和新生代含捕虏体的玄武岩先后共同侵位于华北地台东部,提供了研究自古生代以来板内岩石圈地幔特征及其演化的深源岩石探针。通过对古生代与新生代,新生代时郯庐断裂带内与带外岩石圈地幔物质之间岩相学,岩石和矿物的主元素,微量元素,地幔热状态的对比研究,结合现代地球物理资料,建立了以新生地幔物质对古老岩石圈置换作用为主的华北地台东部地幔减薄模型。该模型强调,古老岩石圈地幔业已成     

CHANNEL EROSION DAMAGES AND PROTECTION MEASURES IN SOUTHEAST ARIZONA

1INTRODUCTIONThesouthwesternregionoftheUnitedStates,includingSoutheastArizona,ischaracterizedbyasemiaridclimatewithhotsummers,mildwinters,andephemeralstreamsdrainingsparselyvegetatedareas.ChannelmorphologyoftheephemeralstreamsinSoutheastArizonaisinfluencedbybothlateralandverticalchannelchangesoccurringduringmajorfloods.Lateralchannelchangesoccurinthreewaysbankerosion,meandermigration,andchannelavulsion.Verticalchannelchangesinclude,beddegradationoraggradation,andmayoccurseparatelyorinco…     

PHENOMENA AND CONTROLLING FACTORS IN DRAWDOWN FLUSHING PROCESSES

IINTRODUCTIONByutilizingthenatUralpowerofflow,hydraulicflushingisaneconomicaltechniquetoremovethedepositedsedimentineitherasettlingbasinorareservoir.Inmanyreservoirsaroundtheworld,hydraulicflushinghasbeenprovenasaneffectivemethodtosustainthereservoirstoragecapacity.Hydraulicflushingprocessesmayinvolveboththeprocessesofscouringpreviousdepositsandpassingincomingsediment-ladenflow,suchasgravitycurrent,throughareservoirtobereleased.Inthisarticle,onlytheformercaseisdiscussed.Thekeythinginthef…     

三峡工程对鄱阳湖冲淤的影响和预测

泥沙淤积是制约湖泊功能的重要因素。三峡工程运行后增减下泄流量,将使鄱阳湖的泥沙交换和淤积作用发生变化。本文根据鄱阳湖的沉积特点,利用典型年的水文过程对库区增减下泄流量时的冲淤变化进行了预测,指出直接的影响不大,但洲滩发展和束狭入江断面的负效应须有所警惕。     

Inhibitability of soil loss and sediment concentration during consecutive rainfalls from experimental plots treated by endemic microorganisms

Consecutive rainfalls, due to changes in antecedent moisture, alter soil erosion processes, necessitating the implementation of suitable soil loss control methods. Biological soil microorganism approaches have been applied to control soil loss. However, information on the involvement of microorganisms in the soil loss and rill erosion processes has yet to be supplied. In this study, the individual and combined inoculation of cyanobacteria and bacteria was investigated during five consecutive rai...     

Base flow separation for soil erosion simulation in a granitic forested headwater catchment using a process-based model,GeoWEPP

Distributed erosion models, which simulate the physical processes of water flow and soil erosion, are effective for predicting soil erosion in forested catchments. Although subsurface flow through multiple pathways is dominant for runoff generation in forested headwater catchments, the process-based erosion model, Geo-spatial interface for Water Erosion Prediction Project(Geo WEPP), does not have an adequate subsurface component for the simulation of hillslope water flow. In the current study, t...     

现代黄河三角洲滨浅海区的灾害地质

利用卫星遥感、测深、浅地层剖面及钻孔资料研究了黄河三角洲海岸及近海海洋灾害地质,编制了黄河三角洲海洋灾害地质图。黄河三角洲海岸灾害地质以海岸侵蚀为主,根据1976—2001年海岸的变化速率,可将海岸分为快速侵蚀海岸、中等程度侵蚀海岸、稳定海岸和淤积海岸四类,快速侵蚀海岸和中等程度侵蚀海岸长期以来遭受侵蚀。灾害地质因素有浅层气、灾害地貌、活动断层、海底滑坡、底辟、隆起脊、埋藏冲沟一古河道。浅层气主要分布在老黄河口附近渤海海底,近岸少见。浅层灾害地貌主要分布在三角洲前缘斜坡上的扰动区。扰动区位置在整个三角洲上变动明显,有向岸移动的趋势,斜坡坡度减小,扰动强度减弱。底辟除了发生在废弃三角洲侵蚀区外,还发生在三角洲外的渤海海底下部。隆起脊位于黄河口东部渤海海底,沿NE—SW方向发育,顺隆起脊发育活动断层。