济南北部地热田地热地质特征浅析

济南北部地热田地热资源类型属于层状裂隙岩溶型,热源是北部齐河-广饶断裂的沟通导热,盖层是第四系、新近系、石炭-二叠系、侏罗系.可利用的、具有开发价值的热储层为奥陶系灰岩热储,该热储层顶板埋深在700～2500m左右,热储层厚度由南向北逐渐增大,单井涌水量2000m3/d左右,孔口水温一般在38～57℃,地热田东部地热水矿化度1.4～3.5g/L左右,西部5.1～7.2g/L左右,地热水中富含氟、锶、偏硅酸等微量元素,具腐蚀性,结垢性弱,具较好的开发利用价值.经计算奥陶系热储层单井可采资源量为7.3×105m3/a,合理井间距为5000m.     

致密砂岩气藏可动流体赋存特征的微观地质因素: 以苏里格气田东部盒8段储层为例

以苏里格气田东部盒8段典型的致密砂岩气藏为例,运用核磁共振、恒速压汞、铸体薄片、物性、X-衍射等实验资料,探讨了影响可动流体赋存差异的微观地质 因素。结果表明,盒8段储层可动流体饱和度低,T₂谱分布均为左高峰右低峰的双峰态;黏土矿物的充填与孔隙类型是孔隙结构复杂的重要因素,孔隙结构是影响可动流体赋存特征的关键;面孔率、喉道 半径、孔喉半径比是影响可动流体饱和度的主要因素,有效孔隙体积、分选系数对可动流体饱和度影响明显,储层物性、黏土矿物、有效喉道体积、孔隙半径对可动流体饱和度影响较弱。     

胶东黑岚沟金矿田黄铁矿热电性研究及深部成矿预测

黑岚沟金矿田位于胶东中部栖霞-蓬莱金成矿带北段,区内发育黑岚沟、河西、侯各庄、初格庄等多个石英脉型金矿。其金矿化主要出现在含黄铁矿和多金属硫化物的石英脉中。黄铁矿是主要的载金矿物。因此,基于黄铁矿热电性标型特征指导找矿勘查具有实际意义。采用新型原位矿物热电仪进行黑岚沟金矿集区46件主成矿阶段黄铁矿的热电性测试,结果表明,在该区-170～-616 m标高内,黄铁矿热电导型P型率大多在90%以上,暗示目前揭露的矿体仍然处于矿床上部或顶部;特别是热电系数主要集中在200～350 μV·℃-1,且其离散性较大,推测矿床垂向延伸较大;通过热电系数计算成矿垂向延伸指数平均值为30.4%,该值也说明目前探采部位属于矿床上部。综合分析,认为黑岚沟金矿田深部仍然具有较大的成矿潜力。     

地壳介质各向异性电性本构关系讨论

讨论了地壳介质中常见的两类电性各向异性。推导了长波长条件下薄中向异性电导率张量;提出了一种新的电导率物理模型并由此推导了与ＥＤＡ裂隙相适应的各向异性电导率张量。从直流电法和大地电磁测深法的角度分别讨论了这两种电性各向异性所显现的地表视电阻率、阻抗和电位特征。     

测井技术新进展综述

在过去几年里,测井技术受石油勘探开发需要所推动,并借助现代电子和信息技术的新成就,发展十分迅速.三分量感应和正交偶极声波等新型成像测井仪器的出现,使地层各向异性研究成了热点.网络测井作为新一代测井系统,处于研制和完善阶段.新的裸眼井测井仪器,如新型的满贯组合测井系统、三分量阵列感应测井仪、油基泥浆电阻率成像测井仪等得到进一步改进.新的套管井测井仪器,如过套管电阻率测井仪、新型脉冲中子类测井仪等不断出现并得到改进.随钻测井系列不断增加,如随钻核磁共振测井、随钻地层测试,等等.新的测量工艺技术,如过套管地层测试、井下永久传感器工艺技术等正日趋成熟.新的测井概念,如测井-取心联作、套管外取心、动电测井、套管钻井测井等,给人耳目一新的感觉.对国外测井技术现状和水平进行全面而深入的研究,对于我们当前的科研和生产具有指导和借鉴作用.本文综合评述了近几年测井技术六个方面的重大进展：（1）岩石物理性质;（2）测井地面系统;（3）裸眼井测井;（4）套管井测井;（5）随钻测井;（6）射孔、取心和测试.在深入研究的基础上探讨了测井技术的发展方向,主要结论是岩石各向异性仍将是岩石物理研究的一个重点,测井传感器的物理模拟和数值模拟在测井仪器的设计中将扮演越来越重要角色,测井地面系统的发展主要集中在网络化、综合化的方向上,井下仪器的发展主要体现在集成化和阵列化的发展方向上.从长远看,随着井下永久传感器和施工工艺技术不断发展和完善,套管井测井中的许多项目最终会被取而代之.随钻测井技术仍将迅猛发展,随钻测井必将逐步取代电缆式裸眼测井.     

华南-古岩溶型铀矿床中有机质的热成熟异常及其矿床成因意义

华南某层控铀矿床中有机质可分为原生沉积型、热液变质型和运移型三种类型，其母质类型为腐泥－腐殖型，主要来源于海相微体生物、藻类及少量源于陆相高等植物。根据镜质体反射率、饱和烃气相色谱和某些地球化学指标，表明矿石中有机质呈现异常热成熟特征，这对揭示该矿床热水叠造成矿机制具有指纹意义。本文还首次合理解释矿石中铀与有机碳含量间复杂关系的原因。     

昆中断裂带南北陆块基底、盖层沉积、岩浆岩对比研究——昆中断裂带构造意义的讨论

本文依据1∶25万区域地质调查成果资料,从昆中断裂带对南北两侧的基底变质岩系(包括变基性火山岩、变泥质岩)、表壳盖层沉积岩系、前寒武纪长英质火成侵入岩以及镁铁-超镁铁质侵入岩的沉积建造、岩石类型组合、岩石地球化学及所反映的源岩物性的控制,系统对比讨论了昆中断裂带南北两侧基底陆块特征及昆中断裂带的构造属性。得出以昆中断裂带为界,南北两侧陆块的大陆岩石圈,无论在表壳沉积岩系、中-下地壳和地幔的层性和物性结构及地球化学成分都存在显著差异。从而提出昆仑造山带实际上是个两陆块碰撞复合陆缘造山带。在元古宇以前南北陆块并非属同一古陆块,或者说昆中断裂带为欧亚大陆和冈瓦纳大陆的真正分界或二者的拼合带。     

New Modes of Environmental Governance in Greater Sage-Grouse Conservation in Oregon

Abstract

Natural resource challenges often span administrative jurisdictions and include actors and processes operating at different spatial and political scales. We applied concepts of new environmental governance to analyze Oregon’s approach to greater sage-grouse conservation. Through one in-depth case study in Lake County, we traced features of new environmental governance (cross-scale interactions, decentralization, and capacities of actors) through different governance levels. Interviews and qualitative analysis revealed that decentralization of administrative functions facilitated cross-scale interactions and relied on intermediaries, gap-filling, and perceptions of legitimacy at lower levels. State and agency guidelines steered the effort and were accompanied by financial and technical resources from multiple arenas, which increased local capacity. This study adds to the understandings of environmental governance for implementing multi-actor, multi-level conservation arrangements in resource-dependent communities. Further exploration of connections between higher levels and local contexts will reveal important, new ways to link policies with on-the-ground outcomes.     

Rescaling of Access and Property Relations in a Frontier Landscape: Insights from Jambi,Indonesia

The recent expansion of protected areas and oil palm plantations in Jambi (Sumatra), Indonesia, has been notably disruptive. This article investigates the scalar dimensions of land conflicts within a privately managed conservation area. We built on qualitative research focusing on struggles related to the formation of two informal settlements within the conservation area. Results indicate that, especially in the context of rapid rescaling (e.g., decentralization), new power constellations emerge, thereby altering preexisting property relations. We argue that competing scales of meaning and regulation are structuring the ability of actors to access land and, consequently, reflect tensions between structure and agency.     

Isolation and Characterization of Collagen from Squid(Ommastreoges bartrami) Skin

Collagen of squid (Ommastrephes bartrami) skin was examined in the present study. Histology showed that collagen fiber in the skin was partially cross-linked with muscle fiber. Acid-solubilized collagen (ASC) and pepsin-solubilized collagen (PSC) were extracted from the skin and characterized. The results of amino acid composition and electrophoretic patterns revealed that ASC and PSC were both type Ⅰ collagen, containing α1 and α2 chains. FTIR (fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) investigations con-firmed the existence of helical arrangements in PSC of squid skin. The denaturation temperature (Td) and shrinkage temperature (Ts)of PSC were 29.4℃ and 52.8℃, respectively.