云南水汞在姚安6.5级地震前的异常特征分析

对2000年1月15日姚安6．5级地震前后云南水汞异常进行分析研究，结果表明：在9个观测台站中，地震前有1个观测台站的水汞出现中期趋势异常，1个台站的水汞出现远震异常，4个台站的水汞出现短期异常，1个台站的水汞出现临震异常。地震前3个月内，水汞短期异常有活跃，平静的过程，在平静中(仅1个台站出现临震异常)发生姚安6．5级地震。姚安地震发生在距出现远震异常的水汞观测台站70km的地方。出现远震异常的水汞观测台站附近，可能是未来强震的发震地区。     

2000年4月29日内乡ML4.7级地震前潢川地电异常变化

2000年4月29日11时54分，河南省南阳市内乡县马山口镇与镇平县寺山乡之间发生一次ML4.7级地震。地震前3天，潢山台视电阻率ρs异常较为明显。分析了此次异常与内乡ML4.7级地震的关系，认为此次异常很有可能是内乡ML4.7级地震的短临前兆异常。当观测台站与震源位于同一构造带时，即便离震中较远，地电阻率对地震异常反映仍较灵敏，且与构造带同一走向的测向尤为明显。     

宁波台矿泉井水温异常与萨尔瓦多8.0级地震的关系

2001年1月9日起开始宁波台矿泉井井水温度出现异常，通过检查、分析后认为很可能与萨尔瓦多8.0级地震有关系。从日均值图上看，异常在震前6天开始出现，至震前1天达到最大，表现为打破正常的波动规律，呈负异常；从整点测值图看，主要是震前36小时出现负阶跃。分析认为出现的水温异常可能是一种地震前的长周期波通过上地幔或软流层传播而至，间接地影响地下流体发生微小的温度变化。     

江西瑞昌1995年ML4.9级地震前后九江地震台倾斜固体潮汐变化分析

通过月整点值数据文件和滑动值数据文件这两种数据处理形式。对九江台地倾斜资料进行调和分析计算。分析了M2潮汐因子与瑞昌ML4.9级地震的关系。认为存在震前短临异常或震后异常，并与趋势异常得到相互印证。     

Hydrogeochemistry of the Simav geothermal field, western Anatolia, Turkey

Thermal waters hosted by Menderes metamorphic rocks emerge along fault lineaments in the Simav geothermal area. Thermal springs and drilled wells are located in the Eynal, Çitgöl and Na a locations, which are part of the Simav geothermal field. Studies were carried out to obtain the main chemical and physical characteristics of thermal waters. These waters are used for heating of residences and greenhouses and for balneological purposes. Bottom temperatures of the drilled wells reach 163°C with total dissolved solids around 2225 mg/kg. Surface temperatures of thermal springs vary between 51°C and 90°C. All the thermal waters belong to Na–HCO₃–SO₄ facies. The cold groundwaters are Ca–Mg–HCO₃ type. Dissolution of host rock and ion-exchange reactions in the reservoir of the geothermal system shift the Ca–Mg–HCO₃ type cold groundwaters to the Na–HCO₃–SO₄ type thermal waters. Thermal waters are oversaturated at discharge temperatures for aragonite, calcite, quartz, chalcedony, magnesite and dolomite minerals giving rise to a carbonate-rich scale. Gypsum and anhydrite minerals are undersaturated with all of the thermal waters. Boiling during ascent of the thermal fluids produces steam and liquid waters resulting in an increase of the concentrations of the constituents in discharge waters. Steam fraction, y, of the thermal waters of which temperatures are above 100°C is between 0.075 and 0.119. Reservoir pH is much lower than pH measured in the liquid phase separated at atmospheric conditions, since the latter experienced heavy loss of acid gases, mainly CO₂. Assessment of the various empirical chemical geothermometers and geochemical modelling suggest that reservoir temperatures vary between 175°C and 200°C.     

Chemical equilibria of thermal waters for the application of geothermometers from the Guanzhong basin, China

In this study, representative samples from thermal wells and springs were chemically analyzed and geothermometers were used to calculate the deep temperatures of geothermal reservoirs on the basis of water–mineral equilibrium. In some cases, however, the chemical components are not in equilibrium with the minerals in the reservoir. Therefore, log(Q/K) diagrams are used to study the chemical equilibrium for the minerals that are likely to participate. The Na–K–Mg triangular diagram is also applied to evaluate the equilibrium of water with reservoir rocks. Standard curves at the reference temperatures are prepared to reveal which type of silica geothermometer is appropriate for the specified condition. This study shows that water samples from geothermal wells W9 and W12 are in equilibrium with the selective minerals, and chalcedony may control the fluid–silica equilibrium. It is estimated that there is an exploitable low-temperature reservoir with possible temperatures of 80–90°C in the Guanzhong basin.     

航磁异常轴向特征提取算法研究及其应用

通过分析航磁异常的空间分布特征，提出一种在平面等值线追踪基础上，根据封闭等值线之间的关系并应用离散卡洛变换，自动检测和绘制航磁异常轴向图的方法，将该方法用于新疆某地航磁异常分析，发现了断裂构造，有效地验证了算法的正确性。     

华北地区部分井孔稀有气体异常研究

介绍了近年来华北地区宝龙等 3口井稀有气体的显著异常 ,并据其特征与井孔水位动态的关系 ,对稀有气体异常的成因进行了理论分析与实验研究。结果表明 ,水位下降 10 0mm ,岩层孔隙、裂隙中的气体体积膨胀 0 0 0 90 % (气体体积百分比 ,下同 )左右。由于地下水位大幅度下降 ,岩层孔隙压力减小 ,积聚在岩层孔隙、裂隙中的气体体积膨胀溢出 ,导致井孔地下水中稀有气体含量出现异常变化。这些异常是干扰因素所致 ,不是地震异     

2001年三次6级左右地震前西昌地磁的虚假异常研究

2001年，在西昌地磁台300km范围内连续发生了三次6级左右地震；即2月23日在西昌北200km的四川雅江县境内发生的6．0级地震；5月24日在西昌西南140km的盐源县内境内发生的MS5．8地震，10月27日在西昌西南260km的云南永胜发生的MS6．0地震。震前，西昌地磁台各相对观测记录分量和绝对观测量都发生了明显的异常变化。研究结果表明，由于邻近基建施工，使观测环境发生改变，引起大幅度虚假异常，这些异常 尽管与三次地震对应较好，但不是先兆异常。     

川滇地区地震(Ms≥5.0)破裂类型与前兆异常分布的关系

对川滇地区 31次 (组 ) 5 .0级以上地震与余震次数的关系进行了统计 ,结合“强地震分为走滑型地震和断错型地震”的理论 ,确定了各次 (组 )地震的破裂类型。从物理机制上对地震破裂类型与震前前兆异常分布关系进行了讨论 ,由此进一步探讨了 5 .0级以上地震震后趋势预测