吐哈盆地东缘泥盆纪花岗岩的确定及其地质意义

通过对吐哈盆地东缘四顶黑山超单元中的黑云母花岗岩进行锆石SHRIMPU-Pb定年,获得(386±5)Ma(MSWD=1.01)的206Pb/238U表面年龄。根据该岩体的岩石学和锆石的矿物学特征,将此年龄解释为该岩体的侵位年龄。根据这一定年结果和该花岗岩与围岩(被当地地质工作者归入古元古代星星峡群的变质岩)具有相同的构造变形特征,结合已有的年代学、岩石化学和相关地质资料,可以得出如下初步结论:①吐哈盆地东缘与南缘为同一古生代活动陆缘的不同部分,其形成演化与以康古尔塔格碰撞带中洋壳残片为代表的古洋岩石圈板块向西伯利亚古板块之下的俯冲有关;②吐哈盆地东缘以近东西走向、向南倾斜的片理或片麻理为特征的变质变形事件发生在386Ma以后。     

青藏高原北缘红柳峡富锆安山岩脉的成因：钙长石分离结晶作用和锆石的异常溶解

在阿尔金走滑断裂与祁连山北缘逆冲断裂带交汇的酒西盆地出露年龄约为85Ma的富锆安山岩脉,切割年龄大约为105Ma的基性熔岩(粗面玄武岩和玄武安粗岩)。这条安山岩脉具有十分特殊的地球化学特征,具体表现为 (1)强烈过碱性,Na2O K2O达11．8％,A／CNK比值为0．5540;(2)强烈富集高场强元素(HFSE),如Zr(1421μg／g),Hf (26．4μg/g),Y(48．2μg/g),Nb(104．0μg/g),Ta(8．5μg/g)等;(3)明显的Ce正异常;(4)近平直的MREE和HREE稀土配分模式;(5)与基性熔岩相似的初始Sr但明显较低的Nd同位素比值(大于28εNd单位)。这些差异性不仅反映了它们各自源区地球化学特征的差异性,而且反映了部分熔融和岩浆后期演化过程中主要矿物和副矿物溶解或结晶行为的差异性。分析表明,钙长石的结晶分离作用和部分熔融过程中锆石溶解程度的升高是导致该岩脉异常地球化学特征的主控因素。该岩脉所揭示的地球化学过程有助于解译青藏高原内部中生代以来的相似中酸性碱性火山岩的成因。     

三维地震勘探在地裂缝探查中的应用

根据地裂缝改变层状地层的几何结构,破坏地层界面的连续性,引起地球物理场的变化等特征,应用三维地震勘探方法探查地裂缝。以长江三角洲WYGA地区三维地震勘探为例,论述了三维地震探查地裂缝数据采集方法、资料数字处理、资料解释等问题,结果显示,地质效果良好。     

圆形隧道围岩附加应力场的解析解答

研究各向同性岩体中含一个圆形隧道围岩的附近应力问题。考虑全场的应力变形特征,运用复变函数的罗朗级数展开技术,构造合适的应力函数,结合隧道的边界条件和无穷远的性态,获得了全场应力复势的解析表达式。数值分析发现,应力集中程度最剧烈时,不一定总是发生在孔的附近;应力集中程度最弱时,不一定总是距离孔边较远;当隧道埋深为其半径的5倍以上时,可以作为无限大基体含一个圆形孔洞来处理。     

Water temperature behaviour in the River Loire since 1976 and 1881

Analysis of monthly mean river temperatures, recorded on an hourly basis in the middle reaches of the Loire since 1976, allows reconstruction by multiple linear regression of the annual, spring and summer water temperatures from equivalent information on air temperatures and river discharge. Since 1881, the average annual and summer temperatures of the Loire have risen by approximately 0.8?°C, this increase accelerating since the late 1980s due to the rise in air temperature and also to lower discharge rates. In addition, the thermal regime in the Orleans to Blois reach is considerably affected by the inflow of groundwater from the Calcaires de Beauce aquifer, as shown by the summer energy balance. To cite this article: F. Moatar, J. Gailhard, C. R. Geoscience 338 (2006).     

西藏劣布铜矿的基本特征及成因初探

劣布铜矿为火山沉积喷流层控型铜矿床;矿体受比马组第四岩性段层位和角砾岩筒控制,容矿岩石为角岩、层夕卡岩和角砾岩,矿物组合简单,流体包裹体测试表明夕卡岩铜矿化形成深度小于典型的斑岩铜钼矿,显示矿床的剥蚀程度较低,对寻找斑岩型铜矿是有利的.     

陕北斜坡东部延长组油气成藏控制因素

陕北斜坡东部延长组油气勘探目的层系为长2油层组和长6油层组,属典型的低渗—超低渗储层;富含有机质的烃源岩为油气的生成提供了物质保障;广泛发育的泛滥平原相、沼泽相泥岩为油气成藏提供了良好的盖层条件。通过研究认为延长组油气成藏类型以构造—岩性复合油气藏为主,含油气性主要受物性、岩性及岩相等因素影响。有利的沉积相带、运移输导条件及鼻状隆起构造共同控制了延长组主力油层的分布。     

东昆仑山若羌地区白干湖钨锡矿床地质特征及成因

白干湖钨锡矿床是吉林省地质调查院近年在新疆东昆仑山进行地质调查、找矿方面取得的一项重大突破。矿床产于华南、华北两大板块的增生带中,矿体赋存于古元古界金水口群地层内,属石英脉型钨矿,目前初步控制的远景规模可望达到大型以上。该矿床的发现不仅对新疆东昆仑钨锡的地质找矿具有指导意义,而且对促进南疆今后矿业经济的发展将起重要作用。     

关于数字化记录中前兆信号的分析

介绍了如何用MATLAB工具软件—小波分析的基本理论对数字信号进行数字滤波,着重分析和研究了呼和浩特地震台形变观测资料出现各种信号,提出了小波分析理论对台站实际工作的重要性。     

Marine debris review for Latin America and the wider Caribbean region: from the 1970s until now, and where do we go from here?

The available literature on marine debris from Latin America and the Wider Caribbean Region was collected and linked, reviewing their methodologies and principal results (quantities, composition and spatial-temporal patterns). The study region comprises 52 coastal countries of which only 14 had registers of works on marine debris. A total of 70 works were available and 69 had their full contents accessed. Brazil dominated the available literature with 70% of the documents. Beaches were the most studied environment, and plastics the prevalent form of contamination in the whole region. The exposure of marine biota (species, type of contact, consequences) was highlighted. The studied region, although still little exploited by this sort of research, shows the same contamination patterns observed world-wide. We also contacted 40 researchers in the area, collecting scientific contributions, opinions and suggestions for improvement of this research field. Further advances and new (urgently needed) lines of research are also discussed.