Softs of Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, the maritime Antarctic: Part I. Formation processes and pedogenetic particularities

Based on the data obtained from tens of the investigated soil profiles scattered over the Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, the maritime Antarctic, the soil-forming processes were discussed. It was concluded that on the weathering crusts resulted from various physical courses, the strong freeze-thaw action within regolith, significant organic matter accumulation, evident leaching and illuviation, as well as initial argillification dominated the formation and development of the soils on the Fildes Peninsula. Furthermore, this study indicated that the juvenility of genesis, poor profile-expression, variation in column thickness, etc. characterized the pedogenetic features of the soils of the Fildes Peninsula.     

湘中南二叠系孤峰组硅质岩的成因属性及其地球动力学指示意义

华南二叠系底部的硅质岩及同一层位对应于华南重要的地幔强活动期和成矿期，有非常重要的动力学指示意义。研究表明，孤峰组剖面的岩性可划分为三段：泥页岩段、厚层状硅质岩段和薄层状硅质岩段。沿剖面自下而上，Al2O3、K2O和TiO2含量逐渐降低，MnO、TFe等组分逐渐升高；稀土元素显示出一定的铈负异常，∑REE偏低，且向上∑REE逐渐减少而HREE／LREE逐渐增高；一些热水沉积诊断性微量元素如As、Sb、Hg等也显示出一定程度的异常。这些特征均表明硅质岩的成岩过程中包含有正常沉积和热水沉积的共同作用，且自下而上热水沉积作用逐渐增强的趋势。这种成岩作用的演化特征，代表了下扬子地台拉张裂陷盆地对晚古生代伸展背景的沉积响应，对于探讨裂谷盆地阶段性发育的动力学特征有一定的指示意义。     

个旧锡矿区域地壳演化与成矿探讨

个旧锡多金属矿床是驰名中外的特大型矿床，过去认为是燕山晚期“花岗岩岩浆期后气液矿床”。但通过探讨区域上前震旦纪地壳演化、震旦纪-早古生代地壳演化、泥盆纪-三叠纪地壳演化以及侏罗纪-第四纪地壳演化，以及与成矿之间的关系，发现个旧矿区至少经历了印支中晚期海底基性火山-沉积成矿、印支中晚期海底喷流热水沉积成矿、燕山晚期花岗岩叠加改造成矿以及喜山期陆相表生沉积成矿作用，厘定了个旧锡矿区的印支中晚期海底基性火山．沉积Sn-Cu-Zn(Au)矿床系列、印支中晚期海底喷流-沉积Sn-Cu-Pb-Zn矿床系列、燕山晚期花岗岩叠加改造Sn-Cu-W-Be-Bi-Pb-Zn-Ag矿床系列、喜山期陆相表生沉积砂矿矿床系列等4大矿床系列及12种矿床类型。     

煤矸石释放重金属环境效应研究--淮南煤矿塌陷区水体试验场实例调查

概要分析了淮南新孜5号井煤矸石所含的重金属元素对塌陷区鱼塘水质的影响,指出除个别水样中Zn、Cu超标外,其他均不超标,该鱼塘水质适宜养鱼要求。矸石样与华北及整个地壳泥岩中元素的丰度比,矸石中Cr、Pb、Zn与泥岩丰度基本持平,而Cd、Cu均超过其他泥岩中丰度值。因此,煤矸石在地面遭受风化,其所含有害物质可能会释放到环境,在煤矸石堆放处适当进行监测还是必要的。     

新疆东准库布苏金矿床石英矿物标型特征及找矿评价意义

新疆东准库布苏金矿床石英矿物标型特征及找矿评价意义张旺生高怀忠吕瑞英（中国地质大学,武汉４３００７４）关键词石英标型特征找矿评价东准噶尔新疆１金矿成矿阶段石英的一般特征库布苏金矿位于新疆东准噶尔野马泉南约１６ｋｍ,矿区所属构造单元为西伯利亚板块准噶...     

Formation of Fe-oxyhydroxides from the East Pacific Rise near latitude 13°N:Evidence from mineralogical and geochemical data

The mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of Fe-oxyhydroxide samples from one dredge station (long. 103°54.48'W, lat. 12°42.30'N, water depth 2655 m) on the East Pacific Rise near lat 13°N were analyzed by XRD, ICP-AES, and ICP-MS. Most Fe-oxyhydroxides are amorphous, with a few sphalerite microlites. In comparison with Fe-oxyhydroxides from other fields, the variable ranges in the chemical composition of Fe-oxyhydroxide samples are very narrow; their Fe, Si, and Mn contents were 39.90%, 8.92%, and 1.59%, respectively; they have high Cu (0.88%―1.85%) and Co (65×10?6―704×10?6) contents, and contain Co Cu Zn Ni> 1.01%. The trace-element (As, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ba, Sr) and major-element (Fe, Ca, Al, Mg) contents of these samples are in the range of hydrothermal sulfide from the East Pacific Rise near 13°N, reflecting that this type of Fe-oxyhydroxide constitutes a secondary oxidation product of hydrothermal sulfide. The Fe-oxyhydroxide samples from one dredge station on the East Pacific Rise near 13°N are lower in ΣREE (5.44×10?6―17.01×10?6), with a distinct negative Ce anomaly (0.12 ― 0.28). The Fe-oxyhydroxide samples have similar chondrite-normalized rare-earth-element (REE) patterns to that of seawater, and they are very different from the REE composition characteristics of hydrothermal plume particles and hydrothermal fluids, showing that the REEs of Fe-oxyhydroxide are a major constituent of seawater and that the Fe-oxyhydroxides can become a sink of REE from seawater. The quick settling of hydrothermal plume particles resulted in the lower REE content and higher Mn content of these Fe-oxyhydroxides, which are captured in part of the V and P from seawater by adsorption. The Fe-oxyhydroxides from one dredge station on the East Pacific Rise near 13°N were formed by secondary oxidation in a low temperature, oxygenated environment. In comparison with the elemental (Zn, Cd, Pb, Fe, Co, Cu) average content of hydrothermal sulfide samples from the East Pacific Rise near 13°N, the Zn, Cd, and Pb contents of the Fe-oxyhydroxides are lower, and their Fe, Co, and Cu contents are higher.     

基于灰色马尔科夫链预测系统的设计与实现

通过对灰色GM[1,1]模型的算法改进,将改进后的灰色模型与马尔科夫链结合,既可以发挥灰色系统预测精确的特点,又可以利用马尔科夫链对准确预测波动性数据的优势。在灰色马尔科夫链模型的算法基础上,采用Visual Studio 2005开发环境,进行灰色马尔科夫链预测系统的设计。最后利用南方某地区十年来土地利用数据进行系统验证,结果表明,灰色马尔科夫链模型能很大地提高预测的精度和效果,符合实际要求。     

用CAPPI和PPI资料测定区域降水量精度比较

应用上海中心气象台７１４数字化天气雷达的体积扫描资料所得的不同高度上的ＣＡＰＰＩ资料和低仰角时ＰＰＩ资料。估算区域降水量并得到降水量分布形势。然后采用平均校准法进行了校准，最后又与用雨量计网测量的区域降水量及其分布形势作了比较，得到一些有意义的结果。     

地理空间的数学定义及定位型地图符号的制约因素分析

给出了地理空间的数学定义,推导了制图区域、地图投影、制图物体及其在椭球面和地图平面上的定位等概念,揭示了同一平面位置上可以依制图目的的不同而分别表示多种事物的性质或量值的基本原理,阐释了对同一制图区域进行多专题制图的客观条件和物理基础。     

长事务缓冲区同步接边法

数字地形图的接边问题实质是对两幅地形图的同步操作问题,提出长事务缓冲区同步接边法,以待接边边界为中心建立缓冲区,提取磁盘上另一幅地形图中落入缓冲区内的实体建立长事务,调入当前打开的地形图(当前数据库)中,实现了对两个待接边地形图的快速同步操作.用ObjectARX开发工具开发了在AutoCAD平台上执行的长事务缓冲区法接边程序,取得了满意的编辑效率和成图质量.