川南旅游地域开发时空模式探讨

文章运用Delphi和层次分析法 ,建立了川南旅游小区开发序位评价模型 ,并通过该模型对川南 14个旅游小区的开发价值进行了评分。在旅游地域系统理论的指导下 ,以各小区得分为主要依据 ,对川南旅游地域开发的时空模式进行了探讨。     

国土空间开发适宜性评价的理论、方法与技术应用

国土空间开发适宜性评价既是长期人地关系优化调控研究领域的重要研究内容,也是当前各层级国土空间规划编制的重要基础工作。该文运用文献调研、总结、对比分析等方法,围绕国土空间开发适宜性评价的概念内涵、演进历程、评价方法以及技术手段等方面进行综述,指出现有研究存在的不足与仍需深入研究的领域和方向。主要结论如下：① 当前国土空间开发适宜性评价已具有较为丰富的研究案例,但对国土空间开发的多目标协同评价关注不够,评价指标体系的精细化程度不足,多尺度综合研究存在短板;基础信息数据尚难满足全域、全要素、全时相的评价要求;地球信息技术支撑“智慧评价”的能力不足;② 未来应进一步加强国土空间开发适宜性评价基础理论研究,深化对评价内涵的理论认知,构建指标独立、系统高效的评价体系;丰富多尺度适宜性评价案例,重视区域发展定位,关注区域发展的特殊需求和产业优势,提升评价指标体系的精细化水平;紧跟“智慧社会”建设步伐,加强地球信息技术与物联网、大数据、云计算等新兴技术的融合应用,促进国土空间多源大数据的制定与适宜性评价体系的有效衔接,为实现“智慧评价”提供有力的技术支撑。     

县域交通优势度与经济发展的空间关联——以江西省为例

用重要区域邻近度替代区位优势度,对交通优势度评价模型进行修正,借助GIS软件的空间分析及SPSS软件的统计分析工具,并用修正后的模型,以江西省为研究对象,研究了该区域县域交通优势度和经济发展的空间分布特征与空间关联。江西省交通优势度呈现北高南低、设区市周边县域高、交通干线沿线高的特点;县域经济发展水平呈现整体偏低且发展不均衡、主要中心城市和工业城市及交通枢纽地区偏高、沿交通干线尤其是铁路干线较高的特点;交通优势度与县域经济发展呈线性相关,有4种组合类型:极化型、滞后型、超前型、落后型。为促进县域经济的发展,应从点(增长极)、线(发展主轴)及面(重点区域)3个方面发展交通网络。     

Dynamics of hunting territories and prey distribution in Amazonian Indigenous Lands

Indigenous Lands in the Brazilian Amazon intend to guarantee indigenous rights and conserve forests, although many do not correspond to peoples' territorial needs and may not effectively preserve wildlife. Most indigenous people rely on game for subsistence, and the spatial distribution of hunts and prey determine hunting sustainability and wildlife conservation. I examined the Kaxinawa hunting territory dynamics through the participatory monitoring and mapping of 10 ILs. The Kaxinawa are central-place foragers whose ideal hunting territories have a circular shape with a radius of 5 km. The geopolitics of the Kaxinawa combined with spatial occupation distort hunting territories to maintain indigenous control while respecting the territories of nearby villages. The fission of large villages leads to reduced hunting territories but increases the overall hunted area, consequently affecting game populations. Kaxinawa hunting did not lead species to extinction. The Kaxinawa hunted 65% of prey within 2.5 km of the villages and the other 30% within 5 km. Although all of the species were hunted close to villages, the prey were smaller, and several sensitive species were rarely hunted. The replacement of such sensitivity for more resilient low-ranked species on hunting bags suggests that these species might be depleted near villages. These findings provide objective standards for titling Indigenous Lands and for improving wildlife management within these lands.     

“一带一路”战略对中国国土开发空间格局的影响

"一带一路"是今后相当长一段时间中国全面对外开放的总体方略。建设"一带一路"已成为中国长期的国家战略,必将对中国国土开发空间格局产生重要影响。在分析中国国土开发空间格局现状特点的基础上,从全方位对外开放、互联互通基础设施条件改善、能源供应系统的变化、贸易畅通和人文交流与合作等几个方面探讨了"一带一路"战略对国土开发空间格局的影响途径和方式。重点论述了陆上国际经济合作走廊建设、海上国际大通道建设等"一带一路"具体行动对区域国土开发的影响。研究结果表明:1"一带一路"战略对国土空间格局将产生重要影响,不同国际经济走廊影响的重点区域不同,有助于促进均衡国土空间的形成;2"一带一路"战略将促进内陆地区形成若干个大都市经济区和内陆开放型经济高地,同时,强化与"一带一路"国际大通道相对接的国内开发轴线的地位和作用,形成全方位对外开放的国土空间格局;3"一带一路"战略将进一步增强沿海地区的国际竞争力,形成"高效"的国土空间;4"一带一路"战略将加快内陆沿边地区主要口岸和沿边城市的发展,使沿边地区成为重要的国土开发新空间。     

Quantitative measuring and influencing mechanism of urban and rural land intensive use in China

Land use issue is an important constraining force to limit economic sustainable development of China. Urban and rural rapid expansion depletes valued land resources under the background of rapid urbanization. An extensive use pattern might cause a serious waste of land resources. The study on influencing mechanism of land intensive use （LIU） in China at the county level is a key tool for effective LIU practice and policy-making. This paper uses OLS model, Spatial Panel Lagged model and Spatial Panel Error model to quantitatively analyze the influencing mechanisms of five class factors and 17 variables supported by GIS （Geographic Information System） and MATLAB. And a comprehensive data set was devel- oped including physical geography and socio-economic information of 2286 counties. Meanwhile, the spatiotemporal pattern of LIU has discussed by means of GIS. The results show that Spatial Panel Data models are slightly superior to OLS model in terms of signifi- cance and confidence level. Regression results of these models indicate that industrialization, urbanization, economic development level, location, transportation and policy have significant impact on LIU of counties. The variables of physical geography are less significant than socio-economic variables. An ignored variable of historical factor, however, became the best significant factor. In the future, the LIU at the county level should take advantage of the new situation by enhancing favorable factors and reducing disadvantageous ones, which can be acquired by improving the entire level and quality of industrialization and urbanization. We argued that an efficient and complete land market and operating system should be built to reflect market-oriented activities at the first place, then, differential LIU regulation policies and measurements should be optimized according to regional differences. In the meantime, we should pay close attention to the carrying capacity of local resources and environments when conducting LIU practices.     

中国海疆地理格局形成、演变的初步研究

中国既是中国海(渤海、黄海、东海和南海)沿岸国家(包括台湾以东西太平洋海域),历史上也曾经是鄂霍次克海和日本海的沿岸国家。帝国主义入侵与清政府不平等条约的签定,使中国一部分海疆与海权丧失,失去了鄂霍次克海和日本海沿岸国的地位。根据《联合国海洋法公约》以及中国颁布的《领海法》、《专属经济区与大陆架法》,对中国海疆地理格局的形成、演变进行研究,从而了解中国的领海、毗连区、专属经济区与大陆架等可管辖海域(海洋国土)的地理格局。     

区域经济发展中的“狼群效应”——以郑州与泉州市为例

采用经济实力分析、基尼系数和区位商的方法,对郑州市与泉州市所辖县域经济体的"狼群效应"进行了定量分析.认为郑州市与泉州市所辖县域经济体发展水平普遍较高,各县市之间的差距相对较小,产业、部门各具优势,并且具有较强的互补性.这种区域经济发展中的"狼群效应"不仅能够避免极化理论的缺陷,而且能够增强区域的整体实力和竟争力.郑州市与泉州市所辖县市的这种区域发展策略,有利于减小地区差距,加强城乡联系,促进农民的就近就地非农转化,而且能够最终实现城乡共同富裕.郑州市与泉州市所辖县市的发展模式为当前广大中西部地区的县域经济发展树立了典范.     

南极中山站附近麦氏贼鸥生态研究

1988年12月～1990年2月,在东南极拉斯曼丘陵南极中山站附近,对南极麦氏贼鸥的生态和生物学进行了观察。本文报道了麦氏贼鸥在该地区的栖息环境,活动规律,食性及繁殖生态等。     

河南乡镇地域上的中小企业集群研究

依据大量企业集群的实地调查数据,首先对河南乡镇地域上的企业集群发展特征和形成初始因素进行了分析。在此基础上,根据企业规模、数量以及主要驱动力,把企业集群发展分为孕育阶段、发生阶段、发展阶段、成熟阶段,并分析了集群各演化阶段的主要特征和发展动力。