Changes in the source and transport mechanism of terrigenous input to the Indian sector of Southern Ocean during the late Quaternary and its palaeoceanographic implications

Changes in the terrigenous sediment source and transport mechanisms during the late Quaternary have been investigated using four sediment cores within the Indian sector of Southern Ocean, using the magnetic susceptibility (MS) and sedimentological records. Sediments deposited during the Holocene and other interglacial periods were characterised by low MS, low sand content, reduced ice-rafted detritus (IRD) input and increased illite possibly transported via hydrographic advection from the south. The glacial intervals are characterised by high MS, high sand content, increased IRD input and reduced illite clays, derived from both local as well as Antarctic sources. Significant reduction in clay fraction and illite content during glacials suggests that the erosive and transporting capabilities of the deep and bottom waters could have reduced compared to the interglacial times. The changes in terrigenous influx to this region were significantly influenced by the rhythmic glacial-interglacial fluctuations in bottom circulation and the position of the Polar Front.     

鄂尔多斯盆地东部太原组古岩溶特征

鄂尔多斯盆地下二叠统太原组为碳酸盐与陆源碎屑混合沉积,主要由灰岩、岩屑石英砂岩、泥岩和煤岩组成。太原组沉积时期鄂尔多斯盆地东部为碳酸盐与陆源碎屑混合沉积的陆表海潮坪沉积体系和三角洲沉积体系。北部发育三角洲前缘沉积。南部发育碳酸盐潮下带—潮间带及陆源碎屑潮下带。太原组中普遍发育冲刷充填现象,说明短期的沉积间断发生频繁。太原组中岩溶角砾岩发育,主要为镶嵌状角砾岩,见到少量裂缝角砾岩和紊乱角砾岩。太原组中的岩溶形成于同生期,没有形成岩溶地貌。与现代碳酸盐沉积物相比,太原组灰岩具有较高的Mn和Fe含量,明显低的Sr含量和δ18O值。这是由于埋藏作用和淡水淋滤所引起的,低的Sr含量和δ18O值主要由淡水淋滤所致。与大多数地质学家研究得出的二叠纪生物和非生物成因的方解石的δ13C值相比较,太原组方解石的δ13C值无明显差异。宏观和微观特征均说明太原组存在古岩溶。岩溶作用使得灰岩的储集性能在一定程度上得到了改善。     

泌阳断陷双河-赵凹地区下第三系核三上段陆相层序发育的可容空间机制

泌阳断陷湖盆基底呈“反铰链式”构造沉降。在湖平面变化和构造沉降共同作用下,泌阳断陷湖盆陡坡带的可容空间变化仅有三种可能性:ａ．南缘及北缘减小,中央带增加;ｂ．南缘不变,中央带及北缘增加;ｃ．南缘、中央带及北缘均增加。针对这三种情况,分别在不同的物源供给速率条件下,分析了断陷湖盆陡坡带不同构造部位的剩余可容空间变化规律及沉积响应特征。文中探讨了参照井选择的可容空间机理;以泌207井作为参照井,对下第三系核三上段的陆相层序进行了划分;并采用Fischer图解法,作出了其实际可容空间变化曲线。     

河南泌阳断陷湖盆等时层序地层框架模式探讨

泌阳断陷等时层序地层框架模式,反映了陆相层序展布特征及其沉积体系时空配置关系,揭示了断陷湖盆成盆演化史及沉积充填史。泌阳断陷沉积充填史划分为三个阶段（初始断陷充填阶段、主断陷充填阶段及坳陷充填阶段）,并对应着三个盆地充填序列及其相应的构造层序。其中第二阶段包括强烈断陷充填亚阶段、稳定断陷充填亚阶段及断陷萎缩充填亚阶段,其沉积速率有由大到小的变化规律。早第三纪泌阳断陷湖盆经历了四个演化历程：山前洪水     

Oxygen-containing functional groups in land-derived humic acids—II. Changes in the oxygen distribution of humic acids during early diagenesis as revealed by derivatization methods

Extensive functional group analyses were performed on humic acids representative of eight increasing depth levels from a core drilled in the Mahakam delta (East Kalimantan, Indonesia). Oxygen amounts decrease observed during early diagenesis was related chiefly to loss of hydroxyl (lignol?) groups. Comparison between upper and deeper levels shows the following variations: hydroxyl group abundances go from 19 to 6% of humic oxygen. Identified functional groups amounts represent 47 to 32% of weight of moisture- and ash-free humic acids. No evidence of decarboxylation of humic material was detected.     

MIS 6期以来西菲律宾海表层营养物质水平演化及其控制因素:浮游有孔虫Globigerinoides ruber的Cd/Ca证据

通过西菲律宾海MD06-3052孔浮游有孔虫Globigerinoides ruber的n(Cd)/n(Ca)[n(Cd)和n(Ca)分别指示Cd元素和Ca元素的物质的量]变化研究及其与陆源物质输入、海水结构以及海洋初级生产力等重建结果对比,从营养物质来源和利用两方面,探究了MIS6期以来该区域表层营养物质水平演化及其控制因素,从而为热带西太平洋生物泵作用和营养物质循环提供新思路和新证据。MIS6期以及MIS 2—3期研究区吕宋岛来源的陆源物质输入增多,导致了研究区MIS 6晚期、MIS 3早期和MIS2期浮游有孔虫G. ruber n(Cd)/n(Ca)的升高。而在MIS 3晚期,尽管陆源物质输入量大、次表层营养物质上涌,但初级生产力对于营养物质的利用量大于前两者营养物质输入量之和,最终形成研究区浮游有孔虫G. ruber n(Cd)/n(Ca)在MIS 3晚期呈现逐渐降低的趋势。海平面的迅速升高导致营养物质来源短期不足引起MIS 6/5冰消期浮游有孔虫G. ruber n(Cd)/n(Ca)呈现低值。而MIS 5e期研究区陆源物质输入的增多,又促使浮游有孔虫G. ruber n(Cd)/n(Ca)出现高值。此外, MIS 4—5d期,陆源物质输入较低、次表层营养物质仍受到阻碍,但研究区初级生产力在MIS4—5d期则逐渐升高,致使研究区浮游有孔虫G.rubern(Cd)/n(Ca)呈现下降趋势。研究结果反映不同时期浮游有孔虫G.rubern(Cd)/n(Ca)的受控因素不同,需要对其从营养物质来源和利用两方面因素加以考虑,才能获得更为准确的研究结果。总之,本文对西菲律宾海浮游有孔虫n(Cd)/n(Ca)指标的探究,不仅为该指标在热带西太平洋区域的古海洋学研究打下了基础,还为该指标在其他海域更为准确的探究提供了新的思路。     

Reconstruction of nearshore chemical conditions in the Mesoproterozoic: evidence from red and grey beds of the Yangzhuang formation,North China Craton

ABSTRACT

Mesoproterozoic red beds near ancient coasts have not aroused extensive interest. A new geochemical study of the alternating red and grey dolostones from the Yangzhuang Formation provides a better understanding of the redox conditions of nearshore sedimentary environments. In this contribution, whole-rock samples are characterized by positive correlations of rare earth elements (REE) vs. Th and Fe_T vs. Th and flat-type REE distribution patterns, indicating massive terrigenous input, which is considered to be inherited from felsic rocks. Relatively high (Fe_mag+Fe_ox)/Fe_T and Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ ratios in red beds indicate more oxidized conditions in supratidal environments compared with the lower oxygen contents in intertidal environments. Under these two distinct chemical sedimentary conditions, acetic acid-leached red and grey samples both have HREE-depleted distributions, suggesting significant freshwater invasion. Moreover, limited terrigenous redox-sensitive elements (RSEs) can reach the coast where the red beds are deposited, whereas relatively high RSE enrichment factors originating from shallow oceans are recorded in grey beds. In the Mesoproterozoic, limited oxidative weathering, shallow seawater desalination, and low organic production occurred near the coast. Meanwhile, a prolonged period of low Mo and U availability preserved in carbonate minerals confirmed that marine oxygen levels failed to satisfy the deposition of offshore red beds. During the regression, potentially exposed sediments connected to atmospheric oxygen guaranteed the oxidation of iron and the formation of red beds, and these events were coupled with negative δ¹³C_carb shifts in the Yanliao rift zone.     

末次冰期以来南海东北部陆源有机碳埋藏通量演变:海平面和季风驱动

大陆边缘盆地是大陆风化剥蚀产物的主要沉积汇,其中有机碳的埋藏通量及其控制机制的研究对于理解全球碳循环具有重要科学意义。本研究基于南海东北部台西南盆地TWS-1岩芯的AMS14C测年、总有机碳、总氮含量和稳定碳同位素组成的分析,探讨了末次盛冰期23ka BP以来南海东北部陆源有机碳的来源、历史和影响机制。与潜在物源端元对比表明,台湾是研究站位沉积物陆源有机碳的主要物源,相对海源其贡献比例约为58%,陆源物质可能主要通过海底峡谷水道和低海平面时期陆架河流输入。重建的陆源有机碳通量在末次冰消期早期(19—13kaBP)和中全新世(7—4ka BP)期间有两个峰值,分别约0.16g/(cm2·ka)和0.09g/(cm2·ka)。综合分析表明,二者分别受控于冰期低海平面时期增强的陆架风化剥蚀和全新世季风强盛期降水驱动的古台湾岛剥蚀。我们的工作表明冰期-间冰期循环中海平面和季风分别驱动的大陆边缘有机碳埋藏可能对全球碳循环和大气CO2浓度演变有重要影响。     

山东半岛东北岸近海表层沉积物中木质素的分布特征及有机物来源

山东半岛东北岸近海是黄河入海泥沙向外输送的主要通道和重要沉淀区,探讨该海域沉积物中木质素的分布特征和有机物来源,对理解其中记录的环境演变信息具有重要意义.本文通过分析该海域表层沉积物中总有机碳(TOC)、总氮(TN)、碳稳定同位素(δ13C),并结合木质素及其特征参数,研究了其中有机物的来源,以及木质素的分布、植被来源和降解程度.结果表明,海源有机物是山东半岛东北岸近海表层沉积物中有机物的主要来源,有机物的分布特征受河流输入和海洋环流的共同影响.被子植物草本和木本组织是木质素的主要植被来源,酸醛比值表明表层沉积物中木质素都经历了较高程度的降解.     

海底淡水资源赋存条件及舟山北部海域海底淡水资源研究

第四纪时期,中国近海气候为冰期和间冰期周期性交替出现,黄、东海陆架区海、陆相地层交替沉积.海底第四系淡水资源主要是赋存在近海相对比较封闭的古河道砂层地层环境中.利用舟山北部海域2009年完成的高分辨率单道地震测量成果,结合前人调查资料和邻近陆地地区的水文地质资料,对地震资料进行了解译和综合分析研究,初步圈定了早更新世时...