全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2676篇 |
免费 | 419篇 |
国内免费 | 987篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 139篇 |
大气科学 | 53篇 |
地球物理 | 588篇 |
地质学 | 2780篇 |
海洋学 | 123篇 |
天文学 | 34篇 |
综合类 | 135篇 |
自然地理 | 230篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 15篇 |
2023年 | 49篇 |
2022年 | 86篇 |
2021年 | 92篇 |
2020年 | 99篇 |
2019年 | 113篇 |
2018年 | 101篇 |
2017年 | 128篇 |
2016年 | 130篇 |
2015年 | 131篇 |
2014年 | 150篇 |
2013年 | 168篇 |
2012年 | 214篇 |
2011年 | 173篇 |
2010年 | 125篇 |
2009年 | 145篇 |
2008年 | 218篇 |
2007年 | 199篇 |
2006年 | 167篇 |
2005年 | 149篇 |
2004年 | 133篇 |
2003年 | 168篇 |
2002年 | 124篇 |
2001年 | 134篇 |
2000年 | 127篇 |
1999年 | 156篇 |
1998年 | 107篇 |
1997年 | 84篇 |
1996年 | 80篇 |
1995年 | 63篇 |
1994年 | 66篇 |
1993年 | 42篇 |
1992年 | 35篇 |
1991年 | 31篇 |
1990年 | 16篇 |
1989年 | 15篇 |
1988年 | 17篇 |
1987年 | 14篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1954年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有4082条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
The color of pumice: case study on a trachytic fall deposit, Meidob volcanic field, Sudan 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper examines the cause of color variations of trachytic pumices which are essentially uniform in chemical composition
and proposes a geological model for their formation. A pyroclastic sequence of distinct subunits with brown, buff, and black
pumices was deposited during the 5000-B.P. eruption of a tuff ring in the central Meidob volcanic field (Sudan). Subunits
of buff pumices locally contain minor amounts of streaky pumice with pale-gray and dark-gray domains. The combined evidence
of petrographic studies, chemical analyses of whole pumices and groundmass separates, electron microprobe analyses, optical
spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and magnetic susceptibility measurements show that color variations of the
pumice clasts are related to the size and distribution of Fe3+-rich oxide microcrysts. Buff pumice and light-gray domains of streaky pumice have a colorless, transparent groundmass with
very few microcrysts. Dark-gray domains of streaky pumice contain abundant hematite and/or magnetite microcrysts visible in
thin section within a transparent, colorless glass groundmass. The groundmass of the black pumice clasts is brown in thin
section which is most likely caused by submicroscopic magnetite microcrysts. Brown pumice clasts have a mixed groundmass consisting
of brown domains and domains with opaque microcrysts in transparent glass. Variations in the eruption dynamics have been inferred
from lithological observations. Subunits of black pumices are related to eruption pulses with low magma discharge and high
water/magma mass ratio, whereas subunits of buff pumice were deposited during eruption pulses with high magma discharge and
low water/magma mass ratio. Brown pumices represent the top part of the magma body, and the initial stage of the eruption
probably had a low magma discharge. Streaky pumices are interpreted as the product of syn-eruptive mixing of Fe3+-rich oxide microcryst-bearing magma and microcryst-free magma.
Received: 3 February 1997 / Accepted: 28 July 1997 相似文献
72.
陆相渐新统划分中的问题及新进展 总被引:18,自引:1,他引:18
近年来国际上关于始新世-渐新世界线的研究取得了重大进展,其同位素年龄被确认为34Ma,北美哺乳动物年代表已据此重新厘定。通过对哺乳动物群的分析和对比,论证了我国原认为是早渐新世的乌兰戈楚期和呼尔井期的时代应改归晚始新世,原认为是中渐新世的三达河期的时代应为早渐新世。在亚洲始新世-渐新世的界线不是在乌兰戈楚期之末,而是在呼尔井期与三达河期之间。 相似文献
73.
福建沙县地区早白垩世火山岩成因及构造环境分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文着重阐述了沙县地区早白垩世火山岩地球化学特征,论证了中性与酸性火山岩的成因及物质来源,认为二者为不同源岩浆演化的产物,其岩浆物质来源于壳幔混源区,为省内双峰式火两端员岩石间成因关系的分析研究提供了新的例征。 相似文献
74.
75.
益阳市矿泉水是一种弱酸、弱碱性、低矿化、富含偏硅酸的HCO3-Ca天然优质饮料矿泉水。它赋存于武陵期海底裂隙式喷溢形成的基性火山岩-细碧玄武岩的构造断裂和半风化层的风化裂隙之中。矿泉水水量起源于多途,化学成分形成于多因,是多因复成的产物。 相似文献
76.
77.
78.
B. Takano K. Suzuki K. Sugimori T. Ohba S. M. Fazlullin A. Bernard S. Sumarti R. Sukhyar M. Hirabayashi 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2004,135(4):299-329
A bathymetric survey of Kawah Ijen crater lake was conducted by acoustic sounding in 1996 to compare the lake morphology with those measured in 1922, 1925 and 1938, and to calculate the present lake volume. Even though the lake experienced several hydrothermal eruptions, the maximum depth became shallower (182 m) than before (200 m), resulting in a reduced lake volume (3.0×107 m3).Fifty-two major and minor constituents including rare earth elements and polythionates (PT) of the lake waters at various depths were determined by ICP-AES, ICP-MS and HPLC, respectively. These ions except for several volatile elements are taken up by lake fringe through congruent dissolution of pyroclastics of Kawah Ijen volcano. Most ions are homogeneously distributed throughout the lake, although PT showed a considerable vertical variation. Rare earth elements (REE) in the Kawah Ijen water as well as those from other hyper-acidic crater lakes show distribution patterns likely due to the three rock dissolution (preferential, congruent and residual) types, and their logarithmic concentrations linearly depend upon the pH values of the lake waters.Using the PT degradation kinetics data, production rates of PT, injection rates of SO2 and H2S into the lake were estimated to be 114, 86 and 30 tons/day, respectively. Also travel time of the spring water at the Banyupahit Riverhead from Kawah Ijen was estimated to be 600–1000 days through the consideration of decreasing rates of PT. Molten sulfur stocks containing Sn, Cu, Bi sulfides and Pb-barite exposed on the inner crater slope were presumed to be extinct molten sulfur pools at the former lake bottom. This was strongly supported by the barite precipitation temperature estimated through the consideration of the temperature dependence of Pb-chlorocomplex formation. 相似文献
79.
Perceptions of hazard and risk on Santorini 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dale Dominey-Howes Despina Minos-Minopoulos 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2004,137(4):4
Santorini, Greece is a major explosive volcano. The Santorini volcanic complex is composed of two active volcanoes—Nea Kameni and Mt. Columbo. Holocene eruptions have generated a variety of processes and deposits and eruption mechanisms pose significant hazards of various types. It has been recognized that, for major European volcanoes, few studies have focused on the social aspects of volcanic activity and little work has been conducted on public perceptions of hazard, risk and vulnerability. Such assessments are an important element of establishing public education programmes and developing volcano disaster management plans. We investigate perceptions of volcanic hazards on Santorini. We find that most residents know that Nea Kameni is active, but only 60% know that Mt. Columbo is active. Forty percent of residents fear that negative impacts on tourism will have the greatest effect on their community. In the event of an eruption, 43% of residents would try to evacuate the island by plane/ferry. Residents aged >50 have retained a memory of the effects of the last eruption at the island, whereas younger residents have no such knowledge. We find that dignitaries and municipal officers (those responsible for planning and managing disaster response) are informed about the history, hazards and effects of the volcanoes. However, there is no “emergency plan” for the island and there is confusion between various departments (Civil Defense, Fire, Police, etc.) about the emergency decision-making process. The resident population of Santorini is at high risk from the hazards associated with a future eruption. 相似文献
80.
新疆双峰山浅成低温热液金矿床特征与成矿机制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
双峰山矿床位于新疆东天山北部西伯利亚板块陆缘晚古生代岛弧南部边缘,靠近克拉麦里板块缝合带.该矿区早石炭世浅海相玄武一安山质熔浆喷溢转为陆相流纹质熔浆喷发初期,火山热泉沿NW-NWW向线形管道(F2)形成以低Au品位硅质岩为中心的蚀变矿物晕(带);火山间隙性隐爆,潜火山热液于硅质岩裂隙间发育微细石英(冰长石)网脉,构成矿体.这两个成矿阶段同源同位的蚀变矿物晕(带)套叠,显示双峰山矿床蚀变分带与成矿模式,从上至下为隐爆硅质角砾岩化带、低Au品位硅质岩化带、石英(冰长石)网脉带(矿体)、黄铁矿蒙脱石化带和青磐岩化带.铅、硫同位素和稀土元素等研究表明,该矿床成矿流体与晚古生代岛弧早石炭世流纹质熔浆的陆相喷发相联系:火山热泉循环形成蚀变晕阶段加入大气降水,潜火山热液成矿阶段发育的低温微细石英网脉含冰长石和绢云母,它是一处晚古生代火山地区冰长石-绢云母型浅成低温热液金矿床。 相似文献