滇中地区昆阳群物源及构造环境

昆阳群的形成时代、沉积环境、源岩性质等一直存在较大争议,为了查明滇中地区昆阳群的物源及其形成的构造环境,文章在分析昆阳群沉积组合和沉积相的基础上,对昆阳群3件变质砂岩样品中的碎屑锆石进行LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年龄测定,对昆阳群20件极低级变质碎屑岩进行地球化学分析。从昆阳群黄草岭组、黑山头组和美党组中分别获得了最年轻的谐和年龄为984.0 Ma、945.0 Ma和954.0 Ma;碎屑锆石年龄峰谱显示,在1.0 Ga、1.35Ga、1.73 Ga和2.44 Ga出现了统计峰值,其年龄主要集中在1.73 Ga和1.35 Ga。表明昆阳群源区主要经历了1.0 Ga、1.35 Ga、1.73 Ga和2.44 Ga的构造热事件,资料显示扬子地块西南缘出露的大红山群形成时代为1.7 Ga,格林威尔期的构造热事件时期为1.0~1.3 Ga。此外,地球化学分析结果表明昆阳群源岩主要是形成于大陆岛弧—活动大陆边缘的石英质旋回沉积、长英质岩石和少量镁铁质岩石。在中元古代晚期—新元古代早期(0.95~1.0 Ga),Rodinia超大陆形成阶段,在扬子地块西南缘的弧后前陆盆地中形成昆阳群的沉积组合,物源主要来自扬子地块西南缘的大红山群和格林威尔期岛弧的岩石。     

右江盆地晚侏罗世钾玄质高镁安山岩的厘定及其构造意义

右江盆地在大地构造上处于特提斯和滨太平洋构造域的结合部位。本文报道了该盆地东部杨屯安山岩的岩相学、年代学和地球化学特征。杨屯安山岩具斑状结构和气孔状构造,斑晶主要为辉石,基质以针状斜长石微晶为主,含少量辉石。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明杨屯安山岩的喷发时代为159.3±2.8Ma,即晚侏罗世。样品的Si O2含量为53.13%~55.71%,具高MgO(6.74%~8.85%)、Mg#值(63~72)、Cr(416×10~(-6)~565×10~(-6))和Ni(207×10~(-6)~246×10~(-6)),低Fe OT/MgO(0.83~1.23)等特征,与典型高镁安山岩的特征相似。所有样品具高K2O(3.39%~4.77%)和K2O/Na2O(1.31~2.33),同时也具钾玄质岩石的地球化学特征。样品强烈富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,而亏损高场强元素,具较高的Rb/Sr(0.20~0.46)和较低的Ba/Rb(7.17~9.30),富集的Sr-Nd同位素组成((87Sr/86Sr)i=0.70738~0.70739,εNd(t)=-3.6~-3.4)。元素和同位素特征表明杨屯钾玄质高镁安山岩是含金云母的富集岩石圈地幔部分熔融的产物,形成于板内伸展环境而不是岛弧环境。晚侏罗世杨屯钾玄质高镁安山岩的厘定,反映了该时期右江地区处于岩石圈伸展-减薄阶段。     

浙江南部丽水盆地地层时代及构造演化

位于浙江南部的丽水盆地是华南东部典型的白垩纪火山岩盆地。对盆地中5个凝灰岩夹层样品进行了锆石LA-MC-ICPMS U-Pb同位素年代学分析,结果给出了(114±1)Ma,(114±2)Ma,(118±1)Ma,(122±1)Ma和(112±1)Ma的主体谐和年龄。结合区域沉积-构造接触关系,本文将盆地内火山-沉积序列分为上、下2个组合:下火山-沉积组合包括馆头组和朝川组,其形成时代在124~112 Ma;上火山-沉积组合以方岩组为代表,其时代在104~91 Ma。这两套岩石组合的形成记录了盆地两期伸展断陷事件。结合区域构造变形和古构造应力场反演结果,本文认为丽水盆地早白垩世经历了两个伸展-挤压旋回的构造演化过程,每一旋回的古构造应力场均以NW-SE伸展和NWSE挤压应力场的交替演化为特征。NW-SE伸展事件控制了盆地的初始张开、断陷和沉积物充填作用,其产生的动力背景与古太平洋板块俯冲过程中因俯冲板片后撤(roll-back)诱发的弧后扩张作用有关。NW-SE挤压事件导致盆地的构造反转,下白垩统普遍褶皱,并形成区域角度不整合面,其形成与俯冲板片的深部几何学变化或大陆碰撞的远程效应有关。丽水盆地伸展-挤压事件的幕式交替反映了弧后扩张过程中复杂的深部动力学背景。     

内蒙古巴林左旗九井子蛇绿岩锆石U-Pb定年:对西拉木伦河缝合带形成演化的约束

本文对位于西拉木伦河蛇绿岩带东段的九井子蛇绿岩中辉长岩脉以及蛇绿岩的围岩开展了锆石U-Pb定年。结果表明辉长岩的形成时代为(274.7±1.7)Ma,MSWD=0.079,属于早二叠世晚期;结合前人地层、古生物、岩浆岩等方面的资料,表明内蒙古东南部早二叠世晚期还可能存在大洋盆地。与九井子蛇绿岩呈断层接触的粉砂岩碎屑锆石年龄大致构成4个峰值:2350~2700 Ma、1700~2100 Ma、370~470 Ma和250~290 Ma,通过与区域构造热事件的对比分析,表明其物源主要来自中朝古板块的北缘。粉砂岩中最小的锆石年龄为晚二叠世末—早三叠世初((249±4.7)Ma),该年龄与内蒙古东南部海相地层消失的时代、安加拉植物群和华夏植物群出现混生的时代、西伯利亚和中朝古板块古纬度曲线收敛的时代以及区域上与碰撞相关的岩浆岩形成时代大致相同,据此本文认为九井子蛇绿岩的构造侵位时代应为晚二叠世末—早三叠世初,同时也可能代表古亚洲洋的最终闭合时代。     

Rock associations and their spatial-Temporal variations of the early mesozoic igneous rocks in the NE Asia: Constraints on the initial subduction timing of the paleo-pacific plate北大核心CSCD

This paper summarizes rook associations and spatial-Temporal variations of the early Mesozoic igneous rocks in the NE Asia, with the aim of revealing the initial subduction timing of the Paleo-Pacific Plate beneath the Eurasia, and the relationships between the early Mesozoic magmatisms and the Paleo-Asian tectonic system, Mongol-Okhotsk tectonic system, and amalgamation of the Yangtze and North China cratons. Dating results indicate that the early Mesozoic magmatisms in the NE Asia can be subdivided into three stages, i.e., Early-Middle Triassic, Late Triassic, and Early Jurassic. The early Mesozoic calc-Alkaline magmatisms within the Erguna Massif reveal southward subduction of the Mongol-Okhotsk oceanic plate. The Triassic alkaline and bimodal magmatisms within the northern margin of the North China Craton indicate an extensional environment related to the final closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean. The Late Triassic A-Type rhyo- lites and bimodal magmatisms, together with the Late Triassic stable sedimentary rocks, in eastern Heilongjiang-Jilin provinces, reveal an extensional environment and passive continental margin setting, whereas the Early Jurassic calc-Alkaline magmatisms and its compositional variations, together with the coeval accretionary complex, reveal the onset of the Paleo- Pacific plate beneath the Euirasian continent.     

新疆塔县达布达尔地区二叠系神仙湾组杂砂岩沉积构造背景分析

新疆塔县达布达尔地区二叠系神仙湾组位于塔阿西构造混杂岩带南侧,总体为一套深海复理石建造,主要以杂砂岩为主。源区岩石没有经过充分的搬运、分选,成熟度比较低。杂砂岩的稀土元素特征表现为轻稀土元素富集和Eu亏损明显的特征,与典型的后太古宙页岩和上地壳非常相似。微量元素含量也接近于大陆上地壳值,说明杂砂岩中的物源来自上地壳。沉积环境分析表明,杂砂岩母岩原岩为大量长英质火成物质和少量沉积物,其形成于深海厌氧环境。大地构造背景分析表明,杂砂岩物源区的构造背景以大陆岛弧为主,兼具活动大陆边缘的性质。结合区域地质构造背景,认为下-中二叠统神仙湾组为裂陷盆地沉积。     

西藏当雄地区拉屋矿床二长花岗岩地球化学特征及构造背景

西藏拉屋矿床位于冈底斯铜铅锌多金属成矿带东段。通过对拉屋矿区出露的二长花岗岩地球化学研究表明,岩石中SiO_2、Al_2O_3和CaO等的含量均高、贫Fe和低Na_2O;w(SiO_2)含量为65.40%~74.43%,A/CNK值在1.41~2.20之间,为强过铝质花岗岩。岩石稀土总量ΣREE(不含Y)较低,为(5.08~80.38)×10~(-6),LaN/YbN值为2.43~5.65,ΣLREE/ΣHREE为1.63~3.64,稀土元素配分型式为右倾型,具负铕异常。Nb、Ti、Zr、Ce等高场强元素和Ba明显的亏损,K、Rb、Sr等大离子亲石元素明显的富集。综合研究认为,本区花岗岩的物质来源于上部陆壳,岩浆源区岩石成分为泥质岩;该岩体为形成于同碰撞构造环境、地壳加厚阶段的过铝质花岗岩。     

Interaction between trench retreat and Anatolian escape as recorded by neogene basins in the northern Aegean Sea

The evolution of the North Aegean Sea is studied through the development of three deep basins: the North Aegean Trough, the North Skyros Basin and the Ikaria Basin. Bathymetric data, a 2D seismic dataset and the well-investigated stratigraphic records of the onshore deep basins of northern Greece and Western Turkey were used to make structural and seismic stratigraphic interpretations. The study area shows two sharp unconformities that correspond to the Eocene-Oligocene transition and the Miocene-Pliocene shift. These discontinuities were used as marker horizons for a more detailed structural and seismic stratigraphic interpretation resulting in the identification of several seismic units. A general seismic signature chart was established using onshore basin stratigraphy and well data, which was then used to constrain the ages of the different seismic units. The main features observed in the basins are interpreted as: 1) trans-tensional growth patterns in Pliocene and Quaternary sediments that combine NE–SW trending and steeply dipping fault zones that likely correspond to strike-slip corridors and E-W/WNW-ESE trending normal faults, 2) regional erosional truncations of Miocene sediments, likely related to the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC), 3) thick delta-turbidite deposits of Neogene age. Only the North Aegean Trough shows evidence of earlier development and polyphase deformation through inversion structures, and additional seismic units. Extension processes in the Aegean region have been driven by the Hellenic slab rollback since the middle Eocene. The widespread development of Neogene basins at the whole Aegean scale attests to a major tectonic change due to an acceleration of the trench retreat in the middle Miocene. The present study shows that the Neogene basins of the North Aegean Sea developed in dextral transtension with the northward migration of the associated NE-SW trending strike-slip faults. At regional scale, this tectonic pattern indicates that the westward escape of Anatolia started to interact with the trench retreat in the middle Miocene, around 10 Myr before the arrival of the North Anatolian Fault in the North Aegean Sea.     

Study of Influence of Regional Geodynamic Background on Strata Behaviors in China's Tongxin Mine

Strata behaviors are mainly affected by regional geodynamic background. The influence of rock mass stress and energy distribution on strata behaviors in the Tongxin mine is studied in terms of regional tectonic movement, seismic activity and tectonic stress field. The results show that the extrusion lifting movement of Kouquan fault adjacent to the Tongxin mine results in the stress concentration in the rock of the Carboniferous coal bed and accumulation of a large amount of elastic energy and forms structural background of Tongxin mine. Due to various seismic activities in the mine area, the strain energy is known to reach much higher levels, up to 0.5×10⁸ J^1/2. Since the stratigraphic structure is sensitive to the mining operation, the strain energy could cause strong strata behaviors. A special geological structure model of the Tongxin mine is established based on the geodynamic division method. The distribution of regional structure stress field is determined by the rock mass stress analysis system. Based on this model, Tongxin mine is divided into five areas with high stress, eight areas with low stress and eight areas with gradient stress. The strong strata behaviors mostly occur in high stress areas. These results could provide guidance to predict the strength of regional or mine pressure and control strata behavior in different areas.     

New tectonic map of Northern-Central-Eastern Asia:Position and evolution of Mesozoic sedimentary basins

The beginning of the XXI century was marked a new rising of the international tectonic cartography as a result of analysis and synthesis of a huge volume of geological information obtained for the territory of Asia especially during the last 30 years. The previous tectonic maps for Asia were created in the 1960 s--1970 s of the last century. Since that time,the national geological surveys have compiled tectonic maps exclusively in the limits of their own state boundaries. The international cooperation of five countries since 2002( Russia,China,Mongolia,Kazakhstan and Republic of Korea) gave a unique possibility to join the data into a united cartographic form as Atlas of Geological Maps( since 2002-Atlas of Geological Maps of Central Asia and since 2007-Atlas of Geological Maps of Northern-Central-Eastern Asia). Both atlases include four maps: geological,tectonic,metallogenic,and energy resources. Tectonic Map of Northern-Central-Eastern Asia and Adjacent Areas at scale 1 ∶ 2 500 000 was the key map for further compilation of the metallogenic and energy resources( coal,oil and gas) maps. By this reason,special attention was given to showing the structure and composition of the Mesozoic sedimentary basins in Northern-Central- Eastern Asia as the most perspective structures for oil-and-gas and coal prospect.