近50年来淮河流域极端降水的时空变化及统计特征(英文)

Based on the daily precipitation data of 27 meteorological stations from 1960 to 2009 in the Huaihe River Basin, spatio-temporal trend and statistical distribution of extreme precipitation events in this area are analyzed. Annual maximum series (AM) and peak over threshold series (POT) are selected to simulate the probability distribution of extreme precipitation. The results show that positive trend of annual maximum precipitation is detected at most of used stations, only a small number of stations are found to depict a negative trend during the past five decades, and none of the positive or negative trend is significant. The maximum precipitation event almost occurred in the flooding period during the 1960s and 1970s. By the L-moments method, the parameters of three extreme distributions, i.e., Generalized extreme value distribution (GEV), Generalized Pareto distribution (GP) and Gamma distribution are estimated. From the results of goodness of fit test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test, AM series can be better fitted by GEV model and POT series can be better fitted by GP model. By the comparison of the precipitation amounts under different return levels, it can be found that the values obtained from POT series are a little larger than the values from AM series, and they can better simulate the observed values in the Huaihe River Basin.     

盆地地史模拟述评

论述了盆地地史模拟的一般研究方法，认为回剥法是现今重建盆地沉积史与构造史最精确的方法详细讨论了地坟实校正、不整合处理和构造沉隆分析等主要数学模型及其适用范围；并在介绍地史模拟研究历史和研究现状的基础上，指出了地史模拟的发展方向。     

复合桩基设计与沉降分析

介绍了复合桩基的设计理论和步骤,分析了复合桩基的沉降发展过程,用Geddes应力解的分层总和法计算桩群分担荷载所引起的地基沉降,以Boussinesq应力解的分层总和法计算承台下土分担的荷载所引起的地基沉降,将二者之和近似作为复合桩基的沉降。对某住宅楼基础采用复合桩基设计,布桩数约为常规桩基设计的1/3,节约造价近35％。复合桩基最大沉降量较常规桩基设计大,但仍在基础容许沉降范围内。     

松嫩平原地下水脆弱性模糊综合评价

运用基于DRASTIC的模糊综合评价方法,对松嫩平原潜水的脆弱性进行了评价。分析了松嫩平原地下水环境脆弱性的主要影响因素,建立准确、适宜和完整的评价指标体系,确定最主要的7个水文地质参数。将研究区划分为75个评价单元,构建各单元归属于各个级别的最优相对隶属度矩阵,得出松嫩平原脆弱区和较脆弱区主要分布在王府-伏龙泉高台地、各条主要河流两岸及其较大支流河漫滩、低阶地以及中部的低平原地区;高平原地区和五大连池的玄武岩地区为难污染区和略难污染区的结论。     

Numerical and analytical observations on long and infinite slopes

Interest in the mechanics of landslides has led to renewed evaluation of the infinite slope equations, and the need for a more general framework for estimating the factor of safety of long and infinite slopes involving non‐homogeneous soil profiles. The paper describes finite element methods that demonstrate the potential for predicting failure in long slope profiles where the critical mechanism is not necessarily at the base of the soil layer. The influence of slope angle is also examined in long slopes, leading to some counter‐intuitive conclusions about the impact of slope steepness on the factor of safety. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

通量差分裂方法在一维河网模型中的应用

以通量差分裂格式离散非守恒型圣维南方程组,为保证河网整体离散形式的一致性,采用特征线方法离散边界节点,并引入限制器和熵修正使离散模型具有TVD（Total Variation Diminishing）特性,在线性隐式化的基础上最终构建基于隐式TVD类方法的一维河网水流模型。通过实例验证,表明提出的方法能处理跨临界流变化,而且在实际复杂河网中对水位及主、支河道分流比都能较好地模拟,具有一定实用性。     

碳还原法分析硫酸盐的氧同位素组成

硫酸盐矿物是自然界最常见矿物,也是自然界少数具有氧同位素非质量分馏效应的矿物之一.硫酸盐矿物的氧同位素组成可以为研究其形成过程和生成条件提供大量信息.目前,在国内外分析硫酸盐氧同位素的3种方法中,碳还原方法乃是分析硫酸盐中氧同位素组成的最精准方法.本次研究建立了分析硫酸盐中氧同位素组成的碳还原方法,介绍了硫酸钡的分析流...     

基于GIS的证据权重法在桂西南地区优质锰矿成矿预测中的应用

文章针对传统缓冲区方法在证据因子构造方面的局限性、证据因子设置的主观性及证据因子二值化时的信息损失等问题,引入场模型表达线状地质体对成矿的影响作用,提出利用线性回归分析结果来筛选证据因子.在桂西南优质锰矿形成条件分析的基础上,利用GIS空间分析方法构造了优质锰矿的地层与岩性、同沉积断裂、沉积盆地、沉积相、岩性组合、地层...     

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