透视圆锥投影的研究

分析了获取透视圆锥投影的原理和方法，推导出了透视切，割圆锥投影的一般公式，给出了透视切，割圆锥投影的几个特例，并对各种圆锥投 影的变形进行了比较分析。结果表明，透视圆锥投影用于小比例尺地图的制作是可行的。     

水泥土工程特性的室内试验与分析

通过室内试验研究了上海地区主要两个软土层的水泥土强度和压缩变形特性，分析了影响无侧限抗压强度的主要因素，验证了预测最终强度的回归公式以及变形模量E50与强度的关系。     

软岩弹性模量的测定与讨论

本文首先介绍一种岩土自动化精密三轴压缩试验系统,并以此试验系统所得的一组实验结果为例,揭示软岩在微小应变(ε_1=10~(-2)—10~(-5))条件下所反应的应力-应变的线性关系,以及根据软岩在弹性范围内所测得的数据求出弹性模量。本文结合以往的研究成果,对软岩的弹性模量及变形系数开展分析和讨论。最后,本文将实验结果与现场测试结果相比较,从中了解两者之间的关系。     

花岗岩中矿物相变的物性特征

本文通过对花岗岩弹性波速度、低频内耗和声发射随温度变化的实验研究，得出如下结论：波速和杨氏模具随温度的升高逐渐下降，到α-β相变点附近，波速和模量下降的梯度明显增大，并在此获得了标示石英相变的内耗峰。同时在相变点附近出现了声发射率的第二个高峰。     

High strain dynamic modulus and damping of chemically grouted sand

Laboratory resonant column and cyclic triaxial tests are performed to determine the dynamic response (i.e. shear modulus and damping) of chemically grouted sand. The effect of chemical grouting is evaluated as a function of shearing-strain amplitude, confining stress, cycling prestrain, number of cycles, grout type, concentration, and curing time. The test results show that the shearing-strain amplitude, grout type and grout concentration have significant effects on the shear modulus and damping ratio of the test specimens. The increased addition of sodium silicate grout, which produces stiff gels, improved the shear modulus of the test sand. The acrylate (AC-400) and polyurethane (CG5610) grout, which produces flexible (rubber-like) gels, improved the damping capacity of the sand with increasing grout concentration. The addition of chemical grout greatly reduces the effect of cyclic prestraining over untreated sands. In the case of dense sands, the reduction of cyclic prestraining is less pronounced than in loose sands, which have a higher potential for particle movement and reorientation.     

微分流形及其在测绘科学中的应用初探

本文用通俗的语言介绍了微分流形中几个最基本的概念,并对其在测绘科学中的应用作了初步探讨。     

Evaluation of rock mechanical behaviors under uniaxial compression with reference to assessed weathering grades

Summary  A weathering classification for granitic rock materials from southeastern Brazil was framed based on core characteristics. The classification was substantiated by a detailed petrographic study. Indirect assessment of weathering grades by density, ultrasonic and Schmidt hammer index tests was performed. Rebound values due to Schmidt hammer multiple impacts at one representative point were more efficient in predicting weathering grades than averaged single impact rebound values, P-wave velocities and densities. Uniaxial compression tests revealed that a large range of uniaxial compressive strength (214–153 MPa) exists in Grade I category where weathering does not seem to have played any role. It was concluded that variability in occurrences of quartz intragranular cracks and in biotite percentage, distribution and orientation might have played a key role in accelerating or decelerating the failure processes of the Grade I specimens. Deterioration of uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus and increase in Poisson’s ratio with increasing weathering intensity could be attributed to alteration of minerals, disruption of rock skeleton and microcrack augmentation. A crude relation between failure modes and weathering grades also emerged. Correspondence: Prof. T. B. Celestino, Universidade de S?o Paulo, S?o Carlos, Brazil     

Effect of consolidation ratios on maximum dynamic shear modulus of sands

The dynamic shear modulus (DSM) is the most basic soil parameter in earthquake or other dynamic loading conditions and can be obtained through testing in the field or in the laboratory. The effect of consolidation ratios on the maximum DSM for two types of sand is investigated by using resonant column tests. And, an increment formula to obtain the maximum DSM for cases of consolidation ratio κc>1 is presented. The results indicate that the maximum DSM rises rapidly when κc is near 1 and then slows down, which means that the power function of the consolidation ratio increment κc-1 can be used to describe the variation of the maximum DSM due to κc>1. The results also indicate that the increase in the maximum DSM due to κc>1 is significantly larger than that predicted by Hardin and Black's formula.