上游型尾矿坝液化前后渗流场与孔压分布数值模拟

针对地震(或静力)液化作用对尾矿坝渗流场和孔压分布的影响进行研究,基于多孔介质渗流理论,考虑到尾矿坝渗流特性,编写分析程序SAFTD。根据程序假设的初始浸润面,通过调整浸润面处网格迭代求解最终浸润面的位置,选取一个经典算例验证程序的可靠性。针对典型的上游法尾矿库,采用SAFTD程序分析液化前后尾矿坝的渗流场与孔压分布特征。数值模拟结果表明,液化后尾矿坝的浸润面中间部分发生明显抬升,而在入渗点处和出渗点附近变化不大;液化后尾矿坝的孔压明显增加,坝体内部孔压增大约18%~280%,最大的孔压增量发生在初期坝的右下部,数值模拟结果与Ishihara对Mochikoshi 2号坝的分析结果相似。     

江西铜矿山二次资源合理开发与利用

本文阐述了江西铜矿山在生产中产生的选矿废石,低品位矿石,地表难选氧化矿石,采用堆浸,萃取,电积工艺回收铜在矿坑酸性废水回收铜以及在选矿排出的尾矿中再次回收有用金属的试验研究与生产实践的效果及二次资源回收利用前景。     

化学物相分析法测定瓮福磷尾矿中钙镁磷元素形态含量

用化学物相分析法测定瓮福磷尾矿中钙、镁、磷元素形态含量。结果表明,磷尾矿中钙主要以白云石的形式赋存,并有少量以方解石、磷酸盐形式存在;镁主要以白云石的形式赋存,并有少量以磷酸盐、硅酸盐形式存在;磷主要以磷灰石的形式赋存,并有少量以铁氧化物、独居石、磷钇矿形式存在。各元素形态加标回收率为97.6%~107.2%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=12)为0.77%~4.85%。各元素形态分析结果表现出较好的稳定性,表明采用化学物相分析法测定瓮福磷尾矿中钙、镁、磷元素形态含量结果准确可靠。     

Development of a high modulus paste fill using fine gold mill tailings

Summary In the mining industry today there is some caution about using fine tailings as a backfill material. Traditionally, hydraulic backfill has only used the coarse fraction of tailings, excluding the fines by a classification process. With the development of paste fill, the percentage of fine tailings being sent underground has increased, but still remains low due to the high percentages of sand and gravel which usually make up these fills. Sand and gravel have been added to paste fills to aid pumpability and to increase fill strength and stiffness. This leaves the remainder of fine tailings destined for surface disposal. The main focus of this paper is to evaluate what effect the addition of fine gold mill tailings in the form of agglomerated tailings pellets has on the strength and stiffness characteristics of a total tailings paste fill. The purpose is to create a high modulus fill which is made up entirely of fine tailings. A constant slump design of 20 cm (8 in) was used for each mix. Various binder dosages, curing periods and combinations of pellet to tailings ratio were studied. Raw fill slump and density, and cured fill compressive strength and modulus of elasticity were also examined. Results from the above study indicate that agglomerated tailings paste fill (ATPF) has superior strength and stiffness characteristics. Compressive strengths were enhanced while the modulus of elasticity values was tripled when compared to total tailings paste fills of the same binder content and consistency. ATPF minimizes the surface disposal of tailings and maximizes the utilization of fine tailings underground as a useful backfill material.     

黑龙江省矿集区尾矿库遥感监测与分析

尾矿库是一个具有高势能的人造泥石流危险源,存在溃坝危险,一旦失事,容易造成重大或特大事故。尾矿库不仅占据了大量的土地资源、破坏土地植被,给环境安全带来隐患,同时尾矿中含有的各种重金属矿物和毒性物质经过淋滤和渗透,会严重污染尾矿库周边和下游的生态环境。为实现对尾矿库的遥感监测与分析,以黑龙江省重点矿集区尾矿库为研究对象,利用高分辨率遥感图像建立准确的遥感解译标志,对尾矿库进行遥感解译;利用GIS软件提取尾矿库的相关信息,摸清现有尾矿的基本类型、堆存数量、地理位置和有害因素等;同时了解和掌握尾矿堆放区的环境地质情况和生态状况,以期为尾矿库的监督和管理提供科学依据。     

基于动力离心试验的软基尾矿库地震响应研究

基于离心机振动台,分别针对典型软基尾黏土尾矿库及加高扩容后的尾矿库开展了动力离心模型试验,重点探究了加速度分布规律、软土及尾矿内部孔压变化规律以及“软基?库内尾矿?尾矿坝”系统的变形规律等内容。试验结果表明：软基对地震动的放大效应较为微弱,而坝体加速度沿高程逐渐放大,高层子坝加速度响应最为强烈,加高扩容后的现坝顶加速度响应可达原坝顶的2.2倍;地震作用下软土与库内尾矿内部均会产生一定的孔压增量,但未达到液化状态。地震动强度、软基及库内尾矿的固结状态对尾矿库的变形模式影响较大。当固结不充分时,在强震作用下易发生尾矿的水平滑移,进而造成坝顶及下游软土隆起。在固结较为充分且地震动强度较弱的情况下,变形模式以震陷为主。该试验成果将为此类尾矿库的动力稳定分析及抗震加固设计提供一定参考。     

细粒含量对尾矿工程性质影响分析

由长期工程实践和试验研究可知,尾矿的工程性质除与尾矿的矿石成分、筑坝方式以及矿浆的沉积特性有关外,重要的是与尾矿的颗粒粒度组成有关。为了分析上游式尾矿库尾矿经排放、沉积、分选等作用下颗粒组成的变化特征及其对尾矿工程性质的影响规律,通过对上游式尾矿库沉积滩面不同距离处尾矿进行颗粒级配分析、力学性质和渗透性质试验,重点分析了细颗粒含量（颗粒直径小于0.075 mm）对尾矿工程性质的影响规律。研究表明,随着距离上游式尾矿库滩顶长度的增大,尾矿颗粒组成中的细粒含量逐渐增多,颗粒级配情况由一般到良好再到一般,孔隙比也呈现出随之先减小后增大的变化趋势。受原尾矿颗粒组成的影响,尾矿黏聚力随细粒含量的增加呈逐渐增大,而内摩擦角相对变化较小,其渗透系数受细颗粒含量影响较大,随含量增大迅速减小。     

向山硫铁矿尾矿库联合排渗施工技术

通过水平排渗钻孔、碎石桩及盲沟等联合排渗工艺在向山硫铁矿某尾矿库再利用工程中应用的成功经验,介绍水平排渗孔等工艺在尾矿库再利用工程中的施工过程以及该工艺在尾矿坝中应用的前景。     

Geotechnical Characteristics of Copper Mine Tailings: A Case Study

Waste management issue in mining industry has become increasingly important. In this regard, construction of tailings dams plays a major role. Most of the tailings dams require some kinds of remedial actions during their operational lifetime, among which heightening is the most common. In the first stage of the remedial provisions for Sarcheshmeh Copper Complex tailings dam in Iran, it has been decided to use hydrocyclone method to provide suitable construction material due to the high cost associated with using borrow materials for heightening of the dam. To undertake this project a series of laboratory experiments was performed to determine the copper ‘original tailings’ and ‘cycloned materials’ geotechnical characteristics to evaluate the applicability of the cycloned materials for construction purposes. Different laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the grain-size distribution, Atterberg limits, specific gravity, maximum density, shear strength parameters, consolidation coefficient, and hydraulic conductivity. The results were compared with those of similar mines to check whether they follow the trends observed in other copper tailing materials elsewhere. Variation of the cohesion and internal friction angle versus different compaction ratios were studied in order to determine realistic shear strength parameters for tailing dam stability analysis. In this study, using oedometer test, a mild linear relation between void ratio and the consolidation coefficient has been found for tailings materials. By considering the effects of void ratio and weight of passing sieve #200 materials, a new relationship is proposed that can be used for estimating the copper slimes hydraulic conductivity in seepage analysis of tailings dams.