试论中国重要景观区区域地球化学异常系统评价的量化模型

在对中国5个重要景观区1:20万金、铜表生地球化学异常特征进行总结、对比,并讨论景观、表生因素对区域异常评价标志影响的基础上,进一步充实、完善了区域异常系统评价体系的思路和评价准则,提出了区域地球化学异常系统评价的量化模型。     

利用RPC模型进行IKONOS影像的精确定位

研究了IKONOS卫星影像基于RPC模型的立体定位算法与区域网平差方法.针对立体定位计算过程中RPC(Rational Polynomial Coefficients)模型存在的系统性误差,给出了物方和像方补偿方案.实验结果表明,各种补偿方案均可有效消除RPC模型的系统误差,取得优于1.3 m的定位精度;区域网平差的定位精度可达1.1 m,是最理想的定位方法.     

Thesaurus and Domain Ontology of Geoinformatics

Geoinformatics is a comparatively new interdisciplinary science and as a part of space informatics uses methods and terminology of informatics and many natural sciences. An ontology of geoinformatics is discussed in the paper, especially concerning its structure, relationships with other ontologies, resources for development and utilization. The ontology of geoinformatics is a kind of domain ontology and has a layered structure consisting of syntactic and semantic layers. The corpus of this ontology is an existing multilingual dictionary of geographical information systems (GIS) enriched with terminology from other external sources. The building of the ontology is preceded by the development of a taxonomy and thesaurus of geoinformatics. The thesaurus database is converted into an OWL ontology by a Visual Basic application. The reusing of the ontology is proposed by its transformation in application ontologies for geoinformatics education.     

A taxonomic study on the families Lepadellidae and Trichocercidae （Rotifera： Monogononta） of Turkey

Thirteen rotifer species belonging to the families Lepadellidae and Trichocercidae were studied taxonomically from nine water bodies in Turkey. Lepadella biloba is a new entry to the Turkish rotifer fauna. All species were drawn under a light microscope using a camera lucida.     

Integrative taxonomic description of Plakina kanaky,a new polychromatic sponge species from New Caledonia (Porifera: Homoscleromorpha)

Four similar sponges of different colors, all unknown to science, were collected in submarine caves of New Caledonia. We aimed at determining whether the four chromotypes represented different species or phenotypic variations of a unique new species. We used an integrative taxonomic approach combining morphologic, molecular and metabolomic analyses. The main traits that define these specimens are a skeleton made of monolophose, trilophose and tetralophose calthrops only, high chemical diversity and a high abundance and diversity of prokaryotic symbionts. The symbiotic community includes two unique prokaryote morphotypes, which are described for the first time in Homoscleromorpha, and appeared to be vertically transmitted. Although several features slightly differ among chromotypes, the most parsimonious conclusion was to propose a single new species Plakina kanaky sp. nov. Our phylogenetic analysis indicated the paraphyly of the Plakina genus, with P. kanaky sp. nov. belonging to a clade that includes Plakina jani and Plakina trilopha. The present work demonstrates that integrative taxonomy should be used in order to revise the entire Plakinidae family and especially the non‐monophyletic genus Plakina.     

Parasitic barnacles (Cirripedia: Rhizocephala) from New Zealand off‐shore waters

Nine genera and species of rhizocephalans were recorded from the off‐shore waters around New Zealand. Mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences were used to examine base differences between the European and New Zealand species of Parthenopea. Serial sections to study the internal structures of the reproductive organs were made for the genera Thylacoplethus and Thompsonia. Two species, Parthenopea australis n. sp. and Thylacoplethus novaezealandiae n. sp. are new to science and described in detail. Parthenopea australis n. sp. is the first rhizocephalan species recorded from the vicinity of active cold seeps. Three rhizocephalans could not be identified as they were parasitised by hyperparasitic cryptoniscine isopods. The decapodhost species comprised the taxa Paguridae, Lithodidae, Galatheidae, Chirostylidae, and Callianassidae.     

顾及系统误差的GEO卫星几何法定轨PDOP值分析

针对GEO卫星几何法定轨中系统误差对PDOP值的影响进行研究,首先回顾了经典几何法定轨的基本原理,然后根据顾及系统误差的几何法定轨原理推导出PDOP值计算公式,并利用5个跟踪站的模拟数据,计算了多种系统误差情况下PDOP值。结果表明：系统误差对GEO卫星几何法定轨的PDOP值影响很大;采用顾及系统误差的几何法定轨方法可以较好地削弱系统误差对PDOP值的影响;国外布设跟踪站比仅在中国布设跟踪站能更好地削弱系统误差对PDOP值的影响。     

极震区岩体地震动力破坏研究体系框架浅析

极震区岩体地震动力破坏是造成极震区严重的地震地质灾害和次生灾害的根本原因。汶川地震中因此而导致的交通工程结构损坏、中断和次生崩滑流、堰塞湖等地质灾害,不仅加剧了灾害损失,并给震后的灾区恢复重建和对外交通遗留了较多的安全隐患。从岩体稳定、山体稳定和区域稳定的层次,分别对有关极震区岩体地震动力破坏的主要研究成果进行了系统总结,分析了其现状和存在的问题。结合对研究思路和方法论的讨论,构建了极震区岩体地震动力破坏研究的体系框架,提出了极震区岩体地震动力破坏研究的主要内容和方向,以期明晰概念,理清思路,为有关问题的深入研究提供有益的参考。     

一株分离自太平洋卡罗琳深海海山水域NX-5T菌株的多相分类鉴定

黄杆菌种类多、分布广,但从深海海山环境中发现黄杆菌新物种的报道还没有。2017年我们从西太平洋卡罗琳深海海山水域分离到一株细菌XN-5^T,经16S rRNA基因序列测定表明,该菌与黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium)内系统发育关系最近模式菌株F.degerlachei LMG 21915^T、F.frigoris LMG 21922^T之间的相似性分别为97.5%和97.8%。本研究采用形态学观察、生理生化特征、遗传特征、脂肪酸和极性脂测定等方法,对该菌株进行了详细的多相分类鉴定。结果表明,XN-5^T菌株在16S rRNA基因系统发育、生长温度、淀粉、酪蛋白水解、硝酸盐还原,产α-半乳糖苷酶、α-葡萄糖苷酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶,同化L-阿拉伯糖、D-甘露醇、N-乙酰-氨基葡萄糖、葡萄糖酸钾,发酵蔗糖、阿拉伯糖,以及脂肪酸、极性脂组成等方面,均与相近模式菌株有所差异。综合多相分类鉴定数据,我们判定XN-5^T菌株为Flavobacterium属内的一个新种,命名为Flavobacterium pacifica sp. nov。     

天绘一号卫星三线阵影像RPC模型定位精度验证与分析

天绘一号卫星以RPC参数作为主要的影像辅助数据提供给用户,对传感器的技术参数进行隐藏.文中简要介绍RPC模型的立体定位方法,并针对定位结果中存在的明显的系统误差,采用像方补偿方案进行补偿,最后利用两景天绘一号卫星三线阵影像RPC模型对测区进行实验验证和分析.结果表明,采用少量地面控制点进行系统误差补偿后,定位精度提升效果明显,验证了模型的正确性和有效性.