利用布格重力资料研究太行山东南缘断裂构造特征

通过对豫北地区1∶20万布格重力异常数据进行小波多尺度变换,得到1~4阶小波细节所包含的重力异常信息,分析研究区内重力场源在横向和纵向上产生的异常特征,并结合地质构造环境对其成因进行解释。利用不同阶次小波变换结果,对太行山东南缘11条主要断裂及其空间分布特征进行分析解释,并推测各断裂的可能埋深。     

伸缩仪标定故障解决实例

延庆地震台伸缩仪在2011年9月和2013年3月两次标定过程中,EW 分量和 NS 分量分别出现标定不合格问题,经过分析排查,最终通过维修标定器解决故障。此类问题从标定数据看有一定规律性,故障现象具有典型性,对地震台站伸缩仪运行维护和故障判定具有借鉴意义。     

矿井表外孤立块段过断层探查技术与应用——沂源煤田鲁村煤矿过F_(10)断层探查技术

为充分合理开采利用煤炭资源,对鲁村井田周边孤立块段实施探查,查明煤层的赋存状况,确定其可采性。通过对矿井表外孤立块段过断层探查技术与应用实践,解决了矿井表外孤立块段的开采问题,查明了多个可采煤层,扩大了煤炭储量83.8万t,延长了矿山服务年限。     

黑河流域民乐山前隐伏构造带地下水补给与更新

第四系地下水是民乐山前地区居民清洁饮水的重要水源,而复杂的隐伏构造对区内地下水的运移和更新具有重要的控制作用。本文应用环境同位素技术,深入讨论了该区地下水的补给、更新能力以及隐伏构造对地下水更新的影响。结果表明:(1)民乐山前第四系地下水的补给来源包括出山河水渗漏和当地降水入渗,二者对地下水补给的贡献分别为89%和11%;(2)地下水更新能力由山前向下游变差,山前一带地下水更新周期在20～30年之间,下游的六坝北部一带地下水更新周期大于50年;(3)隐伏构造具有明显的阻水作用,导致地下水径流速度减缓。     

Active tectonics around the junction of Southwest Japan and Ryukyu arcs: Control by subducting plate geometry and pre‐Quaternary geologic structure

The origin of active faults in the Inner zone of the western part of Southwest Japan was explained by a decrease of the minimum principal stress and reactivation of ancient geologic structures. Although the E–W maximum principal stress in Southwest Japan due to the collision of the Southwest and Northeast Japan arcs along the Itoigawa–Shizuoka Tectonic Line is assumed to decrease westward, the density of active strike‐slip faults increases in the western margin of the Southwest Japan Arc (western Chugoku and northern Kyushu) where the subducting Philippine Sea Plate dips steeply. The E–W maximum compressional stress is predominant throughout Southwest Japan, while the N–S minimum principal stress that is presumably caused by coupling between Southwest Japan arc and Philippine Sea Plate decreases due to the weak plate coupling as the plate inclination increases under the western margin of Southwest Japan. The increase of the fault density in the western margin of the arc is attributed to a decrease of the minimum principal stress and consequent increase of shear stress. Low slip rates of the active faults in this region support the view that the westward increase of fault density is not a response to increasing maximum stress. These faults of onshore and offshore lie in three distinct domains defined on the basis of fault strike. They are defined domains I, II, and III which are composed of active faults striking ENE–WSW, NW–SE, and NE–SW, respectively. Faulting in domains I, II, and III is related to Miocene rift basins, Eocene normal faults, and Mesozoic strike‐slip faults, respectively. Although these active faults are strike‐slip faults due to E–W maximum stress, it is unclear whether their fault planes are the same as those of pre‐Quaternary dip‐slip faults.     

珠江三角洲晚第四纪地层、海平面变化 与构造运动的关系

在回顾南海北部海岸和陆架地层证据的基础上,梳理了珠江三角洲晚第四纪演变历史。结果显示：1）本区晚第四纪地层拥有2套海相沉积,上（新）海相层是当前间冰期（或10.5 ka B.P.以来）高海平面期间形成的沉积物,而下（老）海相层最可能是末次间冰期（126―120 ka B.P.）高海平面阶段留下的沉积物;2）老海相层顶面埋深在三角洲盆地内至少比现今海平面低10~15 m,在珠江口一带则低于20 m,这说明珠江三角洲盆地存在构造沉降,因为2次间冰期的海平面高度是相近的;3）在新生代欧亚板块大陆向东南伸展的构造格局下,南海北部陆架和海岸带经历长期连续的沉降,而长期平均沉降率在0.12 mm/a左右,明显低于GPS测出的现代沉降率;4）在这种板块运动基础上,晚第四纪断裂活动增强了三角洲盆地的沉降,为2次海侵提供了可容沉积空间。     

伊舒断裂的活动特征及其对拟建长春-辽源铁路的影响研究

本文较详细的论述了伊舒断裂带的基本特征、活动性、断裂分段及地震活动性,重点探讨了伊舒断裂带南段的活动性,从活动断层工程评价方面,研究了该断裂带对拟建长春-辽源铁路工程的影响。     

SORTAN: An Analytical Method to Determine Fault Slip as Induced by Stress

We propose an analytical method, namely the SORTAN method, to determine the sense of slip on faults as induced by stresses. This method is useful to infer the sense of motion along faults whose surface cannot be directly accessed, such as faults imaged in the subsurface. Because the SORTAN method is based on the Wallace–Bott hypothesis, we assume that the shear stress vector applied to a given fault is parallel to the slip vector on this fault. The assumptions allow for simplification of the method that in turn implies very short calculation times. A concise formalism is adopted. We introduce the stress ratio ' that accounts for (1) the type of stress regime (i.e., strike-slip, reverse or normal) and (2) the degree of anisotropy of the stress state. The formalism of the SORTAN method permits an easy exploration and imaging of the complete collection of slip motions that may theoretically occur on fault planes. The input parameters are the fault plane orientation, the type and anisotropy of the stress regime, and the azimuth of the horizontal stress axes.     

断层带及其周围块体系统的非连续运动变形模拟

从工程块体系统非连续变形分析的基本理论出发 ,在严谨的运动学、力学基础上 ,给出了利用大地测量数据 (包括空间大地测量 ,跨断层测量 ,形变测量等 )分析断层带及其周围块体系统非连续运动变形的基本方程和方法。此方法除具有有限单元法的优点外 ,还能根据具体情况采用各种形状的弹性块体划分 ,对不同的断层和块体间的接触、滑动、张开选取不同物理参数 ,并把系统的大位移和大变形视为小位移和小变形的迭加。文中给出了计算公式和正反分析算例。