The Petrology, Geochemistry, and Petrogenesis of E-MORB-type Mafic Rocks from the Guomangco Ophiolitic Mélange, Tibet

The Guomangco ophiolitic melange is situated in the middle part of the Shiquanhe- Yongzhu-Jiali ophiolitic melange belt （SYJMB） and possesses all the subunits of a typical Penrose- type ophiolite pseudostratigraphy. The study of the Guomangco ophiolitic melange is very important for investigating the tectonic evolution of the SYJMB. The mafic rocks of this ophiolitic melange mainly include diabases, sillite dikes, and basalts. Geochemical analysis shows that these dikes mostly have E-MORB major and trace element signatures; this is the first time that this has been observed in the SYJMB. The basalts have N-MORB and IAB affinities, and the mineral chemistry of harzburgites shows a composition similar to that of SSZ peridotites, indicating that the Guomangco ophiolitic melange probably originated in a back-arc basin. The Guomangco back-arc basin opened in the Middle Jurassic, which was caused by southward subduction of the Neo-Tethys Ocean in central Tibet. The main spreading of this back-arc basin occurred during the Late Jurassic, and the basalts were formed during this time. With the development of the back-arc basin, the subducted slab gradually retreated, and new mantle convection occurred in the mantle wedge. The recycling may have caused the metasomatized mantle to undergo a high degree of partial melting and to generate E- MORBs in the Early Cretaceous. E-MORB-type dikes probably crystallized from melts produced by about 20%-30% partial melting of a spinel mantle source, which was metasomatized by melts from low-degree partial melting of the subducted slab.     

甘肃大型变形构造及蛇绿构造混杂岩带特征

大型变形构造带是地球表层重要的构造现象,它们记载了地壳的构造变形（走滑错移、逆冲叠覆和伸展滑移）过程及其动力学机制。本文根据大型变形构造定义及其分类原则,将甘肃省大型变形构造划分为3大类10种类型,初步厘定出大型变形构造带23个,简要叙述了主要大型变形构造规模、产状、构造层次、物质组成、变形期次等基本特征,探讨了大型变形构造与蛇绿构造混杂岩带的关系,从全省北山造山带、祁连造山带、西秦岭造山带和鄂尔多斯盆地“三带一盆”的构造格局出发,探讨大型变形构造形成、演化历史。     

雅鲁藏布江缝合带白朗县白岗尖晶石—石榴子石相二辉橄榄岩的相界反应及其意义

西藏白朗县白岗村蛇绿混杂岩中有一罕见的尖晶石石榴子石二辉橄榄岩小岩块,被松软的蛇纹岩化尖晶石二辉橄榄岩包裹其中。岩块中发育有碎基单斜辉石、斜方辉石中出溶单斜辉石、切过出溶单斜辉石的贯入单斜辉石和外来碎粒单斜辉石及钙质辉石+铬尖晶石→钙铁石榴子石相界反应。同时,在岩块和包壳岩石的橄榄石中出现针状硅镁石出溶物。计算这些矿物的温度压力表明,它们的温度压力都处于>800℃,>1.8GPa以上的地幔石榴子石域超高压环境,而且,经历过一个上升→俯冲→上升的"N"字形历程。     

甘孜—理塘结合带锰结核的发现及其地质意义

在甘孜—理塘结合带内理塘县中木拉乡附近发现锰结核。通过地质填图和综合研究,该锰结核产于结合带内瓦能蛇绿混杂岩组中的黑色粉砂质板岩中。其沉积层序为玄武岩→硅质岩→含锰结核粉砂质板岩。锰结核主量元素具有高Mn、低Fe、Si、Ca的特点,其中Mn含量为42.19%,高出大洋锰结核平均值1.83倍,Mn/Fe值较高,达8.1。锰结核中除Cr高于大洋锰结核平均值2～7倍外,多数微量元素低于大洋锰结核平均值。稀土元素具有较明显的Ce正异常,稀土总量、轻重稀土分异程度、Eu异常特征与混杂岩中的砂岩、硅质岩近似,而与玄武岩差别较大。该锰结核产出于大陆边缘构造环境,火山活动微弱,代表甘孜—理塘洋扩张到最大程度时的沉积。其时甘孜—理塘洋规模仍是有限的。     

西昆仑麻扎构造混杂岩带中－下侏罗统叶尔羌群源区构造背景分析

本文在收集和总结前人研究成果的基础上,通过对西昆仑麻扎地区中-下侏罗统叶尔羌群碎屑组分和砂岩地球化学特征分析,讨论了叶尔羌群沉积源区大地构造背景.在莎里塔什组沉积时期,物源区的构造背景主要为大陆岛弧、大洋岛弧的性质;杨叶组沉积时期,源区的大地构造背景为大陆岛弧,兼有活动大陆边缘性质;塔尔尕组沉积时期,源区构造背景复杂:既显示活动大陆边缘和岛弧(大洋岛弧、大陆岛弧)的性质,同时还显示出被动陆缘环境,其可能与晚三叠世造山开始时克拉通地块边缘的卷入有关.