火山岩磁化率特征及其影响因素:以准东石炭系巴塔玛依内山组为例

以准噶尔盆地东部石炭系巴塔玛依内山组火山岩为例,通过测量分析不同岩性类型火山岩磁化率,确定研究区主要类型火山岩的磁化率特征,总结磁化率的影响因素。结果表明,研究区内基性火山岩的平均磁化率为11.705×10~(-3)SI,中性火山岩的平均磁化率为6.325×10~(-3)SI,酸性火山岩的平均磁化率为0.345×10~(-3)SI,磁化率可以有效区分这三种具有不同磁性矿物组合的岩石类型。研究区火山岩受成岩作用改造强烈,其磁化率受矿物组成、成岩方式、结构构造及岩石蚀变等因素的综合影响。进一步研究发现,钙质、硅质等逆磁性矿物不同程度地交代辉石和角闪石等强磁性矿物斑晶,且作为填隙物的主要成分充填于岩石孔缝中,是致使研究区中基性火山岩整体磁化率明显偏低的主要原因。     

Climatic periodicities recorded in lake sediment magnetic susceptibility data: Further evidence for solar forcing on Indian summer monsoon

The Indian summer monsoon exhibits considerable spatio-temporal variability.It is therefore important to understand its dynamics and the inherent periodicities.In this study,we have performed spectral and wavelet analyses of magnetic susceptibility data for sediments from Thimmannanayakanakere(TK)-a small lake in southern India.The main objective of this investigation is to identify and explain the possible origin of the prominent periodicities present in the magnetic susceptibility data.Significant periodicities in the TK χ_(lf)data are centered at 906,232,147,128,96,61,54 and 44 years,which might have a solar origin.The wavelet power spectrum of the raw and detrended χ_(lf)data confirms the findings of spectral analysis and also provides temporal variations of the significant cyclicities during the past3700 cal.years B.P.Positive correlation is documented between sunspot activity and TK xif data;crossspectral analysis of the reconstructed sunspot data and TK xif data suggest that there is a strong coherence between the two datasets as significant periodicities are documented in both.There is a good match between the TK xif and the reconstructed total solar irradiance data for the past 1200 years.However,an out-of-phase relationship is documented at certain time-intervals,which may be attributed to uncertainties in the age-depth model.The results obtained from this study show that solar variations are the main controlling factor of the southwest monsoon and,like other archives from different regions in India,the TK lake sediments have also recorded these solar signatures.     

黄土高原260万年以来东亚夏季风演变信号研究

在研究黄土高原东亚季风地质时期周期演变中,引入了用于定量检测周期的奇异谱分析方法,结合小波分析,对典型的黄土高原陕西省洛川黄土剖面、甘肃省灵台黄土剖面的磁化率中2.6 MaB.P.以来东亚季风的强信号进行了研究。结果表明:2.6-1.0 MaB.P.之间地质时期,除在1.87-1.37 MaB.P.之间可能存在一个周期演变不明显的缺失时段外,东亚季风演变的主导周期是40 ka,0.9-0.6 MaB.P.是40 ka周期和100 ka周期的调整过渡期。0.6 MaB.P.以来的主导周期是100ka。研究还发现,1.2 MaB.P.前后没有明显的周期差异,说明1.2 MaB.P.不是一次真正意义上的周期转型事件,而是周期演变过程中的触发事件,这一触发事件对0.9 MaB.P.以后出现的周期转型事件影响深刻。40 ka周期从1.2 MaB.P.开始衰减,至0.9MaB.P.时100 ka周期逐渐建立。0.6 MaB.P.开始东亚季风出现冷暖大幅振荡的100 ka演变周期,因而0.6MaB.P.具有气候振荡加剧的突变性质。     

安徽巢湖全新世湖泊沉积物磁化率与粒度组合的变化特征及其环境意义

通过对获取的巢湖湖泊沉积岩芯的磁化率与粒度组合特征的分析,结合孢粉及相邻其它区域的环境考古资料,得出该岩芯柱样所反映的环境变化信息。结果表明:(1)巢湖湖泊沉积物磁化率曲线在117 cm以下总体上比较平稳而略有下降,117 cm以上人类活动所导致的侵蚀作用加剧使得磁化率值异常升高;(2)本岩芯柱样117 cm以下样品的磁化率强度与粘土的百分比含量呈正相关,而与粉砂组分的百分比含量成负相关;(3)根据磁化率与粒度组合变化特征,结合孢粉分析及全新世以来区域气候变化背景,9 870 Cal a B.P.以来的巢湖流域古气候环境演变可以划分6个不同的时期:9 870~7 000 Cal a B.P.,气候呈温和略干的特点;7 000~4 750 Cal a B.P.,气候温暖湿润;4 750~2 170 Cal a B.P.,流域气候温和干燥,巢湖湖盆局部地区可能出露水面以上;2 170~1 040 Cal a B.P.,气候总体上温和湿润,但是冷暖波动明显;1 040~2 00 Cal a B.P.流域处在温凉稍湿的时期,人类活动逐渐加强;200 Cal a B.P.至今,流域总体上处于相对温暖湿润阶段。     

基于GIS的华蓥市地质灾害易发性评价

本文基于四川华蓥市最新的地质灾害数据和野外地质数据,选取坡度、坡向、坡高、工程地质岩组、断层、河流影响距离、道路和采矿活动等8个影响因素,采用信息量模型,在进行评价因子分析的基础上,通过GIS空间分析平台,对华蓥市开展地质灾害易发性评价.评价结果显示,研究区可划分为高易发、中易发、低易发和极低易发四个区,分别占研究区面...