西藏雄梅—雪如区域地质背景及成矿条件分析

介绍了本区的地层、构造和岩浆岩的特征,分析了地层与成矿的关系、控矿构造与容矿构造、岩浆岩与成矿的关系。通过化探分析确定了元素组合、富集系数和变差系数,为在该区找矿奠定了基础。     

地质雷达井下探测瓦斯富集区特征研究

地质雷达由于能够直接识别地下目标体,井下探测快速,不影响生产,分辨率高,在煤矿瓦斯灾害防治方面有较大的优势.本文基于地质雷达基本原理,探讨井下探测工艺,分析井下数据处理的方法,对井下瓦斯富集区异常特征进行分析,并与其他地质异常进行了比较.研究结果表明若在传播距离范围内存在明显的回波异常,则有可能存在瓦斯富集区.随着研究的深入,地质雷达有望突破瓦斯富集区探测的难题.     

Weak discontinuity in porous media: an enriched EFG method for fully coupled layered porous media

In this paper, a series of multimaterial benchmark problems in saturated and partially saturated two‐phase and three‐phase deforming porous media are addressed. To solve the process of fluid flow in partially saturated porous media, a fully coupled three‐phase formulation is developed on the basis of available experimental relations for updating saturation and permeabilities during the analysis. The well‐known element free Galerkin mesh‐free method is adopted. The partition of unity property of MLS shape functions allows for the field variables to be extrinsically enriched by appropriate functions that introduce existing discontinuities in the solution field. Enrichment of the main unknowns including solid displacement, water phase pressure, and gas phase pressure are accounted for, and a suitable enrichment strategy for different discontinuity types are discussed. In the case of weak discontinuity, the enrichment technique previously used by Krongauz and Belytschko [Int. J. Numer. Meth. Engng., 1998; 41:1215–1233] is selected. As these functions possess discontinuity in their first derivatives, they can be used for modeling material interfaces, generating only minor oscillations in derivative fields (strain and pressure gradients for multiphase porous media), as opposed to unenriched and constrained mesh‐free methods. Different problems of multimaterial poro‐elasticity including fully saturated, partially saturated one, and two‐phase flows under the assumption of fully coupled extended formulation of Biot are examined. As a further development, problems involved with both material interface and impermeable discontinuities, where no fluid exchange is permitted across the discontinuity, are considered and numerically discussed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

新疆萨瓦布其地区含铀煤成因分析

萨瓦布其地区煤岩型铀矿化产于中-下侏罗统克拉苏群煤层中,该套含煤地层形成于温湿条件下的山前辫状河和辫状河三角洲沉积环境中,在成岩以后的后生阶段遭受了3次构造运动的影响,其中喜山期构造运动对煤岩型铀矿化最为有利。该区含铀煤变质程度较低,在后期构造运动中发生高角度倾斜甚至倒转,煤岩型铀矿化主要受后期的潜水氧化带、煤层产状以及断裂控制,具明显的后生富集成因特征。     

云南罗平生物群产出层位沉积微相及其化石富集规律

云南罗平上石坎剖面是产出罗平生物群的代表性剖面。参考Wilson的标准微相模式,从产化石层位识别出6种沉积微相:灰泥灰岩、生屑粒泥灰岩、粪球粒-生屑泥灰岩、纹层状泥晶灰岩、生屑泥粒灰岩和砾屑灰岩。通过在化石采掘现场对化石富集层位的统计,将产化石层位细分为生物群上层段UFH(Upper Fossil Horizon)和生物群下层段LFH(Lower Fossil Horizon),并进一步探讨了每个层段中沉积微相与化石富集规律的关系,发现化石富集程度高的层段主要发育灰泥灰岩、生屑粒泥灰岩、粪球粒-生屑泥灰岩、纹层状泥晶灰岩等4种沉积微相。这种沉积微相组合主要发育在深水、低能的台内盆地环境中,环境水体的滞留、缺氧给生物埋藏提供了良好的条件。     

Nutrient limitation of phytoplankton growth in the freshwater tidal zone of a turbid,Mediterranean estuary

Identification of the limiting nutrient(s) is a requirement for the rational management of eutrophication. Here, we present the first experimental analysis of nutrient limitation of phytoplankton growth and its seasonal variation in the Guadiana estuary (SE Portugal-SW Spain). Ten microcosm experiments were performed during 2005 and 2008, using water samples collected in the freshwater tidal zone of the Guadiana estuary. Nitrate, phosphate and silicate were added in a single pulse, alone and in combinations. Experimental treatments were incubated for 4 days under controlled laboratory conditions. Phytoplankton response to nutrient enrichment was evaluated through changes in biomass (Chla), and abundance of specific phytoplankton groups.     

Effects of Organic Enrichment on Sandy Beach Meiofauna:A Laboratory Microcosm Experiment

Meiofauna samples from intertidal sediments of Qingdao No.2 Bathing Beach, China, were collected for field study, and subjected to organic enrichment in a laboratory microcosm experiment for 21 d. There were three different treatments including non-organic addition as the control, low-organic enrichment (2 g DW green algae per 150 mL) and high-organic enrichment (10 g DW green algae per 150 mL). After 21 d, the meiofauna richness decreased in both organic enrichment treatments. Among the three treatments, t...     

铅锌矿床中微量元素富集贫化规律研究——以福建丁家山铅锌矿和江苏甘家巷铅锌矿为例

依据福建丁家山和江苏甘家巷铅锌矿床试验资料,探讨了铅锌矿床中微量元素的富集贫化规律。在两个铅锌矿床中,除存在成矿元素及其伴生元素的富集以外,还存在着部分亲石分散元素、铁族元素、稀土元素等的贫化。发生贫化的微量元素因矿床而异,既有共性又有特殊性。Ba等微量元素在铅锌矿床中显著贫化并且随着Pb矿化增强贫化程度增强的规律,可以作为判断铅锌矿的地球化学异常的成矿前景。此项研究成果为实现地球化学勘查指标的定量化提供了基础。